What happens behind the scenes when an xml is "inflated"? - android

For example When we write the code
View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.main_activity, null);
What does the Android system do?

Check out the source for the LayoutInflater. It's an abstract class, a concrete instance of which is obtained through getLayoutInflater().
In essence, the inflater creates a root view object (the root view group of the inflated XML), then does two passes through the XML tree to attach each child view. This is done recursively to handle 'include' and to fix up references between child views, for example in RelativeLayout, and is done top to bottom.
The first pass constructs the tree by instantiating each of the child views, top down recursively, and passes the XML attributes to the view constructor telling the view how big it should be. It then calls measure() for each child passing in restrictions determined by the parent (e.g. RelativeLayout with 2 child views each requesting match_parent) using a measure specifications object and asks the view how big it wants to be. If the view is itself a view group, it will use the same algorithm to measure it's children.
The second pass is the layout pass when layout() is called on each child to position itself within the view. The parent positions the view using the measurements calculated in the measure pass. onDraw() is called and is passed a Canvas created from the DecorView backing bitmap.
The finalised tree is then ready to pass to the window manager which is done by setContentView() or addContentView().
http://grepcode.com/file/repository.grepcode.com/java/ext/com.google.android/android/4.1.1_r1/android/view/LayoutInflater.java#LayoutInflater

Inflating an XML layout in simple language means you are converting the XML in View. Then you can fetch each view declared in the XML using the parent/inflated View.
For eg -
View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.main_activity, null);
Now, here view is the reference of the XML from which you can fetch all the views as,
TextView tv = (TextView)view.findViewById(R.id.tv);

Related

Should I pass the layout's rootview to Snackbar?

As far as I understand we can put any view, such as child view of our root layout when initializing Snackbar.
Quoted from the document:
Snackbar will try and find a parent view to hold Snackbar's view from the value given to view.
However, this statement makes me think of putting the root view might be the best approach. Since traversing the nodes can be taxing especially a layout with a complex hierarchy.
Do I understand this correctly?

At what point are child views attached to the parent view

I created a custom layout which can have an arbitrary amount of child views.
I figured out that the child views are not available when I try to access them in the constructor of my layout view.
So what I currently do is to access them in onMeassure, but it seems to be a bad idea, since this gets called several times.
What is the best place in my layout to init child views? I wish there was a method like onChildViewsAttached(). Any ideas?
Child views are attached to the parent once layout pass is finished, i.e layout() of the view group is finished.
You can also register OnGlobalLayoutListener or OnPredrawListeneron the ViewTreeObserver of your custom layout.

android view hierarchy with resource id

is there a way to get the hierarchy of the current layout of the device along with the resource id of the elements in the hierarchy?
I found a way to get the hierarchy but the IDs of the elements weren't there.
Also, note that i'm not doing that from inside the application with the current layout.
View has method: getParent() and getId(). ViewGroup hasMethod: getChildren(). It is enough to get full hierarchy.
If you want to find out View hierarchy of elements in layout you should inflate this layout using LayoutInflater.
Another solution is to create your own xml parser.

android - what is view hierarchy?

I'm studying android, of course I'm novice, I always read something like view hierarchy, so what exactly does this mean? what is view hierarchy? e.g.
// fragment's containing frame doesn't exist. The fragment
// may still be created from its saved state, but there is
// no reason to try to create its view hierarchy because it
// won't be displayed. Note this is not needed -- we could
// just run the code below, where we would create and return
// the view hierarchy; it would just never be used.
http://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/Fragment.html
A View inside another View creates an hierarchy, the outer view becomes the parent of the inner view and the inner view is its child. It's just nested views.
Here's an example:
You'll want to read the docs on the View class, but essentially views can be children of certain other views. You can nest views in complicated ways. This whole structure of views is referred to as the view hierarchy.
http://i.stack.imgur.com/gN6AO.png
Each view in a user interface represents a rectangular area of the display. A view is responsible for what is drawn in that rectangle and for responding to events that occur within that part of the screen (such as a touch event).
A user interface screen is comprised of a view hierarchy with a root view positioned at the top of the tree and child views positioned on branches below. The child of a container view appears on top of its parent view and is constrained to appear within the bounds of the parent view’s display area.
you can refer to this link : [
http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Understanding_Android_Views,_View_Groups_and_Layouts_in_Android_Studio][1]

Converting RemoteView into a View

I am trying to render a RemoteViews instance onto a Canvas, like I do with a regular View. I use
RemoteViews.apply(context, null)
and it returns a FrameLayout with all the views nested and properly measured (location and size is correct,) but after using .draw on the returned view, it renders all elements with no values -- TextViews are empty, AnalogClock is reset at 00:00 and so on.
Any ideas? I'm lost :(
Not sure if the question is still actual. Nevertheless here is my experience with RemoveViews. It appears you cannot just call draw() on the returned view. You have to add this view to a parent container to make it a part of global view hierarchy. For instance, you have an Activity with a single FrameLayout in it. Your code will look like this.
FrameLayout parent = findViewById(R.id.container);
View view = RemoteViews.apply(getActivity(), parent);
parent.addView(view);
Now you should be able to see tests. If you set listeners, they will work properly too.

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