I am a newbie working on bluetooth, and I would like to get some advice regarding the pairing process. I have googled this but I did not find much information ...
My goal is simple: I want to do a pairing to a headset without entering a pin. I have an android (nexus S running Android 4.1.2) and an iphone (3GS running ios 6.1.3).
If I connect to a device like a Jabra BT3030 (bluetooth headset), the pairing is performed without asking me any pin code.
Now I want to do the same from an Ubuntu (with BlueZ 4.6), i.e. I fake a bluetooth headset by enable only the correct service and so on. I disabled the authentication.
When I pair my iphone to this device, no pin code is required (as expected), but when I connect from my Android device, it still asks me for a pin code, whereas I would expect to have the same behavior than with the Jabra.
Would you have any idea of what I am missing here?
Thanks in advance,
Best regards,
Guillaume
Android Uses UUID for pairing and connection for two devices...for two devices conneting, one device should send request and one should accept and for both UUID should be same...
Like also used bluetooth there I need to intall my android app to both the devices then only I can pair the two devices...because only that app is knowing the UUID. and for iPhone it may be different so if from the native code of iOS u can know the UUID ur android device can be paired through app...
The Standard password for a Jabra BT3030 is 0000. Many other bluetooth devices have a standard password. For the Case a system only accepts devices with passwords, and u cant enter a pasword on a device without keys :D
Maybe the solution is implementing the standard passwords for mutliple devices and use them instead f forcing a connection without password.
Related
I'm trying to realize an Android-Beam-like behaviour between an Android Smartphone and a Linux Host. The Android Smartphone (Galaxy Note 3, Android 4.4.2) touches an NFC Dongle connected to the Linux Host and exchanges Bluetooth carrier data via NFC so it then can connect to a Bluetooth Dongle, also connected to the Linux host.
Now the problem is, that the Android Smartphone always asks the User (me) if I really want to pair with the Bluetooth Dongle. In Android Beam between two Android mobiles, this user confirmation doesn't show up, the user only has to click the content (i.e. the picture) to send it (and this is the behaviour I'm trying to get to). I'm using the "nfctool" to sniff the incoming Handshake Request message by the Android mobile (see http://pastebin.com/Dr0D0nqn ). According to the "Bluetooth Secure Simple Pairing Using NFC" document by the NFC Forum (see http://members.nfc-forum.org/resources/AppDocs/NFCForum_AD_BTSSP_1_0.pdf page 19) this Handshake Request should contain a Simple Pairing Hash and a Simple Pairing Randomizer, which are both missing in the Handshake Request by Android.
So my questions are:
First of all, is Android Beam using Secure Simple Pairing with OOB at all, or another mechanism? Why is the Android Beam between two Android devices working without confirmation of the pairing?
If it is using SSP, why are the SSP Hash and Randomizer missing in the HR message? Could this be the reason, why my pairing needs user confirmation?
If Android is using another mechanism, how do the HR messages roughly look like? Do they use a special type name (other than "application/vnd.bluetooth.ep.oob") or anything else in their Handshake Request, which circumvents the user confirmation of the BT pairing?
Are there any technical documentations (I couldn't find any so far) of Android Beam available? The NFC guide on android developers ( http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/connectivity/nfc/nfc.html ) isn't of much help concerning Android Beam.
Any help is much appreciated :)
I finally found the solution for this problem, and answers to most of my questions:
Yes, Android is using SSP, but Hash and Randimizer are not mandatory, so it's no must that they are included in the NDEF HR/HS messages.
Android is using HR messages with type name "application/vnd.bluetooth.ep.oob", this is correct.
It seems to be sufficient for SSP, if one device confirms the pairing process. So the solution for my problem is, to set the IO capabilities of the Linux Host to "DisplayYesNo" and then autoconfirm the authorization request. This way the Linux host fakes User input and the Android mobile wont ask the User for his confirmation anymore. A quick (and a bit dirty) way to realize this is to change BlueZs "simple-agent" script to confirm every authorization request.
I would like to automatically connect via Bluetooth one Android device into another Android device as soon as that device is in it's Bluetooth coverage zone.
Cheers
This depends on the Bluetooth version supported on both devices.
BT2.1 or below requires a pin. You can hard code the pin (as many BT peripherals, such as headsets do).
For versions greater than BT 2.1, you can use 'just works' simple pairing, which doesn't require a pin but may prompt the user to allow it.
I don't know what the Android specific API to do these are though.
How can I connect and disconnect to/from a headset bluetooth device programmatically?
The application should work for Android 2.1+
In other words: I have a headeset. I can pair, connect, disconnect to it using Settings/Wireless and Networks/Blutooth Settings.
But how can I do all those things (pair, connect, disconnect) from my program?
Please chech this link.
The android bluetooth example (already listed) has a bunch of issues (not the least of which is you need 2 android devices to get it to function).
Take a look at the example at http://luugiathuy.com/2011/02/android-java-bluetooth/ where he is using bt on the android device to hit a server (to do some robotics work).
Be aware of UUID issues (the way that BT decides what connection it can make is defined in the UUID), and check out http://www.avetana-gmbh.de/avetana-gmbh/produkte/doc/javax/bluetooth/UUID.html
Keep in mind that the 16 bits represented in the UUID (ie, 0x1101 for Serial Port) is misleading in that its really the least significant part and needs to be coded 0x00001101.
I am developing an application which connects devices over bluetooth and exchanges messages. It works fine for paired devices, but I would also like it to automatically pair devices that are not paired. Like for example it could store and use the same PIN for pairing requests, I just dont know how to manage this request programatically in my applciation, how to automatically set and send the PIN when you get a pairing request and how to initiate such a request with the predefined PIN code.
Any snippets or thoughts would be highly appreciated! :)
EDIT:
I know its risky, I am developing this app for emergency situations only where no other means but bluetooth is available. Also is there maybe a way of premature pairing with devices without even connecting to them? Like lets say there is a list of MAC Addresses of those devices and I can use them to generate a bond with that devices so that they appear paired on my device?
You can't do this. To do what you want to do would create a huge security risk. Think about it, my device just comes anywhere in bluetooth range of yours and now I can send you anything I want without you knowing? You can't really do this and I highly recommend not trying to subvert it.
Reflecting the setPin method allowed me to send the pin automatically to the other device. I had to implement it in a broadcast receiver that is listening for pairing requests. Although I cant get rid of the dialog it just stucks there on the screen and I dont know how to close it (programatically) and continue the bonding procedure since this dialog is called from inside connect() which is a blocking method. I am not giving up on it yet though :)
With Bluetooth version 2.1 and above there is a method of pairing called the 'just works' association model. This is the lowest security method of pairing and has no protection against man-in-the-middle attacks.
However, this will provide a secure, encrypted link without the need to exchange pin numbers or verify device ID.
The API on different platforms may differ but the underlying HCI messages require that you indicate that your device (or one of the devices) has the following IO capabilities:
No Keyboard, No Display.
As you might have guessed, this is a mode for very
simple devices that use Bluetooth, such as a speaker or headphones.
If you can find the API to configure that, then the 'just works' association mode of Secure Simple Pairing will be used for pairing.
The next step is to store the link keys e.g. bonding. Many devices e.g. mobile phones, will still create a dialogue box to the user to ask if they want to 'remember this device', as user authorisation is specified by the BT specifications... but that's another problem.
I would like to programmatically pair my mobile phone with medical sensor using Bluetooth interface. I have address and PIN necessary for connecting to device but I would like to avoid user interaction (pairing process - sensor configuration etc.)
I tried using unofficial Bluetooth API (http://code.google.com/p/android-bluetooth/) but it seems that this doesn't for Android 2.1 and above (I got LocalBluetoothDevice allways NULL, and people on their forum said that this is only for 1.X versions)
I saw that Android API has methods that do this pairing in background but they are labeled with #hide annotation. How do I access this?
Did anyone succeeded in this? (programmatically pairing) Any example?
Thanks!
I think you need to use createInsecureRfcommSocketToServiceRecord() which is introduced in API 10. I've got to get this working on Android 2.2, so I used reflection to call the method as per this method & it worked. I am identifying the Bluetooth device I connect to by its friendly name & setting it to not require PIN bonding, my Android APP now connects to it without the device having to be bonded or any PIN input, so its a security concern.