Device Policy Administrator unable to retrieve Device Policy - android

I'm trying to get a Device Policy Manager to work, but i get stuck when i try to enable it. Googled a lot and already getting agressive about that error:
10-05 10:39:07.147: WARN/DeviceAdminAdd(144): Unable to retrieve device policy ComponentInfo{test.devadmin/test.devadmin.DeviceAdmin$MyDeviceAdminReceiver}
10-05 10:39:07.147: WARN/DeviceAdminAdd(144): android.content.pm.PackageManager$NameNotFoundException: ComponentInfo{test.devadmin/test.devadmin.DeviceAdmin$MyDeviceAdminReceiver}
Manifest:
<application android:icon="#drawable/icon" android:label="#string/app_name">
<activity android:name=".DeviceAdmin" android:label="#string/app_name">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity android:name=".app.DeviceAdmin$Controller"
android:label="#string/activity_sample_device_admin">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.SAMPLE_CODE" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<receiver android:name="MyDeviceAdminReceiver"
android:label="#string/app_label"
android:permission="android.permission.BIND_DEVICE_ADMIN">
<meta-data android:name="android.app.device_admin"
android:resource="#xml/device_admin" />
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.app.action.DEVICE_ADMIN_ENABLED" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
</application>
</manifest>
device_admin.xml
<device-admin xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<uses-policies>
<limit-password />
<watch-login />
<reset-password />
<force-lock />
<wipe-data />
</uses-policies>
</device-admin>
enabling method
public void enable() {
if (!mDPM.isAdminActive(mDeviceAdmin)) {
Intent intent = new Intent(
DevicePolicyManager.ACTION_ADD_DEVICE_ADMIN);
intent.putExtra(DevicePolicyManager.EXTRA_DEVICE_ADMIN,
mDeviceAdmin);
intent.putExtra(DevicePolicyManager.EXTRA_ADD_EXPLANATION,
"Additional text explaining why this needs to be added.");
startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_ENABLE);
} else {
mDPM.lockNow();
}
Reciever Class is basicly the same as found here: http://developer.android.com/resources/samples/ApiDemos/src/com/example/android/apis/app/DeviceAdminSample.html
http://rootfs.wordpress.com/2010/09/09/android-make-your-application-a-device-administrator/
any help or advice would be much appreciated!

Check your receiver name <receiver android:name="MyDeviceAdminReceiver"
I think you forgotten to add . before the receiver name:
<receiver android:name=".MyDeviceAdminReceiver"

I think if you recheck your DeviceAdmin java file the receiver name you are trying to extend is different than the one you are specifying in the android manifest.xml file. Just a wild guess as you have not shown your DeviveAdmin java file

I have been struggling with this issue for the last day... Just came across my own issue. My issue was in my componentName
I was doing my constructor such as:
val adminName = ComponentName(this, ::DeviceAdminReceiver.javaClass)
and finally noticed I was receiving a Warning about Public constructors
PackageManager.NameNotFoundException... A quick shift to
val adminName = ComponentName("com.project.myApp", "com.project.myApp.DeviceAdminReceiver")
and everything worked immediately.

Related

Your Main Activity class com.ryanheise.audioservice.AudioServiceActivity is not a subclass FlutterFragmentActivity

I'm trying to create music app uses just_audio & just_audio_background plugins, App is working fine but I'm trying to integrate Stripe from flutter_stripe plugin. I get an exception when click on checkout button. its look like class com.ryanheise.audioservice.AudioServiceActivity from just_audio_background conflicting with flutter_stripe plugin
Exception
Your Main Activity class com.ryanheise.audioservice.AudioServiceActivity is not a subclass FlutterFragmentActivity.
MainActivity.kt
package com.example.spotify
import io.flutter.embedding.android.FlutterActivity
import io.flutter.embedding.android.FlutterFragmentActivity
class MainActivity: FlutterFragmentActivity() {
}
AndroidManifest.xml
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.spotify"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE"/>
<application
android:label="spotify"
android:name="${applicationName}"
android:icon="#mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:usesCleartextTraffic="true">
<activity
android:name="com.ryanheise.audioservice.AudioServiceActivity"
android:exported="true"
android:launchMode="singleTop"
android:theme="#style/LaunchTheme"
android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden|keyboard|screenSize|smallestScreenSize|locale|layoutDirection|fontScale|screenLayout|density|uiMode"
android:hardwareAccelerated="true"
android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustResize">
<meta-data
android:name="io.flutter.embedding.android.NormalTheme"
android:resource="#style/NormalTheme"
/>
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<!-- Don't delete the meta-data below.
This is used by the Flutter tool to generate GeneratedPluginRegistrant.java -->
<meta-data
android:name="flutterEmbedding"
android:value="2" />
<service android:name="com.ryanheise.audioservice.AudioService"
android:foregroundServiceType="mediaPlayback"
android:exported="true" tools:ignore="Instantiatable">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.media.browse.MediaBrowserService" />
</intent-filter>
</service>
<!-- ADD THIS "RECEIVER" element -->
<receiver android:name="com.ryanheise.audioservice.MediaButtonReceiver"
android:exported="true" tools:ignore="Instantiatable">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MEDIA_BUTTON" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
</application>
</manifest>
`
I tried custom activity defining directly into menifest but its not work. please help me I'm newbie
You can try AudioServiceFragmentActivity instead of AudioServiceActivity. More information about the different ways to define an audio service activity can be found in the audio_service documentation.

RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED not received on Android 11

I'm rebooting the phone and I expect a log message. I've registered the BroadcastReceiver in Androidmanifest, but no message is being received. What am I Missing?
androidmanifest:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
<!-- Receives an event when the device has completed a reboot -->
<receiver
android:name=".BootReceiver"
android:enabled="true"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED"/>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT" />
<action android:name="android.intent.action.LOCKED_BOOT_COMPLETED" />
<action android:name="android.intent.action.QUICKBOOT_POWERON" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
BootReceiver:
class BootReceiver : BroadcastReceiver() {
override fun onReceive(p0: Context, p1: Intent) {
Log.i("BootReceiver", "Boot event received")
}
}
When I filter in the logging for "boot" I see several other apps logging the event, but not my own App:
I/NU.LockBootCompleteReceiver: onReceive : Intent { act=android.intent.action.LOCKED_BOOT_COMPLETED flg=0x89000010 cmp=com.samsung.android.app.telephonyui/.netsettings.ui.receiver.LockBootCompleteReceiver (has extras) }
I/BCL#CoreSvc: (CoreServiceComponentEnabler) updateComponent() : class com.samsung.android.bixby.receiver.token.BootCompleteReceiver | 2
I/BCL#CoreSvc: (CoreServiceComponentEnabler) updateComponent() : class com.samsung.android.bixby.receiver.token.LazyBootCompleteReceiver | 1
I/CIDManager: [onReceive(BootReceiver.java:20)] onReceive: android.intent.action.LOCKED_BOOT_COMPLETED
I/ActivityManager: Start proc 7201:com.samsung.android.game.gametools/u0a79 for broadcast {com.samsung.android.game.gametools/com.samsung.android.game.gametools.floatingui.receiver.GameBoosterBootCompleteReceiver}
I/GameTools: BootCompleteReceiver already enabled.
I/GameTools: GameBoosterBootCompleteReceiver: onReceive: Intent.ACTION_LOCKED_BOOT_COMPLETED
I/GameTools: GameBoosterBootCompleteReceiver: clear runtime settings on boot complete.
I/GameTools: GameBoosterBootCompleteReceiver: register Intent.ACTION_USER_UNLOCKED
I/GameTools: GameBoosterBootCompleteReceiver: register Intent.ACTION_USER_UNLOCKED via EventDelegationManager
I/ORC/FbeBootReceiver: onReceive : android.intent.action.LOCKED_BOOT_COMPLETED
I/ORC/FbeBootReceiver: FBE islocked : true
I/CS/MsgFMMReceiverService: PCW LOCK. handlePCWLockMessage. LockedBootComplete : true
I/CS/xmsFbeJobService: onLockedBootCompleted()
I/ORC/FbeMigrationJobService: onLockedBootCompleted()
I/StateUtils: isDirectBootMode On : true
I/PackageManager: !#Start postBootUpdate
I/PackageManager: !#Finish postBootUpdate dexopted: 3
Remove:
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
Categories are normally only used on activities, not broadcasts.
The code above is working fine.
I have checked on device ->
google pixel 4a, os 12
mi a1, os 11
i am able to see logs every time i reboot my device.
Try changing your device and test.
check the manifest.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.myapplication">
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="#mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="#string/app_name"
android:roundIcon="#mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="#style/Theme.MyApplication">
<activity
android:name=".MainActivity"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<receiver
android:name=".BootReceiver"
android:enabled="true"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED"/>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT" />
<action android:name="android.intent.action.LOCKED_BOOT_COMPLETED" />
<action android:name="android.intent.action.QUICKBOOT_POWERON" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
</application>
</manifest>

Android AIDL - Unable to start service Intent

The error I am receiving is
2022-01-28 11:10:42.186 1651-3045/? W/ActivityManager: Unable to start service Intent { act=nveeaidle pkg=com.rchan.nveeapplication } U=0: not found
I have ensured the following code in both my applications (client and server). In my server manifest:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.rchan.nveeapplication">
<uses-permission android:name="com.google.android.gms.permission.ACTIVITY_RECOGNITION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACTIVITY_RECOGNITION" />
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="#mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="#string/app_name"
android:roundIcon="#mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="#style/Theme.NveeApplication">
<activity
android:name=".MainActivity"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<service
android:name="com.rchan.nvee_sdk.detectedactivity.DetectedActivityService"
android:enabled="true"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="nveeaidle" />
</intent-filter>
</service>
<receiver android:name="com.rchan.nvee_sdk.detectedactivity.DetectedActivityReceiver"/>
<!-- <receiver-->
<!-- android:name="com.rchan.nvee_sdk.detectedactivity.DetectedActivityReceiver"-->
<!-- android:exported="false"-->
<!-- android:process=":remote"-->
<!-- android:permission="com.google.android.gms.permission.ACTIVITY_RECOGNITION">-->
<!-- <intent-filter>-->
<!-- <action android:name="action.TRANSITIONS_DATA" />-->
<!-- </intent-filter>-->
<!-- </receiver>-->
</application>
</manifest>
In my client, I have this in my fragment:
private fun connectToRemoteService() {
val intent = Intent("nveeaidle")
val pack = "com.rchan.nveeapplication"
pack?.let {
intent.setPackage(pack)
activity?.applicationContext?.bindService(
intent, this, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE
)
}
}
I am not sure what is causing this warning, and I have tried out different solutions after searching on stackoverflow and google.
How do I test is:
Launch my server application
Launch my client application
I see the warning
Thank you for taking the time to read my question.
After recent changes, You can use <queries> <package android:name ="your package name" /> </queries>
https://developer.android.com/training/package-visibility/declaring
I did more searching and finally found the answer... All credits go to the SO answer here:
https://stackoverflow.com/a/55712326/3718584
TLDR:
Had to change the intent from implicit to explicit due to API 21
intent.setClassName("com.rchan.nveeapplication","com.rchan.nvee_sdk.detectedactivity.DetectedActivityService")

Xtify + Worklight 6.1 integration in android environment

We have been working on the integration between worklight and xtify for push notifications. We are using version 2.3.2 for xtify sdk since latest version (2.4.2) made the app failed because a class not found exception.
The logic for using xtify has been added to the native code of the WL hybrid application as follows:
public class XtifyWL extends WLDroidGap {
public static final String XTIFY_APP_KEY = "xxxxxxxx-xxxxx-xxxx-xxxxx-xxxxxxxxx";
public static final String PROJECT_NUM = "xxxxxxxxxxxx"; // This is the Google Project Number
#Override
protected void onStart() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onStart();
XtifySDK.start(getApplicationContext(), XTIFY_APP_KEY, PROJECT_NUM);
}
We are receiving the push notifications, but they are duplicated. We received one notification for worklight that fails when you try to open it, and one more for the native application thats works correctly.
How can we fix it?
About the issue with the SDK 2.4.2.2
The exception with SDK 2.4.2.2 is:
FATAL EXCEPTION: main
java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to get provider com.xtify.sdk.db.Provider: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.xtify.sdk.db.Provider
at android.app.ActivityThread.installProvider(ActivityThread.java:4609)
at android.app.ActivityThread.installContentProviders(ActivityThread.java:4236)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleBindApplication(ActivityThread.java:4178)
at android.app.ActivityThread.access$1400(ActivityThread.java:134)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1278)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:137)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4867)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:511)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:1007)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:774)
at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.xtify.sdk.db.Provider
at dalvik.system.BaseDexClassLoader.findClass(BaseDexClassLoader.java:61)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:501)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:461)
at android.app.ActivityThread.installProvider(ActivityThread.java:4594)
... 12 more
The only place where we see that class is in the AndroidManifest.xml
<provider android:name="com.xtify.sdk.db.Provider" android:authorities="com.XtifyApp.XTIFY_PROVIDER" android:exported="false" />
If we comment that line it fails with the next use of any class of the SDK. We have added the sdk .jar file to the libs folder of the android project and to the build path of the android project.
Thanks,
We have found why when we send a push notification, we see them duplicated (two notifications icons on the top).
It was an error in the AndroidManifest.xml, we added all the Xtify GCM configuration and we also left the worklight GCM configuration so we where registering two receivers.
But we have still the issue of "java.lang.ClassNotFoundException" when we try to use the latest Xtify SDK. Athough at least receiving simple notifications seems to work with the SDK 2.3.2.
This is the correct AndroidManifest.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.XtifyApp" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0">
<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="9" android:targetSdkVersion="18"/>
<supports-screens android:smallScreens="false" android:normalScreens="true" android:largeScreens="false"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE"/>
<!-- Push permissions -->
<permission android:name="com.XtifyApp.permission.C2D_MESSAGE" android:protectionLevel="signature"/>
<uses-permission android:name="com.XtifyApp.permission.C2D_MESSAGE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.RECEIVE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.USE_CREDENTIALS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED" />
<application android:label="#string/app_name" android:debuggable="true" android:icon="#drawable/icon">
<activity android:name=".XtifyApp" android:label="#string/app_name" android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden|screenSize" android:launchMode="singleTask">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
</intent-filter>
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="com.XtifyApp.XtifyApp.NOTIFICATION"/>
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity android:name="com.worklight.common.WLPreferences" android:label="Worklight Settings"></activity>
<!-- Start XTIFY -->
<provider android:name="com.xtify.sdk.db.Provider" android:authorities="com.XtifyApp.XTIFY_PROVIDER" android:exported="false" />
<receiver android:name=".XtifyNotifier" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="com.xtify.sdk.NOTIFIER" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
<receiver android:name="com.xtify.sdk.c2dm.C2DMBroadcastReceiver" >
<intent-filter android:permission="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.SEND" >
<action android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE" />
<category android:name="com.XtifyApp" />
</intent-filter>
<intent-filter android:permission="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.SEND" >
<action android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.intent.REGISTRATION" />
<category android:name="com.XtifyApp" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
<receiver android:name="com.xtify.sdk.NotifActionReceiver" />
<receiver android:name="com.xtify.sdk.wi.AlarmReceiver" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" />
</intent-filter>
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.TIMEZONE_CHANGED" />
</intent-filter>
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.PACKAGE_REPLACED" />
<data android:scheme="package" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
<service android:name="com.xtify.sdk.location.LocationUpdateService" />
<service android:name="com.xtify.sdk.c2dm.C2DMIntentService" />
<service android:name="com.xtify.sdk.alarm.MetricsIntentService" />
<service android:name="com.xtify.sdk.alarm.TagIntentService" />
<service android:name="com.xtify.sdk.alarm.RegistrationIntentService" />
<service android:name="com.xtify.sdk.alarm.LocationIntentService" />
<!-- END XTIFY -->
<!-- Start Worklight GCM configuration -->
<!--
<service android:name=".GCMIntentService"/>
<service android:name=".ForegroundService"/>
<receiver android:name="com.google.android.gcm.GCMBroadcastReceiver" android:permission="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.SEND">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE"/>
<category android:name="com.XtifyApp"/>
</intent-filter>
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.intent.REGISTRATION"/>
<category android:name="com.XtifyApp"/>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
-->
<!-- END Worklight GCM configuration -->
</application>
</manifest>

Android Permission Denial: broadcasting Intent

I really do not know what is wrong, but my if widget is update by system by "APPWIDGET_UPDATE" it throws following exception. I tried several things, exporting receiver (true/false), I tried it on emulators and real phones, but it is same. I added several intent-filters, but it did not work.
11-06 20:10:10.279: W/ActivityManager(61): Permission denied: checkComponentPermission() reqUid=1000
11-06 20:10:10.279: W/ActivityManager(61): Permission Denial: broadcasting Intent { act=android.appwidget.action.APPWIDGET_UPDATE (has extras) } from com.ency.easychange (pid=1196, uid=10034) requires null due to receiver com.android.settings/com.android.settings.widget.SettingsAppWidgetProvider
My AppWidgetProvider is only declared, because I tried to eliminate possibilities, but the exception is throw before ExchangeRateWidgetProvider.onReceive() is called.
public class ExchangeRateWidgetProvider extends AppWidgetProvider {
public static final String tag = "ExchangeRateWidgetProvider";
#Override
public void onUpdate(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager,
int[] appWidgetIds) {
}
}
My Manifest:
<uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion="9"
android:targetSdkVersion="15" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<!-- TODO: Remove, only for traces -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<application
android:icon="#drawable/ic_launcher_main"
android:label="#string/app_name"
android:theme="#style/AppTheme" >
<activity
android:name=".EasyChange"
android:label="#string/title_activity_easy_change" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<service android:name=".ExchangeRateWidgetService"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<action android:name="android.appwidget.action.APPWIDGET_ENABLED" />
</intent-filter>
</service>
<receiver
android:name=".ExchangeRateWidgetProvider"
android:label="#string/exchange_rate_widget_name"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.appwidget.action.APPWIDGET_UPDATE" />
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
</intent-filter>
<meta-data
android:name="android.appwidget.provider"
android:resource="#xml/exchange_rate_widget_providerinfo" />
</receiver>
<activity
android:name=".WidgetConfigSmall"
android:label="#string/title_activity_widget_config_small"
android:theme="#android:style/Theme.Holo.Dialog"
android:excludeFromRecents="true"
android:exported="true" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.appwidget.action.APPWIDGET_CONFIGURE"/>
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
I appreciate if you can take a look ...
Your problem lies somewhere in your Java code, where you are attempting to send the android.appwidget.action.APPWIDGET_UPDATE broadcast. That is to be broadcast by the OS, not by apps, and that is what the Permission Denial is about.

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