Develop Reference

HttpClient deprecated / Connect with PHP server - Android API 22

I am trying to make a login and register for an android app.
I have been having problems adjusting the code to API 22.
Although I know I have to use HttpURLConnection instead of HttpRequestParams etc., and have done that, I can't figure out how to adjust the code to incorporate the database server and my PHP files stored on there.
It's mostly this bit below that I can't figure out.
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(httpRequestParams);
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(SERVER_ADDRESS + "FetchUserData.php");
Can anyone help? Thanks in advance.
Here's the full code:
#Override
protected User doInBackground(Void... params) {
ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues();
contentValues.put("username", user.username);
contentValues.put("password", user.password);
URL url = new URL(SERVER_ADDRESS);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setConnectTimeout(CONNECTION_TIMEOUT);
conn.setReadTimeout(CONNECTION_TIMEOUT);
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(httpRequestParams);
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(SERVER_ADDRESS + "FetchUserData.php");
User returnedUser = null;
try {
post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(dataToSend));
HttpResponse httpResponse = client.execute(post);
HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
JSONObject jObject = new JSONObject(result);
if(jObject.length() == 0) {
returnedUser = null;
} else {
String mobile = jObject.getString("mobile");
String email = jObject.getString("email");
returnedUser = new User(mobile, email, user.mobile, user.email);
}
} catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return returnedUser;
}

first: It's already been answered
Sending Http request for Android 22+
second: I've made a class that meets your needs, which allow you to send request and receive response with one line of code (It's also explained in post above)
Here is the link for the my class:
HttpRequest

Android HTTP POST request sent from application but server "sees" it as a GET request

I am sending some information to a sever for a university project of mine. The problem i am having is that the sever will only acpect POST request, it will not parse GET requests which is fair enough.
The issue i am having is that i am sending a httpPost request i check this using the built in Android method (see below) but when it arrives at the server it sees it as a GET request.
Post code:
JSONObject auth = new JSONObject();
auth.put("TEST", "TESTING");
HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://xxxxxxxxxxxxx/upload.php");
String meth = httpPost.getMethod();
Toast checker = Toast.makeText(this, meth, Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
checker.show();
String json = "";
json = auth.toString();
StringEntity se = new StringEntity(json);
httpPost.setHeader("User-Agent", "android app");
httpPost.setEntity(se);
httpclient.execute(httpPost);
The check Toast, displays the value POST, which is correct.
The sever log shows this as a GET request.
xxxxxxxxxxx MY IP - - [09/Dec/2013:00:20:57 +0000] "GET /upload.php HTTP/1.1" 405 352 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:25.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/25.0"
Edited severname / Ip's out of the log and code.
ANy ideas?

Use this method my friend for posting data to server
public Boolean postDataWithURL(String url, String fileUrl,
ArrayList<NameValuePair> listParamsWithValues) {
boolean result = false;
try {
int TIMEOUT_MILLISEC = 100000; // = 10 seconds
HttpParams httpParams = new BasicHttpParams();
HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpParams,
TIMEOUT_MILLISEC);
HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(httpParams, TIMEOUT_MILLISEC);
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(httpParams);
HttpPost request = new HttpPost(url);
if (fileUrl.equalsIgnoreCase("")) {
request.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(listParamsWithValues));
} else {
// System.out.println("file path "+fileUrl+" with actual path "+file);
}
// request.setEntity(new
// ByteArrayEntity(listParamsWithValues.toString().getBytes("UTF8")));
HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);
String responseString = request(response);
// System.out.println(responseString);
if (responseString.toLowerCase().contains("1")) {
result = true;
} else {
result = false;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// Some things goes Wrong
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}

Socket closed exception when trying to read httpResponse

I have a method to connect to send post data to a webservice and get the response back as follow:
public HttpResponse sendXMLToURL(String url, String xml, String httpClientInstanceName) throws IOException {
HttpResponse response = null;
AndroidHttpClient httpClient = AndroidHttpClient.newInstance(httpClientInstanceName);
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
StringEntity str = new StringEntity(xml);
str.setContentType("text/xml");
post.setEntity(str);
response = httpClient.execute(post);
if (post != null){
post.abort();
}
if (httpClient !=null){
httpClient.close();
}
return response;
}
Then, in my AsyncTask of my fragment, I try to read the response using getEntity():
HttpResponse response = xmlUtil.sendXMLToURL("url", dataXML, "getList");
//Check if the request was sent successfully
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
// Parse result to check success
responseText = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
if (!xmlParser.checkForSuccess(responseText, getActivity())){
//If webservice response is error
///TODO: Error management
return false;
}
}
And when I reach that line:
responseText = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
I get an exception: java.net.SocketException: Socket closed.
This behavior doesn't happen all the time, maybe every other time.

Just write
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(your url);
HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
it should work.No need to write codes which makes confusion.

I also experienced the 'socket closed' exception when using a client instance built using HttpClientBuilder. In my case, I was calling HttpRequestBase.releaseConnection() on my request object within a finally block before processing the response object (in a parent method). Flipping things around solved the issue... (working code below)
try {
HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request);
String responseBody = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
// Do something interesting with responseBody
} catch (IOException e) {
// Ah nuts...
} finally {
// release any connection resources used by the method
request.releaseConnection();
}

How to send POST request in JSON using HTTPClient in Android?

I'm trying to figure out how to POST JSON from Android by using HTTPClient. I've been trying to figure this out for a while, I have found plenty of examples online, but I cannot get any of them to work. I believe this is because of my lack of JSON/networking knowledge in general. I know there are plenty of examples out there but could someone point me to an actual tutorial? I'm looking for a step by step process with code and explanation of why you do each step, or of what that step does. It doesn't need to be a complicated, simple will suffice.
Again, I know there are a ton of examples out there, I'm just really looking for an example with an explanation of what exactly is happening and why it is doing that way.
If someone knows about a good Android book on this, then please let me know.
Thanks again for the help #terrance, here is the code I described below
public void shNameVerParams() throws Exception{
String path = //removed
HashMap params = new HashMap();
params.put(new String("Name"), "Value");
params.put(new String("Name"), "Value");
try {
HttpClient.SendHttpPost(path, params);
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

In this answer I am using an example posted by Justin Grammens.
About JSON
JSON stands for JavaScript Object Notation. In JavaScript properties can be referenced both like this object1.name and like this object['name'];. The example from the article uses this bit of JSON.
The Parts
A fan object with email as a key and foo#bar.com as a value
{
fan:
{
email : 'foo#bar.com'
}
}
So the object equivalent would be fan.email; or fan['email'];. Both would have the same value
of 'foo#bar.com'.
About HttpClient Request
The following is what our author used to make a HttpClient Request. I do not claim to be an expert at all this so if anyone has a better way to word some of the terminology feel free.
public static HttpResponse makeRequest(String path, Map params) throws Exception
{
//instantiates httpclient to make request
DefaultHttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
//url with the post data
HttpPost httpost = new HttpPost(path);
//convert parameters into JSON object
JSONObject holder = getJsonObjectFromMap(params);
//passes the results to a string builder/entity
StringEntity se = new StringEntity(holder.toString());
//sets the post request as the resulting string
httpost.setEntity(se);
//sets a request header so the page receving the request
//will know what to do with it
httpost.setHeader("Accept", "application/json");
httpost.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json");
//Handles what is returned from the page
ResponseHandler responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();
return httpclient.execute(httpost, responseHandler);
}
Map
If you are not familiar with the Map data structure please take a look at the Java Map reference. In short, a map is similar to a dictionary or a hash.
private static JSONObject getJsonObjectFromMap(Map params) throws JSONException {
//all the passed parameters from the post request
//iterator used to loop through all the parameters
//passed in the post request
Iterator iter = params.entrySet().iterator();
//Stores JSON
JSONObject holder = new JSONObject();
//using the earlier example your first entry would get email
//and the inner while would get the value which would be 'foo#bar.com'
//{ fan: { email : 'foo#bar.com' } }
//While there is another entry
while (iter.hasNext())
{
//gets an entry in the params
Map.Entry pairs = (Map.Entry)iter.next();
//creates a key for Map
String key = (String)pairs.getKey();
//Create a new map
Map m = (Map)pairs.getValue();
//object for storing Json
JSONObject data = new JSONObject();
//gets the value
Iterator iter2 = m.entrySet().iterator();
while (iter2.hasNext())
{
Map.Entry pairs2 = (Map.Entry)iter2.next();
data.put((String)pairs2.getKey(), (String)pairs2.getValue());
}
//puts email and 'foo#bar.com' together in map
holder.put(key, data);
}
return holder;
}
Please feel free to comment on any questions that arise about this post or if I have not made something clear or if I have not touched on something that your still confused about... etc whatever pops in your head really.
(I will take down if Justin Grammens does not approve. But if not then thanks Justin for being cool about it.)
Update
I just happend to get a comment about how to use the code and realized that there was a mistake in the return type.
The method signature was set to return a string but in this case it wasnt returning anything. I changed the signature
to HttpResponse and will refer you to this link on Getting Response Body of HttpResponse
the path variable is the url and I updated to fix a mistake in the code.

Here is an alternative solution to #Terrance's answer. You can easly outsource the conversion. The Gson library does wonderful work converting various data structures into JSON and the other way around.
public static void execute() {
Map<String, String> comment = new HashMap<String, String>();
comment.put("subject", "Using the GSON library");
comment.put("message", "Using libraries is convenient.");
String json = new GsonBuilder().create().toJson(comment, Map.class);
makeRequest("http://192.168.0.1:3000/post/77/comments", json);
}
public static HttpResponse makeRequest(String uri, String json) {
try {
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(uri);
httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(json));
httpPost.setHeader("Accept", "application/json");
httpPost.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json");
return new DefaultHttpClient().execute(httpPost);
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
Similar can be done by using Jackson instead of Gson. I also recommend taking a look at Retrofit which hides a lot of this boilerplate code for you. For more experienced developers I recommend trying out RxAndroid.

I recommend using this HttpURLConnectioninstead HttpGet. As HttpGet is already deprecated in Android API level 22.
HttpURLConnection httpcon;
String url = null;
String data = null;
String result = null;
try {
//Connect
httpcon = (HttpURLConnection) ((new URL (url).openConnection()));
httpcon.setDoOutput(true);
httpcon.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
httpcon.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json");
httpcon.setRequestMethod("POST");
httpcon.connect();
//Write
OutputStream os = httpcon.getOutputStream();
BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(os, "UTF-8"));
writer.write(data);
writer.close();
os.close();
//Read
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(httpcon.getInputStream(),"UTF-8"));
String line = null;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(line);
}
br.close();
result = sb.toString();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

Too much code for this task, checkout this library https://github.com/kodart/Httpzoid
Is uses GSON internally and provides API that works with objects. All JSON details are hidden.
Http http = HttpFactory.create(context);
http.get("http://example.com/users")
.handler(new ResponseHandler<User[]>() {
#Override
public void success(User[] users, HttpResponse response) {
}
}).execute();

There are couple of ways to establish HHTP connection and fetch data from a RESTFULL web service. The most recent one is GSON. But before you proceed to GSON you must have some idea of the most traditional way of creating an HTTP Client and perform data communication with a remote server. I have mentioned both the methods to send POST & GET requests using HTTPClient.
/**
* This method is used to process GET requests to the server.
*
* #param url
* #return String
* #throws IOException
*/
public static String connect(String url) throws IOException {
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(url);
HttpResponse response;
HttpParams httpParameters = new BasicHttpParams();
// Set the timeout in milliseconds until a connection is established.
// The default value is zero, that means the timeout is not used.
int timeoutConnection = 60*1000;
HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpParameters, timeoutConnection);
// Set the default socket timeout (SO_TIMEOUT)
// in milliseconds which is the timeout for waiting for data.
int timeoutSocket = 60*1000;
HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(httpParameters, timeoutSocket);
HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient(httpParameters);
try {
response = httpclient.execute(httpget);
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (entity != null) {
InputStream instream = entity.getContent();
result = convertStreamToString(instream);
//instream.close();
}
}
catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
Utilities.showDLog("connect","ClientProtocolException:-"+e);
} catch (IOException e) {
Utilities.showDLog("connect","IOException:-"+e);
}
return result;
}
/**
* This method is used to send POST requests to the server.
*
* #param URL
* #param paramenter
* #return result of server response
*/
static public String postHTPPRequest(String URL, String paramenter) {
HttpParams httpParameters = new BasicHttpParams();
// Set the timeout in milliseconds until a connection is established.
// The default value is zero, that means the timeout is not used.
int timeoutConnection = 60*1000;
HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpParameters, timeoutConnection);
// Set the default socket timeout (SO_TIMEOUT)
// in milliseconds which is the timeout for waiting for data.
int timeoutSocket = 60*1000;
HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(httpParameters, timeoutSocket);
HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient(httpParameters);
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(URL);
httppost.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
try {
if (paramenter != null) {
StringEntity tmp = null;
tmp = new StringEntity(paramenter, "UTF-8");
httppost.setEntity(tmp);
}
HttpResponse httpResponse = null;
httpResponse = httpclient.execute(httppost);
HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
if (entity != null) {
InputStream input = null;
input = entity.getContent();
String res = convertStreamToString(input);
return res;
}
}
catch (Exception e) {
System.out.print(e.toString());
}
return null;
}

Android: Unable to make httprequest behind firewall

The standard getUrlContent works welll when there is no firewall. But I got exceptions when I try to do it behind a firewall.
I've tried to set "http proxy server" in AVD manager, but it didn't work. Any idea how to correctly set it up?
and btw: from android documentation "You can use the -verbose-proxy option to diagnose proxy connection problems." -verbose-proxy is not a valid option at all.
protected static synchronized String getUrlContent(String url) throws ApiException {
if(url.equals("try")){
return "thanks";
}
if (sUserAgent == null) {
throw new ApiException("User-Agent string must be prepared");
}
// Create client and set our specific user-agent string
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpGet request = new HttpGet(url);
request.setHeader("User-Agent", sUserAgent);
try {
HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);
// Check if server response is valid
StatusLine status = response.getStatusLine();
if (status.getStatusCode() != HTTP_STATUS_OK) {
throw new ApiException("Invalid response from server: " +
status.toString());
}
// Pull content stream from response
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
InputStream inputStream = entity.getContent();
ByteArrayOutputStream content = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
// Read response into a buffered stream
int readBytes = 0;
while ((readBytes = inputStream.read(sBuffer)) != -1) {
content.write(sBuffer, 0, readBytes);
}
// Return result from buffered stream
return new String(content.toByteArray());
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new ApiException("Problem communicating with API", e);
}
}

You can set proxy in your code too.
public void setProxy(DefaultHttpClient httpclient) {
final String PROXY_IP = "<insert your IP here>";
final int PROXY_PORT = <insert_PROXY_PORT#>;
httpclient.getCredentialsProvider().setCredentials(
new AuthScope(PROXY_IP, PROXY_PORT),
new UsernamePasswordCredentials(
"username", "password"));
HttpHost proxy = new HttpHost(PROXY_IP, PROXY_PORT);
httpclient.getParams().setParameter(ConnRoutePNames.DEFAULT_PROXY,
proxy);
}

See if this little beastie will help you. It may be that you need this in the emulator image you are running.
http://openhandsetmagazine.com/2007/11/tips-howto-connect-android-emulator-behind-proxy/