Android: Stop/Start service depending on WiFi state? - android

In the android application that I'm designing, my service only needs to be running when the device is connected to the router (via WiFi obviously).
I'm really new to android, and what I've got so far has taken me forever to Achieve, so I'm really hoping for some pointers.
My service is set to start up when the phone starts up. Also when the Activity is launched it checks whether the service is running - and if not it starts it.
I'm just wondering what code I can put into my service to make it turn off if the WiFi state is lost - and what code I need to make the service start once a WiFi connection becomes active?
Thanks! :)

You can create a BroadcastReceiver that handles wifi connection changes.
To be more precise, you will want to create a class - say NetWatcher:
public class NetWatcher extends BroadcastReceiver {
#Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
//here, check that the network connection is available. If yes, start your service. If not, stop your service.
ConnectivityManager cm = (ConnectivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
NetworkInfo info = cm.getActiveNetworkInfo();
if (info != null) {
if (info.isConnected()) {
//start service
Intent intent = new Intent(context, MyService.class);
context.startService(intent);
}
else {
//stop service
Intent intent = new Intent(context, MyService.class);
context.stopService(intent);
}
}
}
}
(changing MyService to the name of your service).
Also, in your AndroidManifest, you need to add the following lines:
<receiver android:name="com.example.android.NetWatcher">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE"/>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
(changing com.example.android to the name of your package).

As #Phil stated, you should extend BroadcastReceiver, and in onReceive method start or stop the service. Something like:
class ConnectionChangeReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
#Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
ConnectivityManager connectivityManager = (ConnectivityManager) context
.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
NetworkInfo activeNetInfo = connectivityManager.getActiveNetworkInfo();
if (activeNetInfo != null && activeNetInfo.getType() == ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI) {
//start service
} else {
//stop service
}
}
}
You can make this a private class of your activity, and register receiver on activity create, and unregister it on activity destroy.

More useful information is provided here: Determining and Monitoring the Connectivity Status

To start/stop your service when supplicant Wifi state is ok/nok:
register a BroadcastReceiver to recieve WIFI state change broadcasted intents
inside your BroadCastReceiver check the intent validity then start your service
So register your broadcast receiver to receive WifiManager.SUPPLICANT_CONNECTION_CHANGE_ACTION.
Add permission android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE or android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE. I'm not sure if it is necessary or not.
Then a sample broadcast receiver code could be:
public class MyWifiStatereceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
//Other stuff here
#Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
Intent srvIntent = new Intent();
srvIntent.setClass(MyService.class);
boolean bWifiStateOk = false;
if (WifiManager.SUPPLICANT_CONNECTION_CHANGE_ACTION.equals(intent.getAction()) {
//check intents and service to know if all is ok then set bWifiStateOk accordingly
bWifiStateOk = ...
} else {
return ; // do nothing ... we're not in good intent context doh !
}
if (bWifiStateOk) {
context.startService(srvIntent);
} else {
context.stopService(srvIntent);
}
}
}

Related

BroadcastReceiver Not Working When App is removed from recent app list

I have a Class "ConnectivityChangeReceiver" Class which extends BroadCastReceiver:
public class ConnectivityChangeReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
#Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
Intent intentPostTelemetry = new Intent(context.getApplicationContext(), PostTelemetryData.class);
intentPostTelemetry.putExtra("isNetworkConnected", isConnected(context));
context.startService(intentPostTelemetry);
}
public boolean isConnected(Context context) {
ConnectivityManager connectivityManager = ((ConnectivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE));
NetworkInfo networkInfo = connectivityManager.getActiveNetworkInfo();
return networkInfo != null && networkInfo.isAvailable() && networkInfo.isConnected();
}
}
This ConnectivityChangeReceiver class calls PostTemetryData
public class PostTelemetryData extends IntentService {
public PostTelemetryData() {
super("PostTelemetryData");
}
#Override
protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {
Bundle extras = intent.getExtras();
boolean isNetworkConnected = extras.getBoolean("isNetworkConnected");
if (isNetworkConnected == true) {
SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = getApplicationContext().getSharedPreferences("TelemetryInfo", 0);
String telemetryDetailsInfo = sharedPreferences.getString("TelemetryDetailsInfo", null);
if (telemetryDetailsInfo != null && !telemetryDetailsInfo.isEmpty()) {
saveTelemetryData(telemetryDetailsInfo);
}
}
// your code
}}
And in manifest i add following codes:
<receiver android:name=".ConnectivityChangeReceiver">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
<service android:name=".PostTelemetryData"/>
This Broad Cast Receiver starts when connectivity changed.
Everything is working fine when the app is running.But When the app is closed and removed from the recent app list Then The Broadcast Receiver is not working So i can not save Data. So please help me out from this situation.
Thanks in advance.
The problem could be that your device is going to sleep after onReceive() is done, hence your IntentService is not getting to do its thing.
Try using this - https://github.com/commonsguy/cwac-wakeful
More simply, we acquire WakeLock in the onReceive() method of BroadcastReceiver, then start the service and release the wakelock in the onHandleIntent() method of IntentService.
Let me know if this works.
You really cannot do what you are trying to do. There is no way to keep your application running forever, and you can only catch ACTION_BATTERY_* where your app is running.

In-Application BroadcastReceiver

Can anybody tell me a way to create an in-application BroadcastReceiver? I have created BroadcastReceiver which Toasts a message. It works even when the application is in background state, I want it to work only when application is in foreground.
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
this.registerReceiver(this.mConnReceiver, new IntentFilter(
ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION));
}
private BroadcastReceiver mConnReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
boolean noConnectivity = intent.getBooleanExtra(
ConnectivityManager.EXTRA_NO_CONNECTIVITY, false);
String reason = intent
.getStringExtra(ConnectivityManager.EXTRA_REASON);
boolean isFailover = intent.getBooleanExtra(
ConnectivityManager.EXTRA_IS_FAILOVER, false);
NetworkInfo currentNetworkInfo = (NetworkInfo) intent
.getParcelableExtra(ConnectivityManager.EXTRA_NETWORK_INFO);
NetworkInfo otherNetworkInfo = (NetworkInfo) intent
.getParcelableExtra(ConnectivityManager.EXTRA_OTHER_NETWORK_INFO);
if (currentNetworkInfo.isConnected()) {
System.out.println("Connected");
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Connected",
Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
} else {
System.out.println("Not Connected");
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Not Connected",
Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
};
}
So here is my code which is checking network state and generating a BroadcastReceiver. I haven't added anything in manifest.
There are a number of ways to do this. The first 2 I can think of are like this:
If your <receiver> is declared in the manifest with an <intent-filter>, you can enable it and disable it from your application so that it is only enabled when the app is in the foreground. To do this, initially set the receiver disabled by adding android:enabled="false" to the manifest entry for <receiver>.
Now, when your app is running, in onResume() you want to enable the receiver. Use PackageManager.setComponentEnabledSetting() to do this. When your activity goes to the background, in onPause() you can disable the receiver again.
Dynamically register and unregister the receiver. For this you don't need to declare the receiver in the manifest. In your application, create an instance of your BroadcastReceiver and in onResume() call registerReceiver() with the appropriate intent filter. When the app goes to the background, in onPause() call unregisterReceiver() to remove it. The receiver will only receive calls to onReceive() while the app is in the foreground.
see Context.registerReceiver() and Context.unregisterReceiver()

Pause IntentService based on connectivity (Queue Intents)

After consulting Stackoverflow a lot I found this solution:
https://stackoverflow.com/a/11401196/2440358
Now I'm already using an IntentService which is handling the communication with the server and I've implemented a BroadcastReceiver which is looking for the current connectivity state.
IntentService:
public class CommunicationService extends IntentService {
public CommunicationService() {
super(CommunicationService.class.getName());
}
#Override
protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {
String kind = intent.getExtras().getString("kind");
if ("LocationUpdate".equals(kind)) {
// send current Location to the server
}
}
BroadcastReceiver:
public class NetworkChangeReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
#Override
public void onReceive(final Context context, final Intent intent) {
checkConnectionState(context);
}
public static boolean checkConnectionState(final Context context) {
final ConnectivityManager connectivityManager = (ConnectivityManager) context
.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
NetworkInfo activeNetworkInfo = connectivityManager
.getActiveNetworkInfo();
Intent intent = new Intent(context, CommunicationService.class);
intent.putExtra("kind", "");
if (activeNetworkInfo != null && activeNetworkInfo.isConnected()) {
// start service
context.startService(intent);
return true;
} else {
// stop service
context.stopService(intent);
return false;
}
}
}
That's all working like a charm, but I don't know how to bring those two together like mentioned in the link above. I really would like to use that mentioned automatic queueing of the IntentService without.
Is there an easy way to make use of the IntentServices queueing and make it queue everything until the connectivity comes back?
Thanks in advance for your help :)
Edit: Now I solved it in a kinda dirty hack. The Application itself has a queue now, where the intents are added to in case they go wrong (internet connection loss during execution) or when there is no internet connection at all. The intents from that queue will be started again in the broadcastreceivers onReceive() when internet connection is available. I hope it helps someone ;)

Why BroadcastReceiver works even when app is in background ?

I am checking Internet connectivity in my app using BroadcastReceiver and I show an alert dialog if the connection is lost. It works fine. But my problem is that BroadcastReceiver works even if my app is in backgroung. So dialog pops up when internet connection is lost even if user is in some other app. This is totally ruining my app.
Has anyone got any idea how to restrict Broadcast receiver in the app only?
Here is my BroadcastReceiver :
public class ConnectivityChangedReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
#Override
public void onReceive( Context context, Intent intent )
{
ConnectivityManager connectivityManager = (ConnectivityManager) context.getSystemService( Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE );
NetworkInfo networkInfo = connectivityManager.getActiveNetworkInfo();
if (networkInfo != null && networkInfo.isConnected()) {
} else {
try{
Intent i=new Intent(context, InternetDialogActivity.class);
i.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
context.startActivity(i);
} catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
And the activity is:
public class InternetDialogActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{
#Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.internet_dialog_box);
getWindow().setLayout(LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
Button retryButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.retryInternetButton);
retryButton.setOnClickListener(this);
}
public boolean checkConnectivity(){
ConnectivityManager connectivityManager = (ConnectivityManager) getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
NetworkInfo networkInfo = connectivityManager.getActiveNetworkInfo();
if (networkInfo!=null && networkInfo.isConnected()) {
finish();
return true;
} else {
Intent intent = getIntent();
finish();
startActivity(intent);
return false;
}
}
#Override
public void onClick(View view) {
switch(view.getId()){
case R.id.retryInternetButton:
try{
checkConnectivity();
} catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
break;
}
}
}
Here is how I declared receiver and activity in manifest:
<receiver android:name="com.lisnx.service.ConnectivityChangedReceiver"
android:label="NetworkConnection">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE"/>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
<activity android:name="com.lisnx.activity.InternetDialogActivity"
android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden"
android:theme="#android:style/Theme.Dialog" />
I have read that we can restrict BroadcastReceiver to work within the app by not declaring it in the manifest. But I don't know how will receiver work then? Please help me. I am stuck on it badly. Thanx in advance.
A BroadcastReceiver works when the app is in the background because the event that the receiver picks up are sent globally, and each app is registered to listen in on these, regardless of whether or not it is running.
To deal with this, in your BroadcastReceiver's onReceive code, check if your app is in the foreground.
There is one--and only one that I know of--consistently effective method to do this. You need to keep track of your pause/resume actions for your application. Ensure that you check this in every activity.
There is some sample code in this answer (solution #1). In your case, you would want to check MyApplication.isActivityVisible() == true as a validation before doing anything from your BroadcastReceiver.
Have you tried to remove the Intent filter from the manifest and register/unregister it in activity? So you can try to register Intent filter in onStart() and unregister it on onStop() methods. The code goes somethink like this:
static final String ACTION = "android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE";
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(ACTION);
this.registerReceiver(ConnectivityChangedReceiver, filter);
unregisterReceiver(ConnectivityChangedReceiver);
You should also learn about Activity Lifecycle, if it's not familiar yet.
You should register/unregister your BroadcastReceiver in onPause() and onResume() of each activity. Then you know that the receiver is only "listening" when your app is in the foreground. You can easily do that by creating your own BaseActivity that extends Activity and overrides onPause() and onResume() and registers/unregisters your receiver. Just have all your activities extend BaseActivity and have them call through to super.onResume() and super.onPause() as usual. Here's example code:
public class BaseActivity extends Activity {
// Create an IntentFilter to listen for connectivity change events
static IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter("android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE");
// Create an instance of our BroadcastReceiver
static ConnectivityChangedReceiver receiver = new ConnectivityChangedReceiver();
#Override
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
// Stop listening for connectivity change events
unregisterReceiver(receiver);
}
#Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
// Listen for connectivity change events
registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
}
}
All your activities should extend BaseActivity and if they need to do anything special in onResume() or onPause() just make sure to call through to super.onXXXXX() like this:
public MyActivity extends BaseActivity {
#Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
// Here you do whatever you need to do in onResume() of your activity
...
}
#Override
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
// Here you do whatever you need to do in onPause() of your activity
...
}
}
I didn't run the code through a compiler so I apologize if there's a typo or I missed something.
I think you will have to make sure that you are not using the receiver when app is in background. For that you will have to use every activities onPause() and onResume() methods.
As far as I know, if Broadcast receiver is registered inside manifest.xml then broadcast receiver exists as long as application exists. Also, Dynamically registered receivers (that means, Register your BroadcastReceiver programmatically) are called on the UI thread. This means that your receivers blocks any UI handling and thus the onReceive() method should be as fast as possible.
However, I will try to discuss information about Broadcast Receiver. But, first should know some information. Firstly, Broadcast receiver is a standalone application component which means it will continue running even when other application component are not running. That's why we unregister broadcast receiver in onPause on the activity. Also, Developer should register this in Activity.onResume() implementation.
Secondly, Developer should not unregister in Activity.onSaveInstanceState(), because this won't be called if the user moves back in the history stack. I have put that information from BroadcastReceiver documentation.
Another point is that a BroadcastReceiver object is only valid for the duration of the call to onReceive(). As soon as the onReceive() method is finished, your BroadcastReceiver terminates.
Now, how to register your receiver programmatically:
public abstract Intent registerReceiver (BroadcastReceiver receiver, IntentFilter filter)
Here, BroadcastReceiver- receiver will be call when any broadcast intent match with filter.
And IntentFilter- Intent specifies which event your receiver should listen to.
Register:
YourConnectionListener receiver;
this.reciever = new YourConnectionListener();
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
filter.addAction(WifiManager.NETWORK_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION);
filter.addAction(ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION);
registerReceiver(this.reciever, filter);
Sent your Broadcast Info:
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.putExtra("Message", "Your connectivity info has Changed!!");
this.sendBroadcast(intent);
Receiver:
Now, need to receive the Broadcast. Android calls the onReceive() method on all registered broadcast receivers whenever the event occurs. Say you want to be notified whenever the connection is changed.
public class YourConnectionListener extends BroadcastReceiver {
#Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent){
// your Code
}
}
onReceive() has two arguments:
context: The Context object you can use to access additional information or to start services or activities.
intent: Intent used to register your receiver. This object contains additional information that you can use in your implementation.
Additionally, Developer should avoid any long-lasting tasks in your BroadcastReceiver. So, In statically and dynamically registered receivers, Developer should do minor tasks in the receiver itself.For any longer tasks you should start a service from within your receiver.
To make a Broadcast Receiver that fires only when you app is running follow the below code.
1. Create your Broadcast Receiver like this:
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
public class InternetStatusNotifier extends BroadcastReceiver{
#Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
//Recieve notification here
}
}
2. Make an activity or fragment where you want the Broadcast Receiver to work like this:
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private InternetStatusNotifier mInternetStatusNotifier;
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
mInternetStatusNotifier = new InternetStatusNotifier();
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
}
#Override
protected void onResume() {
registerReceiver(mInternetStatusNotifier, new IntentFilter(
"android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE"));
super.onResume();
}
#Override
protected void onPause() {
unregisterReceiver(mInternetStatusNotifier);
super.onPause();
}
Note: That is how you use broadcasts receiver in a screen specific manner. Only the screen displaying will receive broadcasts in this way. When you register broadcast using manifest file then they are even received when app is closed
That is the way broadcast receivers work in Android. If you register for a broadcast in the manifest and your app is not running, Android will start a new process to handle the broadcast. It is generally a bad idea to directly show a UI from a broadcast receiver, because this may interrupt other apps. I'm also not convinced that a universal 'connection lost' dialog is a good idea either. This should probably be handled by each activity that uses network access.
As for the original question, you need to disable your receiver when your activity goes in the background (onPause(), etc.) and enable it when you come to the foreground (onResume(), etc). Put enabled=false in your manifest and then use something like this in your code to toggle it as necessary:
public static void toggle(Context context, boolean enable) {
int flag = enable ? PackageManager.COMPONENT_ENABLED_STATE_ENABLED
: PackageManager.COMPONENT_ENABLED_STATE_DISABLED;
ComponentName receiver = new ComponentName(context,
ConnectivityMonitor.class);
context.getPackageManager().setComponentEnabledSetting(receiver, flag,
PackageManager.DONT_KILL_APP);
}
A simple way of finding whether the app is in foreground or not
if((mContext.getPackageName().equalsIgnoreCase(
((ActivityManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE))
.getRunningTasks(1).get(0).topActivity.getPackageName())))
{
//app is in foreground;
}
I better suggest you to check the internet setting from the application when someone opens it, here is the piece of code how i do it.
public static boolean isNetworkConnected(Context ctx) {
ConnectivityManager cm = (ConnectivityManager) ctx.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
NetworkInfo ni = cm.getActiveNetworkInfo();
if (ni == null) {
return false; // There are no active networks.
} else
return true;
}

android communicate between activity and broadcast receiver

I have an activity which displays some data fetched from the server. If no connection is available, activity displays some cached data; if connection is available, activity fetches data and displays it. It all works as expected.
Now, I would like to make my activity reload the data as soon as the connection occurs. I am using a simple Receiver that extends the BroadcastReceiver:
public class ConnectionChangeReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
#Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
ConnectivityManager connectivityManager = (ConnectivityManager) context
.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
NetworkInfo activeNetInfo = connectivityManager.getActiveNetworkInfo();
if (activeNetInfo != null) {
//what to do here?
}
}
}
Broadcast receiver is declared in my manifest file as follows:
<receiver android:name=".ConnectionChangeReceiver"
android:label="NetworkConnection">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE"/>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
In my activity, I register the receiver:
ConnectionChangeReceiver receiver = new ConnectionChangeReceiver();
this.registerReceiver(receiver,
new IntentFilter(ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION));
Now, I am confused as what to do next. When onReceive method is executed, how to make my activity aware of that? I know I could start a new activity, but that's not really what I want. Should I declare ConnectionChangeReceiver as a private class of my activity? Or is there any other solution?
I think building the receiver as a private subclass of your activity is the way to go here. This way you can control events and data from your activity. Then you can just create one instance of it and register the receiver from code as you did above.
Note that you don't have to register your receiver in both the manifest and code. One of these is enugh - the manifest is basically a "static" registration while doing it in code allows dynamic registration at runtime. Also when you register in the manifest, a new instance of your receiver will automatically be created from the system, executed and terminated. Doing the reg in code allows to point to one specific instance.
Interface Approach!
You can communicate via an interface as well. This approach works even
if your BroadcastReceiver is in a seperate file. You will not even
have to access UI elements of Activity in the Broadcast.
Its pretty Straightforward. Just follow these 3 simple steps.
1) Create an interface
public interface MyListerner{
public void performSomething(String arg);
}
2) Initialize the Listener in ConnectionChangeReceiver
public class ConnectionChangeReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
private MyListerner listener;
#Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
listener = (MyListerner )context; // initialse
ConnectivityManager connectivityManager = (ConnectivityManager) context
.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
NetworkInfo activeNetInfo = connectivityManager.getActiveNetworkInfo();
if (activeNetInfo != null) {
listener.performSomething("Some data"); // Call listener method
}
}
}
3) Implement the interface and Override the method in your Activity
public class YourActivity implements MyListerner{
// Activity relate stuff onCreate() etc
public void updateUI(String result){
// Your code to update UI
}
#Override
public void performSomething(String arg){
updateUI(arg);
}
}
Relevant Links:
You can read in detail Why using an interface is a preferred approach in this case

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