Develop Reference

when i created scroll view like this it's not working why...?

I created scroll view like this but its not working why i don't know please help me.when i did like this i'm getting error like this:Exception raised during rendering: Scroll View can host only one direct child.please help me how can i solve this problem .
enter code here
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context="com.example.jeshtamsru.tntrains.DashboarsActivity">
<ScrollView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal">
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:width="300sp"
android:gravity="center"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="chennai to coimbatore"/>
</RelativeLayout>
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal">
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:width="300sp"
android:gravity="center"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="chennai to coimbatore"/>
</RelativeLayout>
</ScrollView>

If you are using Scroll view then it allows only one direct children. And as per how it works, it scrolls the child which is getting more space than available.
In your scenario Relative layout is not taking too much space to support scroll. And their are some basic errors in your layout also, like never give a button width in sp.
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context="com.example.jeshtamsru.tntrains.DashboarsActivity">
<ScrollView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical">
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal">
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:width="300dp"
android:gravity="center"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="chennai to coimbatore"/>
</RelativeLayout>
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal">
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:width="300sp"
android:gravity="center"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="chennai to coimbatore"/>
</RelativeLayout>
</LinearLayout>
</ScrollView>
</LinearLayout>
Hope it will help :)

Scroll View can host only one direct child error itself says everything.
You have taken 2 RelativeLayout inside ScrollView, it must have atmost one child.
A ScrollView is a FrameLayout, meaning you should place one child in
it containing the entire contents to scroll
reference

Scroll View can host only one direct child
Wrap your layouts inside your scrollview inside a relative or linear layout.
<ScrollView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<RelativeLayout
... (stuff you had inside your ScrollView)
</RelativeLayout>
</ScrollView>

Nested Layouts inside Linear Layout (vertical) - Ensuring the last nested layout displays its contents

I have a linear-layout (vertically-oriented) that contains two nested linear layouts inside of it.
The first linear-layout has a background image that is applied dynamically based on the context o the particular activity. The image pretty much takes up the whole size of the screen
The second linear-layout contains two checkboxes (horizontally-oriented) that should be displayed at the bottom of the activity.
My question is, how can I ensure that the second linear-layout displays at the bottom of the screen and just shows the minimal amount it needs to, allowing the first linear-layout to display as much as its background image as possible? Currently it's being pushed off the screen by the first LL's bg image.
Thank you.

Using Weight you can do what you want:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:background="#FF0000"
android:layout_weight="1"
>
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:background="#00FF00"
android:layout_weight="1"
>
<CheckBox
android:id="#+id/checkBox1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="CheckBox" />
<CheckBox
android:id="#+id/checkBox2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="CheckBox" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

You can use RelativeLayout as the outer layout instead of LinearLayout
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="#+id/mainLayout"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/bottomLayout"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
...
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/topLayout"
android:layout_above="#id/bottomLayout"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
...
</LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>

<LinearLayout
... >
<LinearLayout
...
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
>
...
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
...
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
>
...
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
Notice on the weighted layout, the height is set to "0dp". With only one weighted, the weighted one will stretch to fit the rest of the available area.

Android ScrollView and buttons at bottom of the screen

I want to implement this: A ScrollView that contains many elements (ImageViews, TextViews, EditTexts etc) and then after the ScrollView some buttons (which are custom ImageViews) that appear always exactly at the bottom of the screen.
If I use the android:fillViewport="true" attribute, then if the elements of the ScrollView are too big to fit in the screen size the buttons get invisible . If I use the android:Weight=1 attribute then the ScrollView gets only 50% of the Screen when the screen is big and it can fit (I want the buttons to take a small percentage, about 10%). If I set the android:Weight to bigger values then the buttons appear very small.
Please help! Maybe it is something simple that I overlooked but I’ve been banging my head for hours!

Just created and tested it. Looks like you want.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/buttons"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:gravity="center"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true">
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Custom Button1"/>
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Custom Button2"/>
</LinearLayout>
<ScrollView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_above="#id/buttons">
<!--Scrollable content here-->
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:text="test text"
android:textSize="40dp"/>
</LinearLayout>
</ScrollView>
</RelativeLayout>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<ScrollView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Hello World"
/>
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Hallo Welt"
/>
</LinearLayout>
</ScrollView>
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="0">
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Go next page"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true" />
</RelativeLayout>
</LinearLayout>

This worked for me. Give the scroll view a weight of 1. Put all the other widgets following the scroll view in a layout. The scroll view will grow enough to not block the rest.
Widgets in scroll view and rest at bottom

scrollview cannot fit the screen because you put it on a linear layout, so linear layout fit in the screen,
just try to make scrollview as root elemen on xml layout
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ScrollView
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="#+id/scrollView1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/linearLayout1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
<!-- Here you can put some XML stuff and BOOM! your screen fit to scrollview -->
</LinearLayout>
</ScrollView>

If you do not want to use RelativeLayout, it is better to use LinearLayout. This method is better in my opinion.
Just set the layout_weight to one

Stacking two different views with different sizes on a layout

I've searched for an answer for this all over but the solutions offered did not solve my problem.
I have a layout where I display some views (a few buttons and a background). To this i've added a custom control i've made extending linear layout. This control is displayed above the layout quite nicely.
What I wish to do is add an additional ImageView which is larger than this control but it will be in front of it.
edited: Sorry, I hope this will clear things up.
I have one large layout (Relative) for my activity, I would like to stack on this layout two additional views\layout so the final version will be the picture attached:
This is my layout - which stacks the imageview right on the menubar, and not over the others. Trying to put the FrameLayout elsewhere still didn't give me the wanted result.
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:background="#drawable/background">
<RelativeLayout android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="450dip">
<com.myproject.controls.SearchControl
android:id="#+id/scSearch"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
/>
<ExpandableListView android:id="#+id/lstItems"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="#id/scSearch"
android:layout_marginLeft="26dip"
/>
</RelativeLayout>
<FrameLayout android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
<com.myproject.controls.MenubarMain
android:id="#+id/mbMenuBarMain"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="bottom"
/>
<ImageView android:src="#drawable/myicon"
android:layout_width="200dip"
android:layout_height="200dip"
/>
</FrameLayout>
</LinearLayout>

Not sure it this will work or not cause I'm typing this up at work. But moral of the story here is get used to using RelativeLayout. You have much more control over your layout.
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:background="#drawable/background">
<com.myproject.controls.MenubarMain
android:id="#+id/mbMenuBarMain"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true">
</com.myproject.controls.MenubarMain>
<com.myproject.controls.SearchControl
android:id="#+id/scSearch"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true">
</com.myproject.controls.SearchControl>
<ExpandableListView android:id="#+id/lstItems"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="#id/scSearch"
android:layout_above="#id/mbMenuBarMain"
android:layout_paddingLeft="26dp"/>
<ImageView android:src="#drawable/myicon"
android:layout_width="200dp"
android:layout_height="200dp"
android:layout_alignBottom="#id/mbMenuBarMain"
android:layout_alignRight="#id/mbMenuBarMain"/>
</RelativeLayout>

Android: How can you align a button at the bottom and listview above?

I want to have a button at the bottom of the listview.
If I use relativeLayout/FrameLayout, it aligns but listView goes down to very botton.
(Behind the button at the bottom)
FrameLayout:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
<ListView
android:id="#+id/listview"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
/>
<FrameLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true">
<Button
android:id="#+id/btnButton"
android:text="Hello"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="bottom" />
</FrameLayout>
</FrameLayout>
RelativeLayout:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
<ListView
android:id="#+id/listview"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
/>
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true">
<Button
android:id="#+id/btnButton"
android:text="Hello"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="bottom" />
</RelativeLayout>
</RelativeLayout>
Above two codes only work like the first image. What I want is second image.
Can anybody help?
Thank you.

A FrameLayouts purpose is to overlay things on top of each other. This is not what you want.
In your RelativeLayout example you set the ListViews height and width to MATCH_PARENT this is going to make it take up the same amount of space as its parent, and thus take up all of the space on the page (and covers the button).
Try something like:
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<ListView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0dip"
android:layout_weight="1"/>
<Button
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="0"/>
</LinearLayout>
The layout_weight dictates how the extra space is to be used. The Button does not want to stretch beyond the space it requires, so it has a weight of 0. The ListView wants to take up all of the extra space, so it has a weight of 1.
You could accomplish something similar using a RelativeLayout, but if it is just these two items then I think a LinearLayout is simpler.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:background="#ffffff"
>
<ListView android:id="#+id/ListView01"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1">
</ListView>
<FrameLayout android:id="#+id/FrameLayout01"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<Button android:id="#+id/Button01"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="button"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal">
</Button>
</FrameLayout>
</LinearLayout>
Here is the design you are looking for.
Try it.

I needed two buttons side-by-side at the bottom. I used a horizontal linear layout, but assigning android:layout_height="0dp" and android:layout_weight="0" for the buttons' linear layout didn't work. Assigning android:layout_height="wrap_content" for just the buttons' linear layout did. Here's my working layout:
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<ListView
android:id="#+id/listView1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1" />
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<Button
android:id="#+id/new_button"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="New" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/suggest_button"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="Suggest" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

RelativeLayout will ignore its children android:layout_width or android:layout_height attributes, if the children have attributes that properly define their left and right or top and bottom values, respectively.
To achieve the result on the right image, showing the list above the button, your layout should look like this:
<RelativeLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
android:id="#android:id/list"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_above="#android:id/button1"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"/>
<Button
android:id="#android:id/button1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:text="#android:string/ok"/>
</RelativeLayout>
The key is to define android:layout_alignParentTop (defines top value) and android:layout_above (defines bottom value) in your RecyclerView. This way, RelativeLayout will ignore android:layout_height="match_parent", and the RecyclerView will be placed above the Button.
Also, make sure you look into android:layout_alignWithParentIfMissing, if you have a more complex layout and you still need to define these values.

I am using Xamarin Android, and my requirement is exactly the same as William T. Mallard, above, i.e. a ListView with 2 side-by-side buttons under it.
The solution is this answer didn't work in Xamarin Studio however - when I set the height of the ListView to "0dp", the ListView simply disappeared.
My working Xamarin Android code is as follows:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
<ListView
android:id="#+id/ListView1"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:layout_above="#+id/ButtonsLinearLayout" />
<LinearLayout
android:id="#id/ButtonsLinearLayout"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true">
<Button
android:id="#+id/Button1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/Button2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1" />
</LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>
I aligned ButtonsLinearLayout to the bottom of the screen, and set the ListView to be above ButtonsLinearLayout.

#jclova one more thing you can do is use layout-below=#+id/listviewid in relative layout

In your relative layout height of listview is match_parent which is fill_parent(for 2.1 and older) so best solution is if you want to use relative layout then first Declare your button then your list view, make list view position as above your button id, If you want button always at bottom then make it alignParentBottom..
Snippet is
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:id="#+id/rl1"><Button
android:layout_width="MATCH_PARENT"
android:layout_height="WRAP_CONTENT"
/><ListView
android:layout_width="MATCH_PARENT"
android:layout_height="0"
android:layout_above="#id/listview"/></RelativeLayout>
This prevents your list view taking whole place and make your button appear..

This will be the best and the most simple solution to the problem. Just add android:layout_above="#id/nameOfId" in the layout that you want to move above with respect to that layout.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="com.sumeru.commons.activity.CommonDocumentUploadActivity">
<ListView
android:id="#+id/documentList"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_above="#id/verifyOtp" />
<com.sumeru.commons.helper.CustomButton
android:id="#+id/verifyOtp"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:text="#string/otp_verification" />
</RelativeLayout>