How to manage Android- to external device communication via web API? - android

I'm building a program which interfaces with a device which runs its own internal web server. I communicate with the device via a web API.
Basically what happens is that a GUI is presented to the user, where the user can make certain modifications to the device. These changes are communicated to the device, and results are returned through XML. The device needs to converse with the program in the background more or less continually (say every 15s or so) to update certain values to the user.
My structure that I'm envisioning is something like this:
UI - Main - Networking - XML Parser.
I'm looking for advice on how to manage these. I understand the UI thread should be separate to provide a smooth experience to users. I also understand that the networking should be at least an asynchronous task. I'm not so sure about how to handle their interaction, and make sure things are happening smoothly and effectively.
My idea is that Main will handle passing data around, telling the networker to send specific messages or changes, passing the returned XML to the parser, and then passing the parsed values to UI for handling.
I'm curious though for advice beyond that.

Have a look at creating a service that is created with your Activity. Without knowing the details of your plan, a Service looks like the optimal solution to perform all the heavy work.
UPDATE:
You could have the calls to web API run in a Service and, when needed, update the UI through an interface. You would have to instruct the Service to run on its own thread, so thread safety is an issue, but less trouble in the long run than using an AsyncTask.

Have a thought about using Google C2DM.
In your case,
Pros -> Less battery use, coordinated network traffic, Don't have to run a continues service and doesn't have the potential of being killed when the device runs out of resources.
Cons -> You have to post the results manually back to your internal server, and server should know which request the device is replying to. Communication is disconnected and may not be real-time. Requires a google account on the device and Google market.

Related

Services for networking: to use or not to use?

Basically, there is a Google way, which suggests using Service for long running operations (which I use at the time). On the other hand, there are a lot of examples in community by honored developers, which avoid using Service and at most incorporate Fragment's setRetainInstance(boolean retain).
While Google has declared that a lot of bad stuff might happen if we don't use a Service, I still feel anxious because there are, it seems, so many projects leaving Service aside.
Can you consolidate the Google's case or provide suggestions for abandoning Service?
P.S. I'm developing "classic" rest-client applications.
P.S.S. I forgot to mention that Service is used in pair with ContentProvider(for cachging purposes, guard against system app forceshutdowns).
Thanks.
If the network request is very likely to take under a second, or if you don't mind it if your process terminates before the request completes, using simple threading from the UI layer is fine, IMHO.
But once the user leaves your app (HOME, responds to an incoming call, etc.), the lifetime of your process is limited, and it could be very short if you do not have a service to tell the OS that you're still doing important work for the user.
So, if the network request is more in the 1-15 second range, and you'd like to feel fairly confident that the work will run to completion, use an IntentService or something along those lines.
If the network request is likely to be longer than that, such as a large download, now you have to worry about the device going to sleep and such. My WakefulIntentService was designed for this sort of scenario, where it will keep the device awake long enough to get the work done, then let the device go back asleep.
Some developers use services for all significant network I/O, skipping them only for truly ephemeral stuff like thumbnail images to populate a ListView or RecyclerView. So long as the service is only running when it is actively delivering value to the user, this is perfectly fine.

How to structure an application properly on background processes

I have an application that uses a webservice to get information and save the changes made ​​by the user.
currently I have one service that runs while the application is open, and it has public methods for each operation. the trouble is that service is growing considerably and I'm thinking refactor, but the question is what is the best way?
I can think of the following options:
Deferred services the current service and that all are initialized at boot time application
Create small services and that these are initialized by local broadcast
although I have doubts about performance. Can give me some clue or example about which method is better, do not really care that changes are instantly synchronized, these are stored locally and can be synchronized when possible. Data sent are not many, so the synchronization is relatively fast
Synchronization processes are something like
Check if there is new data (I have several types of data, these are the ones that are growing)
Synchronize user preferences
Most likely there's no point of having Service running all the time. Instead, I'd go for IntentService. If possible, I'd also condifer using push notification (like GCM) so the server could let my app know that there's new data to fetch (or maybe even send it to me if you'd fit in the GCM payload limit).

How to deal with slow Web services?

I have created a webserivce using C# on .NET and I'm consuming the same in an android application. At times while testing I notice that the web service is annoyingly slow and does not show results for minutes altogether. I don't want to put my user through this behavior of the application.
I am basically looking for a way such that the communication between the application and the web service can become faster.
PS: I am using asynctask function already to provide a separate thread while calling the web service. STILL it takes minutes at times to extract results from it.
Any help is appreciated!:]
I can't tell if you're saying the web service is slow or if it's just slow to be consumed on an Android device.
If the web service is slow on all devices I'd suggest first eliminating the possibility that it's just the speed of the web connection you're testing on. Obviously there isn't much that can be done about that. If the service is simply slow to respond I'd recommend running some profilers to determine where the slowdown is. If it can't be made more efficient perhaps this is a task better suited to be first requested and placed in a queue. When the task is complete alert the device that the data is ready.
If the Android device is slow I'd also recommend some profiling to determine what's eating up the processor.
Sorry if I'm stating the obvious here but these are the only options I can think of.

what is the best/preferred approach to implement multi-threading in android app

I'm a beginner in android development and I'm trying to implement an android udp client, which connects to a java server and sends/receives some packets from it.In this process it collects some data (like round-trip delay etc), which is used to measure the QoS of that particular network. I have tried implementing the connection and sending/receiving data using Java Threads, but the application crashes, and hangs if i try to use more than 2 threads. So I'm looking for alternatives. While going through this site as well as some other links I found that in android multiple threads can be implemented using AsyncTask, Handler etc. Also I found that the Service class also helps to run a background service in an app. Please suggest which approach among these would be the best to achieve my purpose.
Thanks in advance.
You can use AasyncTask to do this and as you mentioned service may be useful too, where u can let your application do whatever it wants in background , if user needs to use application by its interface then AsyncTask must be used to avoid Crashing
There is not one right answer that can be applied as a broad stroke to how to do Android multi-threading. There are a few different ways to approach it based on what your specific needs are.
Any long running, blocking call, in Android will result in the application crashing.
The most common solution is to use an AsyncTask though. For example, when I want to make a call out to a web API endpoint for some XML data within an Activity I would in this case use an AsyncTask and kick off the calls from within doInBackground.
This is not an appropriate solution though if the wait time is longer, or possibly an unknown wait time. Or in a situation where there will always be waiting such as a message queuing service. In this type of situation it may be best to write a separate app based on extending the Service class. Then you can send/receive notifications to/from the service from your primary application in a similar manner to how you would communicate with a web service.

Android mail client, remote process or not

As relatively new to the android platform I was given the task of implementing a email client. For this I want to use an service that allways run in the background (client should allways receive emails as soon as the server gets them, requirement from the customer).
Now I've looked into the Service's in android, but can't seem to find any good answer on whether or not the Service should be local or remote.
What would the main advantages/disadvantages be with choosing one over the other? Bare in mind the Service must be running at all times. I know, I know. BAD. But it is essential to core features of the application.
First, the correct/efficient way to do instant notifications from a remote server like this on Android is to use Google Cloud Messaging. GCM lets you remotely wake up the device by sending an Intent to your application, which you can then use as a signal to fetch the message from the server, post a notification to the status bar, etc.
Doing what you're describing with an eternally running service will have a significant effect on battery life unless you get everything exactly right. Keeping the phone awake all the time is not a viable option. Use GCM and do not roll your own solution for this.
But since your question was more general about whether to run a service in a separate process, in general simpler is better and in this case simpler means running in the same process. You'll have access to all of the various elements of your app's process in memory and in general you will probably have a much easier time. Your events will all happen on the same main thread's Looper. Everything will be much more straightforward.
If you don't already have a very good reason for using a separate process for your service, you should run it in the same process.
Generally I don't know the reason why you can want to use another process. If you will - you'll have to deal with Inter-process communications, with all this AIDL, Parcels etc.
And if you will keep the same process - it will be much easier to transfer the data between your components.
The only reasons to make several processes I think is to try to avoid Android Heap budget limitation. You can try to move heavy objects between processes and try to double your limit. However I think you don't need this, also it's bad way too.
So I will recommend not to play with processes and keep things as simple as possible.
Good luck

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