Develop Reference

How to make the overflow button (the three dots) open settings right away?

I do not want to show a menu for only Settings and About, that's why i want the overflow button to open (immediately when clicked) a unified Settings-About page, the same way Instagram does.
At first i thought i might just do a menu with one action that is set to always Shown and has the overflow button icon (the three dots). But there are a lot of icons for different themes and i also think this wouldn't be correct for devices with a menu button.

Follow this:
Go to style, change your theme DarkActionBar to noActionBar.
Add the android design support to your gradle.
Add toolbar to your xml
Add Imageview or imageviewbutton inside your toolbar
Find the three dot image in drawable using image asset
Add your three dot drawable as src of your imageview.
Set oncClick then intent.

Where is the default android "Up button" icon stored?

I need to add a navigation icon to my Toolbar, and I cannot use an ActionBar. Where is the default up button you'd get from using an ActionBar with homeAsUp enabled?

You can find loads of material design icons here, the pack also contains the up arrow.

You can find the default icons for android in \path-to-your-android-sdk-folder\platforms\android-xx\data\res, your question is not very clear so if my answer doesn't fit, please give more details on what you want to realize , and maybe with illustrations.

Set color of ShareActionProvider

I defined a color for my whole app (a dark grey) and so when I click on the ShareActionProvider, a black list shows up but the text color is dark grey too (and so not really visible). The text in the ActionBar is white, but not the one in the list.
Is there any way I can set a different color (some item in styles.xml ?)
Thanks

Best way to customize shareActionProvider is create separate menu specifically for Sharing. See this link https://stackoverflow.com/a/22192759/1237175

Benefits of native ActionBar vs custom implementation?

I would like to try and use the native Google ActionBar class for my application however, I would like to be able to change the left most image dynamically, disable the icon and center the title. I was wondering if this is possible of if I should implement my own ActionBar?
My reason for wanting to change the left most image (IE the navigation drawer indicator) is because I am using the navigation drawer but on some screens would like to display the up indicator instead.

Looking through the documentation for the ActionBarDrawerToggle, there is a method to enable/disable the navigation drawer icon (setDrawerIndicatorEnabled), when disabled it reverts to the home-as-up indicator.
Another option is to recreate the drawer in those specific screens you want the icon different and specify the new icon in the creation of the drawer, not sure if this would work though.
http://developer.android.com/reference/android/support/v4/app/ActionBarDrawerToggle.html

Here is the android guide which explains how to do this, but allow me to give a brief overview.
You do not have to have the app icon as the leftmost icon so in certain pages you can disable it by specifying another "android:logo" item in the XML file, or by simply diabling it entirely.
The android logo, which is what you are talking about as the "leftmost item", can have an onClickListener() set for it which is how you can change it simply to an uparrow image which you can download from google.

Change Android ActionBar overflow icon in code

Is it possible to change overflow icon in code?
I read this solution: Changing overflow icon in the action bar
But I need to make it in code, to select white or grey style during runtime.
Is it possible?

You can only change this in a theme.
One potential solution would be to call setTheme as the very first thing in onCreate with different themes depending on whether you needed white or gray.