How do I get an unique ID from an Android phone?
Whenever I try to get the unique ID from the phone as a string it
always shows android id and no other unique hex values.
How do I
get that one?
This is the code I use to get the ID until now:
String id=Settings.Secure.getString(contentResolver,Settings.Secure.ANDROID_ID);
Log.i("Android is is:",id);
the output which I get looks like this:
Android id is: android id
I am using a Nexus One for testing.
For detailed instructions on how to get a Unique Identifier for each Android device your application is installed from, see this official Android Developers Blog posting:
http://android-developers.blogspot.com/2011/03/identifying-app-installations.html
It seems the best way is for you to generate one your self upon installation and subsequently read it when the application is re-launched.
I personally find this acceptable but not ideal. No one identifier provided by Android works in all instances as most are dependent on the phone's radio states (wifi on/off, cellular on/off, bluetooth on/off). The others like Settings.Secure.ANDROID_ID must be implemented by the manufacturer and are not guaranteed to be unique.
The following is an example of writing data to an INSTALLATION file that would be stored along with any other data the application saves locally.
public class Installation {
private static String sID = null;
private static final String INSTALLATION = "INSTALLATION";
public synchronized static String id(Context context) {
if (sID == null) {
File installation = new File(context.getFilesDir(), INSTALLATION);
try {
if (!installation.exists())
writeInstallationFile(installation);
sID = readInstallationFile(installation);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
return sID;
}
private static String readInstallationFile(File installation) throws IOException {
RandomAccessFile f = new RandomAccessFile(installation, "r");
byte[] bytes = new byte[(int) f.length()];
f.readFully(bytes);
f.close();
return new String(bytes);
}
private static void writeInstallationFile(File installation) throws IOException {
FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(installation);
String id = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
out.write(id.getBytes());
out.close();
}
}
((TelephonyManager)getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE)).getDeviceId();
with manifest
<uses-permission android:name='android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE' />
Edit:
Here is some interesting reading about the android id:
How to set the Android ID
Android ID Requires Market Login
Try setting it to something other than 'android id' and see if you read the new value.
Here is code segment how to get androidId, unique DeviceId and Serial Number for your android phone may be it helps you.
TelephonyManager tm = (TelephonyManager)getBaseContext().getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
final String DeviceId, SerialNum, androidId;
DeviceId = tm.getDeviceId();
SerialNum = tm.getSimSerialNumber();
androidId = Secure.getString(getContentResolver(),Secure.ANDROID_ID);
UUID deviceUuid = new UUID(androidId.hashCode(), ((long)DeviceId.hashCode() << 32) | SerialNum.hashCode());
String mydeviceId = deviceUuid.toString();
Log.v("My Id", "Android DeviceId is: " +DeviceId);
Log.v("My Id", "Android SerialNum is: " +SerialNum);
Log.v("My Id", "Android androidId is: " +androidId);
Wireless MAC address is more unique than IMEI, because the later gets spoofed on stolen devices. Drawback is that it only works on WiFi enabled devices. WifiInfo
Settings.Secure.getString(contentResolver,Settings.Secure.ANDROID_ID);
this is not a good method it will return null in some cases.
THis piece of code will help you to generate unique pseudodevice ID .......``
public String getDeviceID() {
/*String Return_DeviceID = USERNAME_and_PASSWORD.getString(DeviceID_key,"Guest");
return Return_DeviceID;*/
TelephonyManager TelephonyMgr = (TelephonyManager) getApplicationContext().getApplicationContext().getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
String m_szImei = TelephonyMgr.getDeviceId(); // Requires
// READ_PHONE_STATE
// 2 compute DEVICE ID
String m_szDevIDShort = "35"
+ // we make this look like a valid IMEI
Build.BOARD.length() % 10 + Build.BRAND.length() % 10
+ Build.CPU_ABI.length() % 10 + Build.DEVICE.length() % 10
+ Build.DISPLAY.length() % 10 + Build.HOST.length() % 10
+ Build.ID.length() % 10 + Build.MANUFACTURER.length() % 10
+ Build.MODEL.length() % 10 + Build.PRODUCT.length() % 10
+ Build.TAGS.length() % 10 + Build.TYPE.length() % 10
+ Build.USER.length() % 10; // 13 digits
// 3 android ID - unreliable
String m_szAndroidID = Secure.getString(getContentResolver(),Secure.ANDROID_ID);
// 4 wifi manager, read MAC address - requires
// android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE or comes as null
WifiManager wm = (WifiManager) getApplicationContext().getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
String m_szWLANMAC = wm.getConnectionInfo().getMacAddress();
// 5 Bluetooth MAC address android.permission.BLUETOOTH required
BluetoothAdapter m_BluetoothAdapter = null; // Local Bluetooth adapter
m_BluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
String m_szBTMAC = m_BluetoothAdapter.getAddress();
System.out.println("m_szBTMAC "+m_szBTMAC);
// 6 SUM THE IDs
String m_szLongID = m_szImei + m_szDevIDShort + m_szAndroidID+ m_szWLANMAC + m_szBTMAC;
System.out.println("m_szLongID "+m_szLongID);
MessageDigest m = null;
try {
m = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
m.update(m_szLongID.getBytes(), 0, m_szLongID.length());
byte p_md5Data[] = m.digest();
String m_szUniqueID = new String();
for (int i = 0; i < p_md5Data.length; i++) {
int b = (0xFF & p_md5Data[i]);
// if it is a single digit, make sure it have 0 in front (proper
// padding)
if (b <= 0xF)
m_szUniqueID += "0";
// add number to string
m_szUniqueID += Integer.toHexString(b);
}
m_szUniqueID = m_szUniqueID.toUpperCase();
Log.i("-------------DeviceID------------", m_szUniqueID);
Log.d("DeviceIdCheck", "DeviceId that generated MPreferenceActivity:"+m_szUniqueID);
return m_szUniqueID;
}
Unique Id
Info adInfo = null;
try {
adInfo = AdvertisingIdClient.getAdvertisingIdInfo(mContext);
} catch (IOException e) {
...
} catch (GooglePlayServicesAvailabilityException e) {
...
} catch (GooglePlayServicesNotAvailableException e) {
...
}
String AdId = adInfo.getId();
Related
I'm building a PJSUA2 (PJSIP 2.8) Android app and I have some issues: i.e. only on incoming call, call state remains in "PJSIP_INV_STATE_CONNECTING" and after 32 seconds the call drops.
I'm looking for the cause of the issue since several days, I googled a lot and all what I found is: in most situations this issue is related to NAT management or network issues related to NAT. In a few words: in most cases the called party does not receive the ACK after answering the call.
Finally I was able to log all SIP messages between my app and the SIP server and found that my app receives the ACK from the server, so I suppose it's not a network related issue.
I compiled PJSIP 2.8 with OpenSSL and SRTP support, but without video support (I don't need it at least at the moment). If it makes any difference, the app has a target version 28 and minimum SDK version 19.
I tried several apps on the market and they work fine enough with and without SRTP and with all signaling transports (UDP, TCP, TLS), WebRTC works fine too (tested with SipML5), so I would exclude a server misconfiguration. My app does the same (except SRTP with which I have some issues at the moment).
I tried with a SIP provider too (MessageNet) using UDP and the behaviour is always the same. I tried to use compact SIP messages and it behaves the same, with and without uri parameters, with and without STUN and or ICE and nothing changes. Mobile network and WiFi networks give the same results.
I tried to debug inside PJSIP library too, but without any success, then I tried to follow the code, to understand what I was doing wrong, but it doesn't seem to me there is something evidently wrong.
The following is the code (last version) which initializes PJSIP:
public class SipService extends Service {
private Looper serviceLooper;
private ServiceHandler serviceHandler;
private final Messenger mMessenger = new Messenger(new IncomingHandler());
private LocalBroadcastManager localBroadcast;
private LifecycleBroadcastReceiver lifecycleBroadcastReceiver;
private boolean lastCheckConnected;
private Endpoint endpoint;
private LogWriter logWriter;
private EpConfig epConfig;
private final List<ManagedSipAccount> accounts = new ArrayList<>();
private final Map<String, Messenger> eventRegistrations = new HashMap<>();
#TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.N)
#Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
String userAgent = "MyApp";
try {
PackageInfo pInfo = getPackageManager().getPackageInfo(getPackageName(), 0);
String appLabel = (pInfo.applicationInfo.labelRes == 0 ? pInfo.applicationInfo.nonLocalizedLabel.toString() : getString(pInfo.applicationInfo.labelRes));
userAgent = appLabel + "/" + pInfo.versionName;
} catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {
Log.e("SipService", "Unable to get app version", e);
}
try {
endpoint = new MyAppEndpoint();
endpoint.libCreate();
epConfig = new EpConfig();
// Logging
logWriter = new PJSIPToAndroidLogWriter();
epConfig.getLogConfig().setWriter(logWriter);
epConfig.getLogConfig().setLevel(5);
// UA
epConfig.getUaConfig().setMaxCalls(4);
epConfig.getUaConfig().setUserAgent(userAgent);
// STUN
StringVector stunServer = new StringVector();
stunServer.add("stun.pjsip.org");
epConfig.getUaConfig().setStunServer(stunServer);
// General Media
epConfig.getMedConfig().setSndClockRate(16000);
endpoint.libInit(epConfig);
// UDP transport
TransportConfig udpCfg = new TransportConfig();
udpCfg.setQosType(pj_qos_type.PJ_QOS_TYPE_VOICE);
endpoint.transportCreate(pjsip_transport_type_e.PJSIP_TRANSPORT_UDP, udpCfg);
// TCP transport
TransportConfig tcpCfg = new TransportConfig();
//tcpCfg.setPort(5060);
endpoint.transportCreate(pjsip_transport_type_e.PJSIP_TRANSPORT_TCP, tcpCfg);
// TLS transport
TransportConfig tlsCfg = new TransportConfig();
endpoint.transportCreate(pjsip_transport_type_e.PJSIP_TRANSPORT_TLS, tlsCfg);
endpoint.libStart();
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Unable to initialize and start PJSIP", e);
}
ConnectivityManager cm = (ConnectivityManager)getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
NetworkInfo activeNetwork = cm.getActiveNetworkInfo();
lastCheckConnected = activeNetwork != null && activeNetwork.isConnected();
updateForegroundNotification();
startForeground(MyAppConstants.N_FOREGROUND_NOTIFICATION_ID, buildForegroundNotification());
localBroadcast = LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this);
HandlerThread thread = new HandlerThread("ServiceStartArguments",
Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND);
thread.start();
// Get the HandlerThread's Looper and use it for our Handler
serviceLooper = thread.getLooper();
serviceHandler = new ServiceHandler(serviceLooper);
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
// Register LifeCycleBroadcastReceiver to receive network change notification
// It seems it's mandatory to do it programmatically since Android N (24)
lifecycleBroadcastReceiver = new LifecycleBroadcastReceiver();
IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter("android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE");
registerReceiver(lifecycleBroadcastReceiver, intentFilter);
}
// Initialization
SharedPreferences prefs = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(this);
if (prefs != null) {
try {
CodecInfoVector codecs = endpoint.codecEnum();
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = prefs.edit();
for (int i = 0; i < codecs.size(); i++) {
CodecInfo codec = codecs.get(i);
int priority = prefs.getInt("codecs.audio{" + codec.getCodecId() + "}", 0);
try {
endpoint.codecSetPriority(codec.getCodecId(), (short) priority);
codec.setPriority((short) priority);
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e("SipService", "Unexpected error setting codec priority for codec " + codec.getCodecId(), e);
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e("SipService", "Unexpected error loading codecs priorities", e);
}
}
}
#Override
public void onDestroy() {
for (Account acc : accounts) {
acc.delete();
}
accounts.clear();
try {
endpoint.libDestroy();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
endpoint.delete();
endpoint = null;
epConfig = null;
if (lifecycleBroadcastReceiver != null) {
unregisterReceiver(lifecycleBroadcastReceiver);
}
super.onDestroy();
}
.......
}
And the following is my Account class with creation and registration code:
public class ManagedSipAccount extends Account {
public final String TAG;
private final VoipAccount account;
private final PhoneAccountHandle handle;
private final SipService service;
private final AccountStatus status;
private final Map<Integer, VoipCall> calls = new HashMap<>();
private final Map<String, VoipBuddy> buddies = new HashMap<>();
private AccountConfig acfg;
private List<SrtpCrypto> srtpCryptos = new ArrayList<>();
private AuthCredInfo authCredInfo;
public ManagedSipAccount(SipService service, VoipAccount account, PhoneAccountHandle handle) {
super();
TAG = "ManagedSipAccount/" + account.getId();
this.service = service;
this.account = account;
this.handle = handle;
this.status = new AccountStatus(account.getUserName() + "#" + account.getHost());
acfg = new AccountConfig();
}
public void register(Map<String, String> contactParameters) throws Exception {
StringBuilder contactBuilder = new StringBuilder();
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : contactParameters.entrySet()) {
contactBuilder.append(';');
contactBuilder.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getKey(), "UTF-8"));
contactBuilder.append("=\"");
contactBuilder.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), "UTF-8"));
contactBuilder.append("\"");
}
StringBuilder logBuilder = new StringBuilder();
logBuilder.append("Registering: ");
logBuilder.append(account.getProtocol().name());
/*logBuilder.append('(');
logBuilder.append(service.getTransport(account.getProtocol()));
logBuilder.append(')');*/
if (account.isEncryptionSRTP()) {
logBuilder.append(" SRTP");
}
if (account.isIce()) {
logBuilder.append(" ICE");
}
Log.d(TAG, logBuilder.toString());
String idUri = "sip:" + account.getUserName();
if (!"*".equals(account.getRealm())) {
idUri += "#" + account.getRealm();
}
else {
idUri += "#127.0.0.1" /*+ account.getHost()*/;
}
acfg.setIdUri(idUri);
acfg.getRegConfig().setRegistrarUri("sip:" + account.getHost() + ":" + account.getPort() + ";transport=" + account.getProtocol().name().toLowerCase());
acfg.getRegConfig().setRetryIntervalSec(account.getRetryInterval());
acfg.getRegConfig().setRegisterOnAdd(false);
acfg.getSipConfig().setContactUriParams(contactBuilder.toString());
// NAT management
acfg.getNatConfig().setSipStunUse(pjsua_stun_use.PJSUA_STUN_USE_DEFAULT);
if (account.isIce()) {
acfg.getNatConfig().setIceEnabled(true);
acfg.getNatConfig().setIceAlwaysUpdate(true);
acfg.getNatConfig().setIceAggressiveNomination(true);
}
else {
acfg.getNatConfig().setSdpNatRewriteUse(1);
}
acfg.getMediaConfig().getTransportConfig().setQosType(pj_qos_type.PJ_QOS_TYPE_VOICE);
if (account.isEncryptionSRTP()) {
acfg.getMediaConfig().setSrtpUse(pjmedia_srtp_use.PJMEDIA_SRTP_MANDATORY);
acfg.getMediaConfig().setSrtpSecureSignaling(0);
//acfg.getMediaConfig().getSrtpOpt().setKeyings(new IntVector(2));
acfg.getMediaConfig().getSrtpOpt().getKeyings().clear();
acfg.getMediaConfig().getSrtpOpt().getKeyings().add(pjmedia_srtp_keying_method.PJMEDIA_SRTP_KEYING_SDES.swigValue());
acfg.getMediaConfig().getSrtpOpt().getKeyings().add(pjmedia_srtp_keying_method.PJMEDIA_SRTP_KEYING_DTLS_SRTP.swigValue());
acfg.getMediaConfig().getSrtpOpt().getCryptos().clear();
StringVector cryptos = Endpoint.instance().srtpCryptoEnum();
for (int i = 0; i < cryptos.size(); i++) {
SrtpCrypto crypto = new SrtpCrypto();
crypto.setName(cryptos.get(i));
crypto.setFlags(0);
srtpCryptos.add(crypto);
acfg.getMediaConfig().getSrtpOpt().getCryptos().add(crypto);
}
}
else {
acfg.getMediaConfig().setSrtpUse(pjmedia_srtp_use.PJMEDIA_SRTP_DISABLED);
acfg.getMediaConfig().setSrtpSecureSignaling(0);
}
authCredInfo = new AuthCredInfo("digest",
account.getRealm(),
account.getAuthenticationId() != null && account.getAuthenticationId().trim().length() > 0 ? account.getAuthenticationId() : account.getUserName(),
0,
account.getPassword());
acfg.getSipConfig().getAuthCreds().add( authCredInfo );
acfg.getIpChangeConfig().setHangupCalls(false);
acfg.getIpChangeConfig().setShutdownTp(true);
create(acfg);
ConnectivityManager cm = (ConnectivityManager)service.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
NetworkInfo activeNetwork = cm.getActiveNetworkInfo();
boolean isConnected = activeNetwork != null && activeNetwork.isConnected();
if (isConnected) {
setRegistration(true);
}
}
#Override
public void onRegStarted(OnRegStartedParam prm) {
super.onRegStarted(prm);
Log.d(TAG, "Status: Registering...");
status.setStatus(AccountStatus.Status.REGISTERING);
service.updateStatus(this);
}
#Override
public void onRegState(OnRegStateParam prm) {
super.onRegState(prm);
try {
Log.d(TAG, "Registration state: " + prm.getCode().swigValue() + " " + prm.getReason());
AccountInfo ai = getInfo();
status.setStatus(ai.getRegIsActive() ? AccountStatus.Status.REGISTERED : AccountStatus.Status.UNREGISTERED);
Log.d(TAG, "Status: " + status.getStatus().name() + " " + super.getInfo().getUri());
service.updateStatus(this);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
.....
}
Finally, how I answer the code at the moment in a class which extends the PJSIP's Call class:
#Override
public void answerCall() {
Log.d(TAG, "Answering call...");
CallOpParam prm = new CallOpParam(true);
prm.setStatusCode(pjsip_status_code.PJSIP_SC_OK);
prm.getOpt().setAudioCount(1);
prm.getOpt().setVideoCount(0);
try {
this.answer(prm);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
I also tried with new CallOpParam(); with just the status code and nothing else, but nothing changes.
One note: I created the IdUri as sip:username#127.0.0.1 because without the host the resulting contact was and I thought that the missing user part may be the cause of the issue or part of it.
The following is the trace of the app <-> my Asterisk server communication during call (linked because of content length exceed).
https://gist.github.com/ivano85/a212ddc9a808f3cd991234725c2bdb45
The ServerIp is an internet public IP, while the MyIp[5.XXX.XXX.XXX] is my phone's public IP.
As you can see from the log, my app sends a 100 Trying, then a 180 Ringing when the phone rings, then the user answers and the app sends a 200 OK. The server replies with a ACK message (I would say it's not a NAT issue, because PJSIP receives the ACK). I see the same from Asterisk.
After this I would expect the call goes from PJSIP_INV_STATE_CONNECTING to PJSIP_INV_STATE_CONFIRMED, but it does not happen, so PJSIP continues to send a 200 OK and receive the ACK every about 2 seconds, until the call times out after 32 seconds and PJSIP disconnects the call (sending a BYE).
I'm starting to think that PJSIP just ignores ACK messages and just has a wrong behaviour. Please help me to understand what is happening here. I would appreciate it so much!
Obviously let me know if you think that more details are needed.
After getting the following code to work reliably for a month or so, it stopped working reliably a couple of days ago. About half the time it returns a properly translated string and the other half of the time it returns one of the following two messages:
java.io.FileNotFoundException:
https://api.cognitive.microsoft.com/sts/v1.0/issueToken
java.net.UnknownHostException: Unable to resolve host
"api.microsofttranslator.com": No address associated with hostname
The timing of this problem's beginning coincided with the expiration of my free azure cognitive services account however I migrated to a pay-as-you-go account yesterday and the problem continues.
Why is this happening?
static class translateMessageX extends AsyncTask<String, Void, String>
{
//input string array of 3 items
//[0]is the message to be translated
//[1]is the from language i.e. "english"
//[2]is the to language i.e. "spanish"
//[3]"echo" or "received"
String retString;
String inString = null;
String messageType = null;
String URLHolder = ""; //hold the URL here while we are translating the text
#Override
protected String doInBackground(String... params)
{
inString = params[0];
String from = params[1];
String to = params[2];
messageType = params[3];
int urlStart = inString.indexOf("http");
if (!(urlStart == -1))
{
URLHolder = inString.substring(urlStart);
inString = inString.substring(0, urlStart -1);
}
else
{
URLHolder = "";
}
Integer mesChars = params[0].length();
Integer tCharsLeft = GlobalStuff.getTranslationsFromSP();
if (tCharsLeft > 0)
{
if (tCharsLeft < mesChars) //we charge for both 'echo' and 'received' translations
{
GlobalStuff.updateTranslationInventory(tCharsLeft * -1);
}
else
{
GlobalStuff.updateTranslationInventory(mesChars * -1);
}
GlobalStuff.notifyListeners(this, "#uui", "notused", "notused" );
try
{
Language fromLang = GlobalStuff.getLang(from);
Language toLang = GlobalStuff.getLang(to);
//retString = Translate.execute(inString, fromLang, toLang);
//String debugstr = "look at retStr";
String authenticationUrl = "https://api.cognitive.microsoft.com/sts/v1.0/issueToken";
HttpsURLConnection authConn = (HttpsURLConnection) new URL(authenticationUrl).openConnection();
authConn.setRequestMethod("POST");
authConn.setDoOutput(true);
authConn.setRequestProperty("Ocp-Apim-Subscription-Key", GlobalStuff.translateKey);
IOUtils.write("", authConn.getOutputStream(), "UTF-8");
String token = IOUtils.toString(authConn.getInputStream(), "UTF-8");
System.out.println(token);
// Using the access token to build the appid for the request url
String appId = URLEncoder.encode("Bearer "+token, "UTF-8");
String text = URLEncoder.encode(inString, "UTF-8");
String translatorTextApiUrl = String.format("https://api.microsofttranslator.com/v2/http.svc/Translate?appid=%s&text=%s&from=%s&to=%s", appId, text, fromLang, toLang);
HttpsURLConnection translateConn = (HttpsURLConnection) new URL(translatorTextApiUrl).openConnection();
translateConn.setRequestMethod("GET");
translateConn.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/xml");
retString = IOUtils.toString(translateConn.getInputStream(), "UTF-8");
String debug = "look at retString";
}
catch (Exception e)
{
retString = e.toString();
}
}
else
{
retString = "OUT OF TRANSLATION CREDITS - " + inString;
}
return retString;
}
#Override
protected void onPostExecute(String result)
{
//rest of logic should be here??
String debug = "look at result";
String answer = extractTranslation(result);
.. . . .
Host not found looks like a simple connectivity error. These hosts do exist.
You can void the call to the token service by passing the key in the call to api.microsofttranslator.com directly:
https://cognitive.uservoice.com/knowledgebase/articles/1815385-api-translator-text-speech-using-the-api-key
That fixes one of the host not found problems, but not the other.
I would recommend though to not embed the key in the client application. It is safer to call the translator service from your own proxy service, where the proxy is able to safely identify your client as your client.
Receiving:
SignatureDoesNotMatchThe request signature we calculated does not match the signature you provided. Check your AWS Secret Access Key and signing method. Consult the service documentation for details.
With the following:
String associateTag = "example-20";
String awsAccessKeyId = "accessKeyId";
String awsSecretKey = "secretKey";
String endpoint = "webservices.amazon.com";
String uri = "/onca/xml";
String charset = "UTF8";
private String buildQueryString(String keywords) {
Map<String,String> params = new ArrayMap<>();
List<String> pairs = new ArrayList<>();
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSS'Z'", Locale.US);
sdf.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("UTC"));
params.put("Service","AWSECommerceService");
params.put("Operation","ItemSearch");
params.put("AWSAccessKeyId",awsAccessKeyId);
params.put("AssociateTag",associateTag);
params.put("SearchIndex","All");
params.put("ResponseGroup","Images,ItemAttributes");
params.put("Timestamp",sdf.format(new Date()));
params.put("Keywords", keywords);
Map<String, String> treeMap = new TreeMap<>(params);
try {
for (Map.Entry<String, String> param : treeMap.entrySet()) {
pairs.add(URLEncoder.encode(param.getKey(), charset) + "=" + URLEncoder.encode(param.getValue(), charset));
}
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
String queryString = "";
for (int i = 0; i < pairs.size(); i++) {
if (i != 0) {
queryString += "&";
}
queryString += pairs.get(i);
}
Log.d(TAG, "queryString: " + queryString);
return queryString;
}
private String buildSignature(String queryString) {
String hash = "";
try {
String message = "GET\n" + endpoint + "\n" + uri + "\n" + queryString;
Log.d(TAG, "message: " + message);
Mac sha_HMAC = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA256");
SecretKeySpec secret_key = new SecretKeySpec(awsSecretKey.getBytes(charset), "HmacSHA256");
sha_HMAC.init(secret_key);
hash = Base64.encodeToString(sha_HMAC.doFinal(message.getBytes(charset)), Base64.DEFAULT);
}
catch (Exception e){
System.out.println("Error");
}
return hash;
}
public void searchProducts(String keywords) {
String requestUrl = "";
String queryString = buildQueryString(keywords);
String signature = buildSignature(queryString);
Log.d(TAG, "signature: " + signature);
try {
requestUrl = "http://" + endpoint + uri + "?" + queryString + "&Signature=" + URLEncoder.encode(signature, charset);
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Log.d(TAG, "requestUrl: " + requestUrl);
Ion.with(context)
.load(requestUrl)
.asString()
.setCallback(new FutureCallback<String>() {
#Override
public void onCompleted(Exception e, String result) {
Log.d(TAG, "searchProducts result: " + result);
}
});
}
What could be the problem?
Make sure that your system clock is correct. It will be good idea to sync it using NTP. In the past I have seen signature errors when the time is out of sync.
What I've seen before is that this is normally down to permissions . Check access and secret key is correct and you have adequate permissions.
Changed:
Base64.DEFAULT;
To:
Base64.NO_WRAP;
It's hard to tell from the code. A few things to check:
Make sure the service you want to reach uses SigV2 signing (or query string signing). New services follow version 4 signing standard.
URLEncoder.encode doesn't meet AWS' encoding requirement RFC 3986. You need to apply some fixes to the encoded string.
Query strings should be sorted in a case insensitive way.
Your credentials are indeed correct.
It's a good idea to see how QueryStringSigner.java is implemented in the official SDK , and Signature Version 2 Signing Process.
PS: what's the reason of not using the offical SDK?
In the past when I have had this issue, it was to do with system time. Syncing time with NTP fix issue for me
Can be caused by
A space in the name (or path) of the file.
Characters that are not being properly encoded. Mostly / or +.
Generating new keys that does not contain these characters could help. More info on this issue or this one.
EDIT: For anyone using the same method as I am (building a Soap.java file and using sockets), stop! Use the kSoap-Android library as it automates pretty much everything and has little to no bugs like this.
I'm creating an android application where you can quicly check your timeroster for the classes in the next week. To do this, I use 2 servers:
The server that hosts the timerosters for every student in HTML form
(I do not manage this server)
The server that hosts my webservice (which I manage). It's a .NET webservice and is finished.
The android device connects to the Webservice-server and sends the function "login" with parameters "username": "usernameX" and "password": "passwordX".
The webservice-server then retrieves the login-page from the timeroster-server with the "username" and "password" fields as post parameters. The timeroster-server will respond with a html-page, that will be parsed by the webservice-server and depending on it's contents, the webservice will respond to the Android device with either "Success" or "AuthenticationFail".
To do this, I use the SOAP-architecture on my Android Device, which sends a SOAP-enveloppe to the webservice. The webservice then creates HttpWebRequest- and HttpWebResponse-objects that retrieve the html-source from the timeroster-server.
This approach has worked for me so far using the Socket-class and I have been able to login to the timeroster-server, using my android device. However, the problem lies with another function.
My webservice supports 2 functions: "login" and "GetList". I can perfectly call the "login"-function from my android and receive a "Success"-string. But when I call the "GetList"-function (that takes 3 parameters: a username, a password and a listType), it returns a 400 Bad Request.
When I send the exact same http-request to the webservice-server with Fiddler, I don't receive a 400 Bad Request error.
Why am I getting a 400 error ONLY when I use my android-device? Is there any way I can fix this?
Images for visualisation:
Login-function (using Android):
Login-function (using Fiddler):
GetList-function (using Android) - ERROR HERE:
GetList-function (using Fiddler):
Code used in Android to send data to socket:
public String sendRequest()
{
String s = "";
Socket socket = null;
try
{
socket = new Socket(Server, Port);
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
return "UnknownClientError";
}
String stringbuffer = "";
try
{
socket.getOutputStream();
boolean flag = true;
PrintWriterSuper printwriter = new PrintWriterSuper(socket.getOutputStream());
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(socket.getInputStream());
int i = 295 + MethodName.length() * 2 + XmlNamespace.length();
for(int j = 0; j < ParamNames.size(); j++)
{
String s1 = (String)ParamNames.elementAt(j);
String s2 = (String)ParamData.elementAt(j);
i += s1.length();
i += s2.length();
}
printwriter.println("POST " + WebServicePath + " HTTP/1.1");
printwriter.println("Host: " + Server);
printwriter.println("Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8");
printwriter.println("Content-Length: " + String.valueOf(i));
if(!SoapAction.equals(""))
printwriter.println("SOAPAction: \"" + SoapAction + "\"");
printwriter.println("Connection: Close");
printwriter.println();
printwriter.println("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>");
printwriter.println("<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:soap=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\">");
printwriter.println("<soap:Body>");
printwriter.println("<" + MethodName + " xmlns=\"" + XmlNamespace + "\">");
for(int k = 0; k < ParamNames.size(); k++)
{
String s3 = (String)ParamNames.elementAt(k);
String s5 = (String)ParamData.elementAt(k);
printwriter.println("<" + s3 + ">" + s5 + "</" + s3 + ">");
}
printwriter.println("</" + MethodName + ">");
printwriter.println("</soap:Body>");
printwriter.println("</soap:Envelope>");
printwriter.println();
boolean flag1 = false;
int byte0 = 10;
long l = System.currentTimeMillis();
String s4;
while(scanner.hasNextLine() && !flag1)
{
s4 = scanner.nextLine();
stringbuffer += s4 + "\n";
if(System.currentTimeMillis() - l > (long)(1000 * byte0))
flag1 = true;
}
scanner.close();
if(!flag1)
{
String requestString = printwriter.toString();
String s6 = MethodName + "Result";
int i1 = stringbuffer.toString().indexOf("<" + s6 + ">") + s6.length() + 2;
int j1 = stringbuffer.toString().indexOf("</" + s6 + ">");
s = stringbuffer.substring(i1, j1);
} else
{
s = "Error: timed out by client";
}
try{
socket.close();
}catch(Exception ex){}
}
catch (Exception e) {
s = e.getMessage() + "\n" + e.getStackTrace().toString();
}
return s;
}
I am trying to find out the data usage on Android on a per-application basis. Something like Android Data Usage Apps and Quota / Cap Monitor Widgets: never get charged extra for data or get capped again!.
I looked at Stack Overflow question How to go about detecting data usage in the Android environment.
But it's not been of much help.
ActivityManager activityManager = (ActivityManager) this.getSystemService(ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
ActivityManager.MemoryInfo mInfo = new ActivityManager.MemoryInfo();
activityManager.getMemoryInfo( mInfo );
List<RunningAppProcessInfo> listOfRunningProcess = activityManager.getRunningAppProcesses();
Log.d(TAG, "XXSize: " + listOfRunningProcess.size());
for (RunningAppProcessInfo runningAppProcessInfo : listOfRunningProcess) {
if (runningAppProcessInfo.uid > 1026)
{
Log.d(TAG, "ANS " + runningAppProcessInfo.processName +
" Id :" + runningAppProcessInfo.pid +
" UID: " + runningAppProcessInfo.uid);
}
}
I tried the above code as suggested by Akos Cz. However all the UIDs are numbers, unlike app_79 as you have mentioned above. Is this all right?
The following links should help you figure out how to programmatically determine the data usage per application.
Create a network monitor using Android's TrafficStats class
Android Traffic Statistics Inside
You will need to implement your code to use the TraficStats API and track the number of bytes sent/received per UID (application).
Use this method after create a new class PackageInformationTotal.
public void getPakagesInfoUsingHashMap() {
final PackageManager pm = getPackageManager();
// get a list of installed apps.
List<ApplicationInfo> packages = pm.getInstalledApplications(0);
// loop through the list of installed packages and see if the selected
// app is in the list
for (ApplicationInfo packageInfo : packages) {
// get the UID for the selected app
UID = packageInfo.uid;
String package_name = packageInfo.packageName;
ApplicationInfo app = null;
try {
app = pm.getApplicationInfo(package_name, 0);
} catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
String name = (String) pm.getApplicationLabel(app);
Drawable icon = pm.getApplicationIcon(app);
// internet usage for particular app(sent and received)
double received = (double) TrafficStats.getUidRxBytes(UID)
/ (1024 * 1024);
double send = (double) TrafficStats.getUidTxBytes(UID)
/ (1024 * 1024);
double total = received + send;
if(total>0)
{
PackageInformationTotal pi=new PackageInformationTotal();
pi.name=name;
pi.packageName=package_name;
pi.icon=icon;
pi.totalMB=String.format( "%.2f", total )+" MB";
pi.individual_mb=String.format( "%.2f", total );
totalData+=Double.parseDouble(String.format( "%.2f", total ));
dataHash.add(pi);
Log.e(name,String.format( "%.2f", total )+" MB");
}
}
Editor edit=shared.edit();
edit.putString("Total",String.format( "%.2f", totalData));
edit.commit();
}
After that you can track all process usages in MB.
Prorammatically:
You can declare the intent filter for the ACTION_MANAGE_NETWORK_USAGE action (introduced in Android 4.0) to indicate that your application defines an activity that offers options to control data usage. ACTION_MANAGE_NETWORK_USAGE shows settings for managing the network data usage of a specific application. When your app has a settings activity that allows users to control network usage, you should declare this intent filter for that activity.
Check this out for more information about managing data usage manage usage per application.
The proper definition of ACTION_MANAGE_NETWORK_USAGE is you can see here.
public class Main extends Activity {
private Handler mHandler = new Handler();
private long mStartRX = 0;
private long mStartTX = 0;
#Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
mStartRX = TrafficStats.getTotalRxBytes();
mStartTX = TrafficStats.getTotalTxBytes();
if (mStartRX == TrafficStats.UNSUPPORTED || mStartTX == TrafficStats.UNSUPPORTED) {
AlertDialog.Builder alert = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
alert.setTitle("Uh Oh!");
alert.setMessage("Your device does not support traffic stat monitoring.");
alert.show();
} else {
mHandler.postDelayed(mRunnable, 1000);
}
}
private final Runnable mRunnable = new Runnable() {
public void run() {
TextView RX = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.RX);
TextView TX = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.TX);
long rxBytes = TrafficStats.getTotalRxBytes()- mStartRX;
RX.setText(Long.toString(rxBytes));
long txBytes = TrafficStats.getTotalTxBytes()- mStartTX;
TX.setText(Long.toString(txBytes));
mHandler.postDelayed(mRunnable, 1000);
}
};
}
You can also checkout https://github.com/commonsguy/cw-andtuning/tree/master/TrafficMonitor
This snippet also works for those actually running apps in your device
final PackageManager pm = getPackageManager();
ActivityManager activityManager = (ActivityManager) this.getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
List<ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo> appProcesses = activityManager.getRunningAppProcesses();
//final List<ActivityManager.RunningTaskInfo> recentTasks = activityManager.getRunningTasks(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
for (int i = 0; i < appProcesses.size(); i++) {
Log.d("Executed app", "Application executed : " + appProcesses.get(i).processName + "\t\t ID: " + appProcesses.get(i).pid + "");
// String packageName = activityManager.getRunningTasks(1).get(0).topActivity.getPackageName();
//String packageName = appProcesses.get(i)..getPackageName();
ApplicationInfo app = null;
try {
app = pm.getApplicationInfo(appProcesses.get(i).processName, 0);
if ((app.flags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_UPDATED_SYSTEM_APP) == 1) {
//it's a system app, not interested
} else if ((app.flags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM) == 1) {
//Discard this one
//in this case, it should be a user-installed app
} else {
// tx = TrafficStats.getUidTxBytes(app.uid);
//rx = TrafficStats.getUidRxBytes(app.uid);
long delta_rx = TrafficStats.getUidRxBytes(app.uid) - rx;
long delta_tx = TrafficStats.getUidTxBytes(app.uid) - tx;
}
}
To access an individual app stats you will need the uid of that app, which is an int value assigned by the system to each app at install time.
PackageManager packageManager = context.getPackageManager();
ApplicationInfo info = packageManager.getApplicationInfo("com.example.app", 0);
int packageUid = info.uid;
To get all Rx and Tx bytes of Mobile for package :
NetworkStats.Bucket bucket = networkStatsManager.queryDetailsForUid(ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE, getSubscriberId(context, ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE), 0, System.currentTimeMillis(),packageUid);
long rxBytes = 0L;
long txBytes = 0L;
NetworkStats.Bucket bucket = new NetworkStats.Bucket();
while (networkStats.hasNextBucket()) {
networkStats.getNextBucket(bucket);
rxBytes += bucket.getRxBytes();
txBytes += bucket.getTxBytes();
}
networkStats.close();
For more clarification about this, check:
How do I programmatically show data usage of all applications?
After a long struggle,I am able to find the Solution for getting data over any interface for each installed Application in android
device.
As Android provides TrafficStats Apis but these APIs are providing comple Data stastics for each app uid since device boot and Even
APIs are not supporting to get the data over any interface for a particular application.
Even if we rely over TraffiucStates APIS ,we get a new data statstics for each Application.
So I thought to use the hidden APIs to USe this..
Here I am mentioning the Steps to get the data statstics for each application over any Interface in Android...
Estabalish a "INetworkStatsSession" session
#import android.net.INetworkStatsSession;
INetworkStatsSession mStatsSession = mStatsService.openSession();
Create a Network Templeate according to interafce which you want to measure..
#import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateEthernet;
#import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateMobile3gLower;
#import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateMobile4g;
#import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateMobileAll;
#import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateWifiWildcard;
#import android.net.NetworkTemplate;
private NetworkTemplate mTemplate;
mTemplate = buildTemplateMobileAll(getActiveSubscriberId(this
.getApplicationContext()));
GetActive SubcriberID:
private static String getActiveSubscriberId(Context context) {
final TelephonyManager tele = TelephonyManager.from(context);
final String actualSubscriberId = tele.getSubscriberId();
return SystemProperties.get(TEST_SUBSCRIBER_PROP, actualSubscriberId);
}
Collect the network HIStory of respective application byt passing application UIDs...
private NetworkStatsHistory collectHistoryForUid(NetworkTemplate template,
int uid, int set) throws RemoteException {
final NetworkStatsHistory history = mStatsSession.getHistoryForUid(
template, uid, set, TAG_NONE, FIELD_RX_BYTES | FIELD_TX_BYTES);
return history;
}
Get the total Consumption data:
public void showConsuption(int UID){
NetworkStatsHistory history = collectHistoryForUid(mTemplate, UID,
SET_DEFAULT);
Log.i(DEBUG_TAG, "load:::::SET_DEFAULT:.getTotalBytes:"+ Formatter.formatFileSize(context, history.getTotalBytes()));
history = collectHistoryForUid(mTemplate, 10093,
SET_FOREGROUND);
Log.i(DEBUG_TAG, "load::::SET_FOREGROUND::.getTotalBytes:"+ Formatter.formatFileSize(context, history.getTotalBytes()));
history = collectHistoryForUid(mTemplate, 10093,
SET_ALL);
Log.i(DEBUG_TAG, "load::::SET_ALL::.getTotalBytes:"+ Formatter.formatFileSize(context, history.getTotalBytes()));
}