Develop Reference

Android In-App Billing, missing purchases

I am using Google's In-App Billing for my Android app.
I used the IabHelper class from Google's how to, as their billing seems extremely complicated.
My issue is I want to know if the purchase is successful or not. I think I'm following the process correctly, but in my logs I see a lot of users that get the upgrade, but whose purchase never shows up in my Google Play payments account. (i.e. they get the upgrade for free).
I'm logging the GP order ids, sometimes its a number like,
GPA.1234-5678-9123-1234
But sometimes its like,
1234567891234.1234567891234
Normally I think its the non GPA orders that don't get charged.
Also I think you can put an order through, then cancel it, and still get the upgrade?
How do you ensure the user really paid?
Code:
IabHelper.OnIabPurchaseFinishedListener mPurchaseFinishedListener = new IabHelper.OnIabPurchaseFinishedListener() {
public void onIabPurchaseFinished(IabResult result, final Purchase purchase) {
if (result.isFailure()) {
showMessage("Google Billing Purchase Error");
return;
} else if (purchase.getSku().equals(sku)) {
IabHelper.QueryInventoryFinishedListener mReceivedInventoryListener = new IabHelper.QueryInventoryFinishedListener() {
public void onQueryInventoryFinished(IabResult result, Inventory inventory) {
if (result.isFailure()) {
showMessage("Google Billing Error");
return;
} else {
if (inventory.hasPurchase(sku)) {
showMessage("Thank you for upgrading");
grantUpgrade();
// ** This line gets call, but no payment occurs.
}
}
}
};
mHelper.queryInventoryAsync(mReceivedInventoryListener);
}
}
};
mHelper.launchPurchaseFlow(this, sku, 10001, mPurchaseFinishedListener, "");
*** updated to check "inventory.hasPurchase(sku)" but still see users who get the upgrade but don't pay.
** maybe the users are using Freedom hack? Anyway to prevent this?

if (result.isFailure()) {
//If the user aborts or any other problems it will jump here
}
else {
//The user purchased some item, check out which it is
mIsPremium = inventory.hasPurchase(SKU_ANY_ITEM);
}
So concerning your question, this code already verify whether the user really purchased the item !

Purchase premiumPurchase = inventory.getPurchase(SKU);
boolean mIsPremium = (premiumPurchase != null
&& verifyDeveloperPayload(premiumPurchase));
if(mIsPremium){
...
}

The Google Play Store keeps track of purchases for you, so you shouldn't assume that just because a purchase was successful, the item will stay purchased. It's possible for a user to get a refund for a purchase. For this reason, you need to query the user's inventory every time you launch and adjust your grants appropriately. You would need to do this check anyways in order to support users that expect to have the grant when they switch to a new device or uninstall/reinstall the app.

Android inapp purchasing consume able product

I have implemented in-app purchased in my application and my product type is Managed and i am using API version 3.
When i make purchase from my credit card it is successfully done.
But the problem is if i uninstall my application and want to purchase this with same account it will charge me again?
According to Google rules of managed product type we only purchase the product once? But why is this happening ?
any one help me please?
here is my PurchaseActivity.java class
public abstract class PurchaseActivity extends BlundellActivity implements OnIabSetupFinishedListener, OnIabPurchaseFinishedListener {
private IabHelper billingHelper;
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_purchase);
setResult(RESULT_CANCELED);
billingHelper = new IabHelper(this, AppProperties.BASE_64_KEY);
billingHelper.startSetup(this);
}
#Override
public void onIabSetupFinished(IabResult result) {
if (result.isSuccess()) {
Log.d("In-app Billing set up" + result);
dealWithIabSetupSuccess();
} else {
Log.d("Problem setting up In-app Billing: " + result);
dealWithIabSetupFailure();
}
}
protected abstract void dealWithIabSetupSuccess();
protected abstract void dealWithIabSetupFailure();
protected void purchaseItem(String sku) {
billingHelper.launchPurchaseFlow(this, sku, 123, this);
}
#Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
billingHelper.handleActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
}
*/
#Override
public void onIabPurchaseFinished(IabResult result, Purchase info) {
if (result.isFailure()) {
dealWithPurchaseFailed(result);
} else if (pmg.SKU.equals(info.getSku())) {
dealWithPurchaseSuccess(result, info);
}
finish();
}
protected void dealWithPurchaseFailed(IabResult result) {
Log.d("Error purchasing: " + result);
}
protected void dealWithPurchaseSuccess(IabResult result, Purchase info) {
Log.d("Item purchased: " + result);
// DEBUG XXX
// We consume the item straight away so we can test multiple purchases
billingHelper.consumeAsync(info, null);
// END DEBUG
}
#Override
protected void onDestroy() {
disposeBillingHelper();
super.onDestroy();
}
private void disposeBillingHelper() {
if (billingHelper != null) {
billingHelper.dispose();
}
billingHelper = null;
}
}

This is working as intended - in your code you are consuming the in-app purchase immediately, which means you can then purchase it again:
protected void dealWithPurchaseSuccess(IabResult result, Purchase info) {
Log.d("Item purchased: " + result);
// DEBUG XXX
// We consume the item straight away so we can test multiple purchases
billingHelper.consumeAsync(info, null);
// END DEBUG
}
There's nothing that says you can't purchase a managed product more than once. What you can't do is purchase a managed product before a previous purchase of the same managed item has been consumed. So this is working exactly as intended, and if you remove that call to consumeAsync, you'll see that you can't purchase it again.
Sample use case:
Imagine some game where you can purchase extra lives. First, the user would purchase the extra lives (a managed in app product), your game (client or server) would then add those lives to the user's profile, for example, and assuming that was successful, you'd tell Google Play that the purchase has been consumed.
This is important in order to handle error cases - for example say the user's device dies in between the initial purchase and the addition of lives to the user's profile. Your app can then, the next time it's launched, try again to add those lives, and consume the purchase on success. And, obviously you wouldn't want the user trying to purchase even more lives before you successfully grant them - which is why you can't purchase a managed product twice before it's been consumed.

Manage subscription on Android app

I need to add a subscription support to my application, so that the user can buy a subscription for a year of service.
I just have created the subscription on Google Developer Console.
My problem is: I don't have any idea how I can check the user subscription.
I'm working to do this:
When my app is started by the user, if there is network, the app contacts the Play Store and checks if the user has bought the subscription and the payment date. These data are always saved on locale file, so if there is no network the app will use the local data for checking;
If the user has bought the subscription I check if it's been over a year. In fact I have read on internet that Play Store provides only the payment date and not the finish subscription date;
If the checking is true the app will work in Premium mode and not in Standard mode;
Now the problems:
How do I check the purchase? Can I use hasPurchase() method like in normal in-app?
If I need to use hasPurchase() on point 1) does this method return False if the user don't renew the subscription after a year?
How can I know the purchase date?
I copy a piece of code, this is a valid code to check normal in-app and I'd like to edit it to use it in subscription checking:
private void checkForPremium() {
final IabHelper buyHelper = new IabHelper(this, "MYKEY");
// initialize the InApp Billing system
buyHelper.startSetup(new IabHelper.OnIabSetupFinishedListener() {
#Override
public void onIabSetupFinished(IabResult result) {
if (!result.isSuccess()) {
buyHelper.dispose();
Log.e("MYAPP", "Error: " + result);
return;
}
// Get a list of all products the user owns
buyHelper.queryInventoryAsync(new IabHelper.QueryInventoryFinishedListener() {
#Override
public void onQueryInventoryFinished(IabResult result, Inventory inv) {
if (result.isFailure()) {
buyHelper.dispose();
Log.e("MYAPP", "Error: " + result);
} else {
boolean isPremium = inv.hasPurchase("MYSKU");
inv.getSkuDetails().
buyHelper.dispose();
// Forward to the currect activity depending on premium / demo mode
if (isPremium) {
if(menu != null){
MenuItem item = menu.findItem(R.id.action_premium);
item.setVisible(false);
}
Log.w("MYAPP", "PREMIUM");
} else {
if(menu != null){
MenuItem item = menu.findItem(R.id.action_premium);
item.setVisible(true);
}
Log.w("MYAPP", "NO PREMIUM");
}
}
}
});
}
});
}

In-App Billing test: android.test.purchased already owned

I am currently testing In-App Billing for a future app, and after I successfully "bought" the test item "android.test.purchased" the first time, I now receive the response code 7 every time I try to buy it again, which means that I already own this item.
12-15 23:02:14.149: E/IabHelper(19829): In-app billing error: Unable
to buy item, Error response: 7:Item Already Owned
From what I understand, this purchase is supposed to always be possible, right? So that the developer can test his/her app?
If not, how can I "reset" its state to not owned? I am using the util package from the Google In-App Billing Sample.

Add this code to a thread to initiate consume request.
int response = mService.consumePurchase(3, getPackageName(), purchaseToken);
Here for the purchase test, purchaseToken is
purchaseToken = "inapp:" + getPackageName() + ":android.test.purchased";
And
if (response == 0)
then the consumption is successful.
also don't forget to make mService public in
IabHelper.Java
then it would be possible to access like this:
int response = mHelper.mService.consumePurchase(3, getPackageName(), purchaseToken);

No need to write any special consumption code. Just use the adb command for clearing the Google Play Store data:
adb shell pm clear com.android.vending

It turns out that the android.test.purchased item behaves like a regular ID. It means that if you want be able to buy it again, you have to consume it somewhere in your code. I think that the Google documentation is misleading on this matter, and that they should add another static ID that you can buy endlessly for test purposes.

In-app version 3:
IabHelper.QueryInventoryFinishedListener mGotInventoryListener = new IabHelper.QueryInventoryFinishedListener() {
public void onQueryInventoryFinished(IabResult result, Inventory inventory) {
.....................
if (inventory.hasPurchase(SKU_CONTENT)) {
mHelper.consumeAsync(inventory.getPurchase(SKU_CONTENT), null);
}
}
};

Version 3 - Fastest way to solve : Clearing the cache of Google Play Store will let "android.test.purchased" available again.

This is how we can consume the Item
consume.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
#Override
public void onClick(View view) {
Thread t = new Thread(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
String purchaseToken = "inapp:" + getPackageName() + ":android.test.purchased";
try {
Log.d("","Running");
int response = mService.consumePurchase(3, getPackageName(), purchaseToken);
if(response==0)
{
Log.d("Consumed","Consumed");
}else {
Log.d("","No"+response);
}
}catch (RemoteException e)
{
Log.d("Errorr",""+e);
}
}
});
t.start();
}
});

In my opinion if your program is not designed to consume the item you do not need to tweak the code in order to clear the memory of an outside vendor. This will make your code more fragile and you will have then to spend a lot of time to add and remove code that does not belong to your software so it is a bad design to implement a solution like that.
The best solution that worked for me to clear android.test.purchased was
adb uninstall com.yourapp.name
and then
adb shell pm clear com.android.vending
I did not need to clear cash and to browse my apps setting or to change code for that. I did need to add the adb to path variables of windows system which was pretty straight forward. So yes you need to use adb which you probably need anyway so..
You just add your C:\ ...\android-sdk\platform-tools; in windows path in environment variables, and I imagine that it is pretty simple in mac and linux os as well. Hope it helps someone to spend few days less with implementing android in app billings.

Go to the Google Play Developer Console, open Order Management menu item from the left side and select the order you want to refund. Also make sure to remove the entitlement.

The main issue is you have to consume the android.test.purchased item. But this item won't be available in your query inventory, so you can't consume using the normal flow.
So, if you are using IabHelper, in IabHelper class, you can temporarily change the IInAppBillingService mService to public so that it is accessible from your IabHelper.
Then in your class, you can consume like this,
int response = mHelper.mService.consumePurchase(3, getPackageName(), "inapp:"+getPackageName()+":android.test.purchased");
If success, the response is going to be 0.
Hope this helps.

For testing purposes I also suggest you to insert a piece of code that will be clearing all the products that you've bought before calling a method that initializes gp purchase flow. That is especially comfortable, when you test just one item at the moment. E.g. like this:
PurchasesResult purchasesResult = mBillingClient.queryPurchases(BillingClient.SkuType.INAPP);
for (Purchase sourcePurchase : purchasesResult.getPurchasesList()) {
if(sourcePurchase != null){
ConsumeResponseListener listener = new ConsumeResponseListener() {
#Override
public void onConsumeResponse(String outToken, #BillingResponse int responseCode) {
System.out.println("all consumed");
}
};
mBillingClient.consumeAsync(sourcePurchase.getPurchaseToken(), listener);
}else{
System.out.println("null");
}
}
// and then initiate whole process with clear "shoping basket"
BillingFlowParams.Builder builder = new BillingFlowParams.Builder()
.setSku(itemName).setType(BillingClient.SkuType.INAPP);

If you are in test environment
1) In the case of android.test.purchased, I can reset the fake payment by restarting android device(consumed the inventory).
2) In InApp util there is a file called Security.java make it as following, for temporary. Since the testing payment(fake) always return false due to security exception.
public static boolean verifyPurchase(String base64PublicKey,
String signedData, String signature) {
return true; }
Then in your OnIabPurchaseFinishedListener call fechInvForconsumeItem()
IabHelper.OnIabPurchaseFinishedListener mPurchaseFinishedListener
= new IabHelper.OnIabPurchaseFinishedListener() {
public void onIabPurchaseFinished(IabResult result,
Purchase purchase)
{
if (result.isFailure()) {
// Handle error
Log.e("123","Failure");
return;
}
else if (purchase.getSku().equals(ITEM_SKU)) {
Log.e("123","PURCAsed");
fechInvForconsumeItem(); // Restart device if not consume
}
}
};
The fechInvForconsumeItem() is
public void fechInvForconsumeItem() {
mHelper.queryInventoryAsync(mReceivedInventoryListener);
}
IabHelper.QueryInventoryFinishedListener mReceivedInventoryListener
= new IabHelper.QueryInventoryFinishedListener() {
public void onQueryInventoryFinished(IabResult result,
Inventory inventory) {
if (result.isFailure()) {
// Handle failure
Log.e("11","Failure");
} else {
Log.e("11","suc");
mHelper.consumeAsync(inventory.getPurchase(ITEM_SKU),
mConsumeFinishedListener);
}
}
};
Consume Listener is
IabHelper.OnConsumeFinishedListener mConsumeFinishedListener =
new IabHelper.OnConsumeFinishedListener() {
public void onConsumeFinished(Purchase purchase,
IabResult result) {
if (result.isSuccess()) {
} else {
// handle error
Log.e("11","sucConsume");
}
}
};

IabHelper.QueryInventoryFinishedListener
mQueryFinishedListener = new IabHelper.QueryInventoryFinishedListener() {
public void onQueryInventoryFinished(IabResult result, Inventory inventory)
{
if (result.isFailure()) {
return;
}
try {
if(inventory.hasPurchase("product_sku_id"))
{
isItemEnable= true;
mHelper.consumeAsync(inventory.getPurchase("product_sku_id"),null);
}
else
{
isItemEnable = false;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
};

In my case, it appears that Google does not record a purchase for the item. Rather, the local copy of Google Play Services caches the purchase. That way, when a second request is made on the same device, android.test.purchased already owned appears. However, using another device or resetting the device clears the cache, and allows the purchase to be repeated.

In my case, I just needed to clear the apps cache. After clearing the cache, I was able to initiate the purchase flow again.
From my device (4.4.2), I navigated to "Settings->Application manager". Next, I selected the app from the "DOWNLOADED" tab, and then "Clear cache".

This is the difference between consumable and non-consumable items; non-consumable items (what you seem to be dealing with here) have their state tracked persistently, while consumable items can be purchased multiple times. You'll have to go into your Play management console and cancel/refund the sale to test it again.

Android Licensing Server on a device

I'm trying to figure out the whole Android licensing thing, and getting frustrated.
In the emulator, I run the app with no account, or one that isn't in the testing environment, and it seems to work correctly, returning the not licensed response and pops up the buy the app now message.
When I try to run it on an actual Android device, it returns licensed every time, even though the device account isn't one that is in the testing environment.
Also, even though it returns licensed, the "checking license" box never goes away, unless you click cancel. Then it just lets you use the app as if it was licensed.
It's mostly C&P from the example, with a few changes. I removed the check license button and the status text box.
#Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
mHandler = new Handler();
// Try to use more data here. ANDROID_ID is a single point of attack.
String deviceId = Secure.getString(getContentResolver(), Secure.ANDROID_ID);
// Library calls this when it's done.
mLicenseCheckerCallback = new MyLicenseCheckerCallback();
// Construct the LicenseChecker with a policy.
mChecker = new LicenseChecker(
this, new ServerManagedPolicy(this,
new AESObfuscator(SALT, getPackageName(), deviceId)),
BASE64_PUBLIC_KEY);
doCheck();
ArrayAdapter<String> booksAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, mBooks);
this.setListAdapter(booksAdapter);
}
protected Dialog onCreateDialog(int id) {
// We have only one dialog.
return new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
.setTitle(R.string.unlicensed_dialog_title)
.setMessage(R.string.unlicensed_dialog_body)
.setPositiveButton(R.string.buy_button, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Intent marketIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, Uri.parse(
"http://market.android.com/details?id=" + getPackageName()));
startActivity(marketIntent);
finish();
}
})
.setNegativeButton(R.string.quit_button, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
finish();
}
})
.create();
}
private void doCheck() {
setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);
alertbox("status", getString(R.string.checking_license));
mChecker.checkAccess(mLicenseCheckerCallback);
}
protected void alertbox(String title, String mymessage)
{
new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
.setMessage(mymessage)
.setTitle(title)
.setCancelable(true)
.setNeutralButton(android.R.string.cancel,
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int whichButton){}
})
.show();
}
private void displayResult(final String result) {
mHandler.post(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
alertbox("status", result);
setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(false);
}
});
}
private class MyLicenseCheckerCallback implements LicenseCheckerCallback {
public void allow() {
if (isFinishing()) {
// Don't update UI if Activity is finishing.
return;
}
// Should allow user access.
//displayResult(getString(R.string.allow));
}
public void dontAllow() {
if (isFinishing()) {
// Don't update UI if Activity is finishing.
return;
}
//displayResult(getString(R.string.dont_allow));
// Should not allow access. In most cases, the app should assume
// the user has access unless it encounters this. If it does,
// the app should inform the user of their unlicensed ways
// and then either shut down the app or limit the user to a
// restricted set of features.
// In this example, we show a dialog that takes the user to Market.
showDialog(0);
}
public void applicationError(ApplicationErrorCode errorCode) {
if (isFinishing()) {
// Don't update UI if Activity is finishing.
return;
}
// This is a polite way of saying the developer made a mistake
// while setting up or calling the license checker library.
// Please examine the error code and fix the error.
String result = String.format(getString(R.string.application_error), errorCode);
displayResult(result);
}
}
#Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
mChecker.onDestroy();
}
I just don't know what I need to change to make it work... or if the license is somehow cached (even though this is the first time I've run it on this device) and if I can uncache it without wiping the device, as that'll be nice for when I do testing on other apps.
Also, how do I remove the "checking license" message without having to click the cancel button... should I just make it so that it doesn't show up?

I'm just getting into licensing myself so don't take this as gospel but a few things stick out:
or if the license is somehow cached (even though this is the first time I've run it on this device) and if I can uncache it without wiping the device, as that'll be nice for when I do testing on other apps.
You are using the ServerManagedPolicy so the approval will be cached and obfuscated. This is the recommended way to do it. ( I assume to provide a better user experience and better response time ) In order to debug your approval you need to log into your market profile and change the "Test response" option. You need to use a device that has the same account as your publisher profile for the test response to work for a app that isn't released to the market yet.
You also have no code in your allow() method for your MyLicenseCheckerCallback class which should probably be where you clear the dialog (outside the isFinishing conditional).
if I can uncache it without wiping the device, as that'll be nice for when I do testing on other apps
Based on LicenseValidator.java It looks like the approval is stored in a prefs file at com.android.vending.licensing.ServerManagedPolicy in private mode. You can use the sharedpreferences editor to clear it from another place in the app.
Again I'm not a pro on this yet so I could be wrong but I think you might be able to troubleshoot your bug if you get it configured right.