Develop Reference

Android Run script in ADB shell

I am trying to fallow this tutorial in order to install SSL certificate on Android emulator.
I need to start the emulator from command line, so I run
emulator -avd myDevice -http-proxy myIp:8888
After device is started I want to copy my certificate file from PC to the device, so I run those commands
mount -o remount,rw /system
cp /sdcard/5ed36f99.0 /system/etc/security/cacerts/
cd /system/etc/security/cacerts/
chmod 644 5ed36f99.0
I bundle them all together using this suggestion
The final command looks like this:
adb shell su -c 'mount -o remount,rw /system; cp /sdcard/5ed36f99.0 /system/etc/security/cacerts/; cd /system/etc/security/cacerts/; chmod 644 5ed36f99.0'
But I am getting an error:
su: invalid uid/gid '-c'
If I do it from the shell it works, but then when I restart the emulator it restore the system to previous state without saving my changes.
How can I solve those two problems?

How to use su command over adb shell?

I need to make a script that executes a lots of thing on Android device, my device is rooted, when I enter on the shell, I can give the command su, and it works but I need pass this command like:
adb shell "
su;
mv /sdcard/Download/app_test /data/local;
cd /data/local;
./app_test;
exit;
exit;
"
when I put some commands before the su it works, according what I read su creates a new shell that return immediately, but I need give commands on the su shell, how can I do that?

Well, if your phone is rooted you can run commands with the su -c command.
Here is an example of a cat command on the build.prop file to get a phone's product information.
adb shell "su -c 'cat /system/build.prop |grep "product"'"
This invokes root permission and runs the command inside the ' '.
Notice the 5 end quotes, that is required that you close ALL your end quotes or you will get an error.
For clarification the format is like this.
adb shell "su -c '[your command goes here]'"
Make sure you enter the command EXACTLY the way that you normally would when running it in shell.

On my Linux, I see an error with
adb shell "su -c '[your command goes here]'"
su: invalid uid/gid '-c'
The solution is on Linux
adb shell su 0 '[your command goes here]'

The su command does not execute anything, it just raise your privileges.
Try adb shell su -c YOUR_COMMAND.

By default CM10 only allows root access from Apps not ADB. Go to Settings -> Developer options -> Root access, and change option to "Apps and ADB".

1. adb shell su
win cmd
C:\>adb shell id
uid=2000(shell) gid=2000(shell)
C:\>adb shell 'su -c id'
/system/bin/sh: su -c id: inaccessible or not found
C:\>adb shell "su -c id"
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root) context=u:r:magisk:s0
C:\>adb shell su -c id
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root) context=u:r:magisk:s0
win msys bash
msys2#bash:~$ adb shell 'su -c id'
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root) context=u:r:magisk:s0
msys2#bash:~$ adb shell "su -c id"
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root) context=u:r:magisk:s0
msys2#bash:~$ adb shell su -c id
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root) context=u:r:magisk:s0
2. adb shell -t
if want run am cmd, -t option maybe required:
C:\>adb shell su -c am stack list
cmd: Failure calling service activity: Failed transaction (2147483646)
C:\>adb shell -t su -c am stack list
Stack id=0 bounds=[0,0][1200,1920] displayId=0 userId=0
...
shell options:
shell [-e ESCAPE] [-n] [-Tt] [-x] [COMMAND...]
run remote shell command (interactive shell if no command given)
-e: choose escape character, or "none"; default '~'
-n: don't read from stdin
-T: disable pty allocation
-t: allocate a pty if on a tty (-tt: force pty allocation)
-x: disable remote exit codes and stdout/stderr separation
Android Debug Bridge version 1.0.41
Version 30.0.5-6877874

for my use case, i wanted to grab the SHA1 hash from the magisk config file. the below worked for me.
adb shell "su -c "cat /sbin/.magisk/config | grep SHA | awk -F= '{ print $2 }'""

I opt for the following:
adb shell su root <your command>
e.g., to access the external storage (sd card):
adb shell su root ls storage/0/emulated

Attempting to gain r/w access to android /system

Working on a root script for the Nexus 4 with the latest stock rom .img for google (occam) and I have the following code snippet:
./adb wait-for-device
echo "remounting system"
./adb shell "mount -o remount,rw /system"
./adb push su /system/bin/
echo "pushing super user"
./adb push Superuser.apk /system/app/
echo "pushing busybox"
./adb push busybox /system/xbin/
./adb shell "chmod 06755 /system/bin/su"
./adb shell "chmod 0644 /system/app/Superuser.apk"
./adb shell "chmod 04755 /system/xbin/busybox"
./adb shell "cd /system/xbin"
./adb shell "busybox --install /system/xbin/"
I keep getting the error
mount: Operation not permitted
failed to copy 'su' to '/system/bin//su': Read-only file system
pushing super user
failed to copy 'Superuser.apk' to '/system/app//Superuser.apk': Read-only file system
pushing busybox
failed to copy 'busybox' to '/system/xbin//busybox': Read-only file system
Unable to chmod /system/bin/su: No such file or directory
Unable to chmod /system/app/Superuser.apk: No such file or directory
Unable to chmod /system/xbin/busybox: No such file or directory
/system/bin/sh: busybox: not found
I've tried using multiple methods of obtaining r/w access, but nothing seems to be working. I have to automate this process due to the fact that other people will use the script so it needs to be automation friendly, but I just can't figure this out.
I've also tried the
#su
#mount
#mount | grep system
followed by inputting the partition with the system mount and changing it to r/w access, but that also hasn't worked.
Really frustrated at this point. Can anyone help?

It gives the error because you aren't root. The system partition is mounted read-only. You can try to push the binary to /data/local/tmp. Then you can make su executable and eventual run it. But it doesn't mean you can have root. To become root you need to push an exploit like psneuter to /data/local/tmp and run it. It crashes the shell and reopen a new one with root rights. Then you can remount the system-partition read-write and install su.

Try the commands below
adb shell "su -c mount -o remount,rw /system"
adb shell "su -c chmod 06755 /system/bin/su"
and so on.

Why can't I push sqlite into Android using adb command?

I have a rooted Nexus S and it doesn't have Sqlite installed so I googled it and found I need to use
this command:
adb push sqlite3 /sdcard/
However it gave me this error:
failed to copy 'sqlite3' to '/sdcard//sqlite3': Read-only file system
So that means the /system is read only. Then I searched it and found that I need to remount my /system folder as rw. I used this command in the adb shell:
mount -o rw,remount -t yaffs2 /dev/block/mtdblock5 /system
I still cannot push Sqlite3 and it produces the same error as before in the command line window.
I then typed
root#android:/ # mount
But all I can see is the /system is mounted differently:
/dev/block/platform/s3c-sdhci.0/by-name/system /system ext4 rw,relatime,barrier=
1,data=ordered 0 0
How can I mount my system folder as "rw" and push the sqlite3 into my Android phone?

Maybe you can try another location. The script I used to root my phone was placing its stuff on the /data/local/ after creating a tmp folder:
adb shell "cd /data/local && mkdir tmp"
adb push sqlite3 /data/local/tmp/.
adb shell "chmod 755 /data/local/tmp/sqlite3"
adb shell "cp /data/local/tmp/sqlite3 /system/bin/sqlite3"
adb shell "cd /data/local/tmp && rm *"

In fact, the two answers are mandatory. If we set only
adb shell "cd /data/local && mkdir tmp"
adb push sqlite3 /data/local/tmp/.
adb shell "chmod 755 /data/local/tmp/sqlite3"
adb shell "cp /data/local/tmp/sqlite3 /system/bin/sqlite3"
adb shell "cd /data/local/tmp && rm *"
We have the same error
Read-only file system
So, before copy the sqlite3 to /system/bin/sqlite3, we must add the following line :
mount -o rw,remount -t yaffs2 /dev/block/mtdblock5 /system

Executing shell commands programmatically

I want to execute this shell commands by program. How can I do it?
cd C:\android-sdk\platform-tools
adb shell
su
mount -t rfs -o remount,rw /dev/block/stl9 /system
cp /sdcard/MyApp.apk /system/app/MyApp.apk

We can execute shell comands by using Runtime class.
Runtime.getRuntime().exec("ls");
The above piece of code will create a native process for given command ls, will return same process as a Process object.
For more details about it Check here

You Should write the exact syntax you used here in a .bat file, and then just execute it.

It seems you are on a Microsoft station so considering using batch would give you this :
1st method : Stay on your station and send usefull commands
cd C:\android-sdk\platform-tools
adb shell "su -c 'mount -o rw,remount /system'"
adb shell "su -c 'cp /sdcard/MyApp.apk /system/app/MyApp.apk'"
adb shell "su -c 'mount -o ro,remount /system'"
The only thing is you will launch and close 3 shells but its not really and issue.
2nd method : Stay on your station send a sh script on sdcard and execute it
cd C:\android-sdk\platform-tools
adb push myscript.sh /sdcard/
adb shell "su -c 'sh /sdcard/myscript.sh'"
with "myscript.sh" containing :
#!/system/bin/sh
mount -o rw,remount /system
cp /sdcard/MyApp.apk /system/app/MyApp.apk
mount -o ro,remount /system
Remember that Android shell scripts created on Microsoft station have CRLF line ending !
You need to get LF only ending your lines on UNIX like systems !