Develop Reference

Android : Multicast is working with IPV4, not with IPV6

This code works with this address "228.5.6.7", but not with this one "FF7E:230::1234" (devices used: Samsung S4 & TabA).
// join a Multicast group and send the group salutations
String msg = "Hello";
InetAddress group = InetAddress.getByName("228.5.6.7");
MulticastSocket s = new MulticastSocket(6789);
s.joinGroup(group);
DatagramPacket hi = new DatagramPacket(msg.getBytes(), msg.length(), group, 6789);
s.send(hi);
// get their responses!
byte[] buf = new byte[1000];
DatagramPacket recv = new DatagramPacket(buf, buf.length);
s.receive(recv);
// OK, I'm done talking - leave the group...
s.leaveGroup(group);
I tried this example too, it gave me the same result.
Impossible to know if the problem happens when the group is joined or when the DatagramPacket is sent.

How to get IP addresses of computers using BroadcastAddress in Android

In my application I'd like to get all the IP addresses that are taken by computers in the LAN using the broadcast address. I used the following code to determine the broadcast address.
InetAddress getBroadcastAddress()
{
try
{
WifiManager wifi = (WifiManager) getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
DhcpInfo dhcp = wifi.getDhcpInfo();
// handle null somehow
int broadcast = (dhcp.ipAddress & dhcp.netmask) | ~dhcp.netmask;
byte[] quads = new byte[4];
for (int k = 0; k < 4; k++)
quads[k] = (byte) ((broadcast >> k * 8) & 0xFF);
return InetAddress.getByAddress(quads);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
Now that I have it, as far as I know, when one uses the broadcast address, every computer answers it, so if I simply send a "ping" message to that address, the computers of the LAN will answer it. How should I ping them in Android? What command would send me the taken addresses?
The following code simply returns the packet from the sending phone but I need the computers' addresses:
int PORT = 8080;
int DISCOVERY_PORT = 8080;
try
{
DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(PORT);
socket.setBroadcast(true);
String data="TEST";
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data.getBytes(), data.length(),
getBroadcastAddress(), DISCOVERY_PORT);
socket.send(packet);
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
DatagramPacket packet2 = new DatagramPacket(buf, buf.length);
Log.w(Tags.DEBUG,"Receive start");
socket.receive(packet2);
Log.w(Tags.DEBUG,packet2.getAddress().toString());
}
catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
Is it even possible?
EDIT:
If I'm honest it works as it is written: my phone sends an UDP packet and my phone receives the incoming packages. As the only package is coming from my phone, it is obvious that the address is my phone's address. However, if the broadcast address is valid, each network interface should send the signal back. Am I correct?

You are partially correct.
When you send a UDP packet to a broadcast address, all the computers on the network will receive the packet, unless a router on the network restricts UDP packets being sent to the broadcast address. This is mostly the case on a corporate network.
But not all computers will reply to that packet, they need to know what to do with it.
Either you write a server application that understands your UDP packet and is configured to reply to that packet and deploy that server application to all of the computers on the network.
Or you implement an existing discovery protocol such as Bonjour (Mac) or SSDP (Windows)
I suggest you take a look at ZeroConf Service Discovery if you want to use existing protocols rather then deploying your own application.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-configuration_networking#Service_discovery
I hope this explanation helps you with your problem.

Send Broadcast UDP but not receive it on other Android devices

I am trying to develop an app that sends some broadcast messages and receives some answers from the other android devices. I am having some trouble receiving the UDP messages from the other devices. I should mention that this code worked on Gingerbread but on JellyBean it's not working anymore and I do not know what might be the problem.
Here is where I send the broadcast message (I know the other devices listen on port 5000) :
private void sendUDPMessage(String msg) {
try {
DatagramSocket clientSocket = new DatagramSocket();
clientSocket.setBroadcast(true);
InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName(Utils.getBroadcastAddress());
byte[] sendData;
sendData = msg.getBytes();
DatagramPacket sendPacket = new DatagramPacket(sendData,
sendData.length, address, 5000);
clientSocket.send(sendPacket);
clientSocket.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
And here is where I receive it :
private void start_UDP()
{
try {
serverSocketUDP = new DatagramSocket(5000);
}
catch (Exception e) {
Log.i(LOGTAG, "Exception opening DatagramSocket UDP");
}
final byte[] receiveData = new byte[1024];
while(runningUDP) {
Log.d(LOGTAG, "Waiting for Broadcast request in ServerUDP.");
final DatagramPacket receivePacket = new DatagramPacket(receiveData, receiveData.length);
serverSocketUDP.receive(receivePacket);
byte[] sendData = new byte[1024];
InetAddress address = receivePacket.getAddress();
int port = receivePacket.getPort();
if(!receivePacket.getAddress().getHostAddress().equals(Utils.getLocalIpAddress()))
{
String req = new String(receivePacket.getData(), 0, receivePacket.getLength());
Log.d(LOGTAG, "Received UDP message : "+req+" from: "+receivePacket.getAddress().getHostAddress());
}
}// while ends
}//method ends
I should mention that these 2 functions are separate in 2 different threads so I can send and receive simultaneously.
I also acquire the following locks:
powerManager =(PowerManager)context.getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);
wakeLock = powerManager.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK ,LOGTAG); // PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK Only keeps CPU on
wifiManager = (WifiManager)context.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
wifiLock = wifiManager.createWifiLock(3, LOGTAG);
multicastLock = wifiManager.createMulticastLock(LOGTAG);
wakeLock.acquire();
multicastLock.acquire();
wifiLock.acquire();
And the permissions on the Manifest file :
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_MULTICAST_STATE"/>
I have tested if the messages are sent using wireshark and tcpdump and they are sent. Moreover, what is even more strange, I receive the broadcast messages that I send (but I discard them because I dont need to process the messages sent from myself) but I dont receive the broadcast messages sent from the other devices (which should have the same format, only the source address would be different and the message contained, either way should not affect the broadcast message).
Please let me know if you have any ideas because I really ran out of anything else I could try. Any help would be appreciated. Thanks!
EDIT:
I have made some tests and even if when I run on each of the phones ifconfig wlan0 and it says something like
ifconfig wlan0
wlan0: ip 169.254.17.28 mask 255.255.0.0 flags [up broadcast multicast]
which means that the interface is active and the IP is set and can receive broadcast messages and multicast msgs but when I use
InetAddress in=InetAddress.getByName("169.254.17.28");
if (in.isReachable(1000))
Log.i(LOGTAG, "host is reachable");
else
Log.i(LOGTAG, "host is not reachable");
It shows in the logs host is not reachable.
This is where I turn on the Wi-fi
private void startWifiAdhoc() {
WifiManager wifiManager = (WifiManager)SharingFileService.context.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
String command="";
if (condWifiAdhoc == false) {
condWifiAdhoc=true;
wifiInterface = Utils.getWifiInterface();
wifiManager.setWifiEnabled(true);
localIP = Utils.getLinkLocalAddress();
}
else
{
wifiManager.setWifiEnabled(true);
localIP = Utils.getLinkLocalAddress();
}
// Set wifi ad-hoc
command = context.getFilesDir().getPath()
+ "/iwconfig " + wifiInterface + " mode ad-hoc essid "
+ "mcp" + " channel " + "1" + " commit\n";
Log.i(LOGTAG, command);
Utils.rootExec(command);
Log.i(LOGTAG, "Ip address used :" + localIP);
command = context.getFilesDir().getPath()
+ "/ifconfig " + wifiInterface + " " + localIP
+ " netmask 255.255.0.0 up\n";
Log.i(LOGTAG, command);
Utils.rootExec(command);
}

I got this working by using a method described here to calculate the broadcast address: https://code.google.com/p/boxeeremote/wiki/AndroidUDP
Here's my receiver:
try {
//Keep a socket open to listen to all the UDP trafic that is destined for this port
socket = new DatagramSocket(Constants.PORT, InetAddress.getByName("0.0.0.0"));
socket.setBroadcast(true);
while (true) {
Log.i(TAG,"Ready to receive broadcast packets!");
//Receive a packet
byte[] recvBuf = new byte[15000];
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(recvBuf, recvBuf.length);
socket.receive(packet);
//Packet received
Log.i(TAG, "Packet received from: " + packet.getAddress().getHostAddress());
String data = new String(packet.getData()).trim();
Log.i(TAG, "Packet received; data: " + data);
// Send the packet data back to the UI thread
Intent localIntent = new Intent(Constants.BROADCAST_ACTION)
// Puts the data into the Intent
.putExtra(Constants.EXTENDED_DATA_STATUS, data);
// Broadcasts the Intent to receivers in this app.
LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).sendBroadcast(localIntent);
}
} catch (IOException ex) {
Log.i(TAG, "Oops" + ex.getMessage());
}
And here's my sender:
public void sendBroadcast(String messageStr) {
// Hack Prevent crash (sending should be done using an async task)
StrictMode.ThreadPolicy policy = new StrictMode.ThreadPolicy.Builder().permitAll().build();
StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(policy);
try {
//Open a random port to send the package
DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
socket.setBroadcast(true);
byte[] sendData = messageStr.getBytes();
DatagramPacket sendPacket = new DatagramPacket(sendData, sendData.length, getBroadcastAddress(), Constants.PORT);
socket.send(sendPacket);
System.out.println(getClass().getName() + "Broadcast packet sent to: " + getBroadcastAddress().getHostAddress());
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "IOException: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
InetAddress getBroadcastAddress() throws IOException {
WifiManager wifi = (WifiManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
DhcpInfo dhcp = wifi.getDhcpInfo();
// handle null somehow
int broadcast = (dhcp.ipAddress & dhcp.netmask) | ~dhcp.netmask;
byte[] quads = new byte[4];
for (int k = 0; k < 4; k++)
quads[k] = (byte) ((broadcast >> k * 8) & 0xFF);
return InetAddress.getByAddress(quads);
}

I came across your post when trying to solve a similar issue. Did you get your stuff working?
In my case, I had been trying to get a Nexus 7 (first gen with Jelly Bean 4.3) and Nexus One (Gingerbread 2.3.6) talking to each other via UDP. Initially my app, running on both devices, would successfully link up but only with one-way communication from the phone to the tablet. I had only one permission in place in the manifest: INTERNET. Communication from the tablet to the phone started working once I had added the ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE permission to the manifest.
So, for some reason, the Nexus 7 is happy with just the INTERNET permission for both sending and receiving UDP packets (well, my particular implementation of it, at least). The Nexus One will send with only the INTERNET permission but will not receive unless the ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE permission is given as well.
Your code looks similar to mine (I don't recognize your "UTILS." calls, however). In my case, though, for the purposes of testing, I've hard-coded the broadcast address (192.168.n.255). I'm on an access point while you're on an adhoc network. Perhaps that has some effect as well.

Android send mpegts streams over udp

I want to receive mpegts over udp in my android application. I am using gstreamer for that. Right now, I am trying to send the mpegts stream from vlc player from the same computer over udp.
In my android application, I am giving the uri udp://10.0.2.2:1234 but the application gives error Could not get/set settings from/on resource. I have tried to get solutions from internet, but no luck so far.

1) UDP address range is from 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255, so you cannot use 10.x.x.x
2) After you deal with adresses, refer to this link to deal with programmatic part:
Getting the Broadcast Address You need to access the wifi manager to get the DHCP info and construct a broadcast address from that:
InetAddress getBroadcastAddress() throws IOException {
WifiManager wifi = mContext.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
DhcpInfo dhcp = wifi.getDhcpInfo();
// handle null somehow
int broadcast = (dhcp.ipAddress & dhcp.netmask) | ~dhcp.netmask;
byte[] quads = new byte[4];
for (int k = 0; k < 4; k++)
quads[k] = (byte) ((broadcast >> k * 8) & 0xFF);
return InetAddress.getByAddress(quads);
}
Sending and Receiving UDP Broadcast Packets Having constructed the broadcast address, things work as normal. The following code would
send the string data over broadcast and then wait for a response:
DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(PORT);
socket.setBroadcast(true);
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data.getBytes(), data.length(),
getBroadcastAddress(), DISCOVERY_PORT);
socket.send(packet);
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buf, buf.length);
socket.receive(packet);

How to achieve service discovery like "Printer Discover" on android?

I would like to know about the 'service discovery' mechanisms supported by android - particularly, Printer Discovery.
Does android provide such a discovery option? example : support for snmp broadcast?
I tried out an application "PrinterShare" link : http://www.printeranywhere.com/mobile.sdf where Printer Discovery is achieved through ipp.
Any help is appreciated.

Roy, I came across the same problem as you, and was even getting the same behavior when running that code snippet on an actual device (while running the code standalone, not in android, worked fine). I found this page and got it working, although only on the device, by using the following to figure out the Broadcast IP (instead of 239.255.255.250):
InetAddress getBroadcastAddress() throws IOException {
WifiManager wifi = mContext.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
DhcpInfo dhcp = wifi.getDhcpInfo();
// handle null somehow
int broadcast = (dhcp.ipAddress & dhcp.netmask) | ~dhcp.netmask;
byte[] quads = new byte[4];
for (int k = 0; k < 4; k++)
quads[k] = (byte) ((broadcast >> k * 8) & 0xFF);
return InetAddress.getByAddress(quads);
}
Hope that helps:)

Does android provide such a discovery option?
Not that I am aware of, sorry.

This code snippet works fine on J2SE. However, on the Android emulator, I get a 'Time Out Exception' with response = 'null'
`DatagramSocket clientSocket = new DatagramSocket(8888);
clientSocket.setSoTimeout(20000);
/**
* SSDP is a text-based protocol based on the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (RFC 2616).
* However, it uses the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) as underlying transport protocol.
* Services are announced by the hosting system with multicast addressing to a
* specifically designated IP multicast address at port number 1900. In IPv4,
* the multicast address is 239.255.255.250.
*/
//getByName(host) //host the hostName to be resolved to an address or null.
InetAddress group = InetAddress.getByName("239.255.255.250");
//host can be null which means that an address of the loopback interface is returned.
if(group == null){
Log.d("Discovery","getByName(): returns address of loopback interface.");
}
byte[] sendData;
byte[] receiveData = new byte[128];
String sentence = "M-SEARCH * HTTP/1.1\r\n"
+ "HOST: 239.255.255.250:1900\r\n"
+ "MAN: \"ssdp:discover\"\r\n"
+ "MX: 10\r\n"
+ "ST: ssdp:all\r\n"
+ "\r\n";
sendData = sentence.getBytes();
//public DatagramPacket (byte[] data, int length, InetAddress host, int port)
DatagramPacket sendPacket = new DatagramPacket(sendData, sendData.length, group, 1900);
try {
clientSocket.send(sendPacket);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.getMessage();
e.printStackTrace();
}
Log.d("Discovery","sent packet...");
while( true)
{
DatagramPacket receivePacket = new DatagramPacket(receiveData, receiveData.length);
try
{
boolean isc = clientSocket.isConnected();
clientSocket.receive(receivePacket);
}
catch ( Exception Ex)
{
Log.d("Discovery","Time out Exception");
}
if (receivePacket.getAddress() == null)
{
Log.d("Discovery","receivePacket.getAddress() == null");
break;
}
Log.d("Discovery","Senders Address : " + receivePacket.getAddress().getHostAddress());
String controllerResponse = new String(receivePacket.getData());
} //end of while()
clientSocket.close(); `

For evaluation of SSDP in .NET this library may be useful
https://yortw.github.io/RSSDP/