Develop Reference

how to stop components in android GUI not to overlap

I am trying to make the image button fix completely on the screen and the spinner. It seems to have a problem with the weight sum and weight layout. I have tried to fix it, but haven't gotten anywhere. This is my code:
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
tools:context=".ElderActivity"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:weightSum="1">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:id="#+id/first"
android:background="#ffab7c74"
android:layout_weight="1">
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"
android:text="Smart House"
android:id="#+id/textView"
android:gravity="center"
android:autoText="true"
android:textColor="#fffff7f4" />
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<ImageButton
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="#drawable/environment"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:id="#+id/imageButton" />
<ImageButton
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="#drawable/law"
android:layout_weight="1" />
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<Spinner
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="#+id/spinner"
android:layout_weight="1" />
<Spinner
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="#+id/spinner1"
android:layout_weight="1" />
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<ImageButton
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="#drawable/consumer"
android:layout_weight="1"/>
<ImageButton
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="#drawable/educations"
android:layout_weight="1"/>
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<Spinner
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="#+id/spinner2"
android:layout_weight="1" />
<Spinner
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="#+id/spinner3"
android:layout_weight="1" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
[screem shot of screen][1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/tPFDi.jpg

It is very bad practice to use the weight option, especially if you have weight options in deep hierarchy of layout. For your example you need to use RelativeLayout or even TableLayout.
But if you want a mess up for your bottom part you can use tricky thing like:
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
>
<View android:id="#+id/strut"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:layout_centerVertical="true"/>
<Button
android:id="#+id/btn1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="#string/text1"
android:layout_alignEnd="#id/strut"
android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
/>
<Button
android:id="#+id/btn2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignStart="#+id/strut"
android:layout_alignParentEnd="true"
android:text="#string/text2"
/>
</RelativeLayout>

layout alignment for different screens

i am trying to align the page for different screens namely 4.5inch(xperia ion) and 4inch(s advance) it works with s advance.. but in xperia ion screen it breaks..
the emulator image of both xperia ion and s advance...
i stretched the buttons to avoid mistakes.. but yet when it comes to services.. the system fails... the big buttons on top and bottom are buffer buttons.. they are meant to simply align the rest..
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:background="#drawable/rail" >
<Button
android:id="#+id/btnBufferTop" <-- buffer top button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="130dp"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:text="Button" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/btnBufferBottom" <-- buffer bottom button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="60dp"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:text="Button" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button1" <-- home button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:layout_below="#+id/btnBufferTop"
android:text="Button" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button2" <-- About us button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:layout_below="#+id/button1"
android:text="Button" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button3" <-- services
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_above="#+id/btnBufferBottom"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:text="Button" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button4" <-- clients
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_above="#+id/button3"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:text="Button" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button5" <-- contacts
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_above="#+id/button4"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:layout_marginBottom="14dp"
android:text="Button" />
is there any other way to do it???? without buffer buttons

// Try this way,hope this will help you to solve your problem...
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<Button
android:id="#+id/btnBufferTop"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="130dp"
android:text="Button" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/btnBufferBottom"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="60dp"
android:text="Button" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Button" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button2"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Button" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button3"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Button" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button4"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Button" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button5"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginBottom="14dp"
android:text="Button" />
</LinearLayout>

its better to go with linear layout with weights.as weights device each screen in equal parts.
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:weightSum= 2
android:orientation="vertical">
<Button
android:id="#+id/btnBufferTop"
android: layout_weight="1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:text="Button" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/btnBufferBottom"
android: layout_weight="1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:text="Button" />
</LinearLayout>

If the space between the buttons are the issue, thenTry android:layout_marginTop=""

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:background="#android:color/white"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:gravity="center">
<Button
android:id="#+id/okbutton"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="SET"
/>
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:background="#android:color/white"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:gravity="center">
<Button
android:id="#+id/okbuttodn"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="SET"
/>
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:background="#android:color/white"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:gravity="center">
<Button
android:id="#+id/okbuttdtgyodn"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="SET"
/>
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:background="#android:color/white"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:gravity="center">
<Button
android:id="#+id/okbuttrtodn"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="SET"
/>
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

How can I make this layout for android?

[SOLVED]I have a very specific layout that I want to make. It feels like it should be very easy to create but I can't seem to wrap my fingers around it. So I want to create a layout that looks like the image below. How the hell do I get this? I just get the text and the 2 images and then get the buttons to be visible. Posted my layout below as well.
Thanks in advance // eXpliCo.
http://imgur.com/Qu5CRDC
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="#+id/main_layout"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:layout_weight="20"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<TextView
android:id="#+id/question_text"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="#string/question_text"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" />
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/image_layout"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/left_layout"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="#drawable/picture_placeholder" />
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/right_image"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="#drawable/picture_placeholder" />
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/navigation_layout"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
<Button
android:id="#+id/button3"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="#string/Button" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button4"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="#string/Button" />
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/vote_layout"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="top|center" >
<Button
android:id="#+id/vote_left"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="#string/Button" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/vote_right"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="#string/Button" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
EDIT: I got a solution now. I don't know if it's the best but it works for me. But I can't answer my own code yet so I'll just post my solution here.
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<TextView
android:id="#+id/textView2"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="Test123 312 123 312"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" />
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_weight="100" >
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/imageView2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:src="#drawable/ic_launcher" />
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/imageView1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:src="#drawable/ic_launcher" />
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1" >
<Button
android:id="#+id/button1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="Test" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="Test" />
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1" >
<Button
android:id="#+id/button3"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="test" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button4"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="test" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

In your second LinearLayout, set the orientation to horizontal.

Here you go
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" >
<TextView
android:text="Some Text here"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="#+id/SomeText"
android:gravity="center"
android:textSize="20sp" />
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/image_layout"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="#+id/SomeText"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/left_layout"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="#drawable/ic_launcher"
android:layout_weight="1" />
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/right_image"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="#drawable/ic_launcher"
android:layout_weight="1" />
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/button_layout1"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="#+id/image_layout"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
<Button
android:id="#+id/vote_left"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Button 1"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:layout_marginLeft="15dp"
android:layout_marginRight="15dp" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/vote_right"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Button 2"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:layout_marginLeft="15dp"
android:layout_marginRight="15dp" />
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/button_layout2"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="#+id/button_layout1"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
<Button
android:id="#+id/vote_left"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Button 3"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:layout_marginLeft="15dp"
android:layout_marginRight="15dp" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/vote_right"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Button 4"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:layout_marginLeft="15dp"
android:layout_marginRight="15dp" />
</LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>

It sounds like this works with smaller images but not larger images. If this is the case then use layout_weight in each child LinearLayout so that each takes up a certain amount of space. This will help the layout to look similar on different screen sizes and resolutions.
So, for instance...
<TextView
android:text="Some Text here"
android:layout_weight="1"
...
LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/image_layout"
android:layout_weight="3"
...
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/button_layout1"
android:layout_weight="2"
...
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/button_layout2"
android:layout_weight="2"
...
You may have to adjust the weights to what you want/need but something like that should help. You will also want to set your height for each of those to 0dp since the parent LinearLayout is vertical.

place and align a button above 4 views

I want to place a button above 4 other views:
The views b1-b4 are not really buttons, but they look and behave like buttons (clickable and focusable). Equal spacing is desirable.
I have found Evenly spaced out row of buttons required but how do I make button0 occupy exactly the width of b1-b4?

Try this.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="20dp"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<Button
android:id="#+id/button1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Button0" />
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
<Button
android:id="#+id/button2"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="b1" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button3"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="b2" />
<Button
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="b3" />
<Button
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="b4" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
Now let me know, is it helpful or not..??

Try this..
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity" >
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/linear"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:layout_centerVertical="true" >
<Button
android:id="#+id/button1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="B1" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="B2" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button3"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="B3" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button4"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="B4" />
</LinearLayout>
<Button
android:id="#+id/button0"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_above="#+id/linear"
android:layout_alignLeft="#+id/linear"
android:layout_alignRight="#+id/linear"
android:text="Button0" />
</RelativeLayout>

Custom Dialog xml

I want to add a custom Dialog, but I have problems creating a xml like I want..
Here what I imagine:
[IMAGE][TEXT]
[SCROLLABLETEXT]
[BUTTON][BUTTON][BUTTON]
And my current xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="#+id/LinearLayout1"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/linearLayout2"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/imgMentor"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:layout_marginRight="10dp"
android:src="#drawable/changelogicon" />
<TextView
android:id="#+id/tvSubject"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="--"
android:textColor="#FFF"
android:textSize="20px" />
</LinearLayout>
<ScrollView
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="#+id/layout_root"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:padding="10dp" >
<TextView
android:id="#+id/tvExplanation"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="7dip"
android:text="--"
android:textColor="#FFF" />
</ScrollView>
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/linearLayout2"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:baselineAligned="true" >
<Button
android:id="#+id/button1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="Button" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="Button" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button3"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="Button" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
Image, text and scrollable text looking great, but if the text in the middle gets too long and become scrollable, my buttons are gone..
What did I do wrong?
EDIT:
my Solution:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="#+id/RelativeLayout1"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/imgIcon"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:layout_marginRight="10dp"
android:src="#drawable/changelogicon" />
<TextView
android:id="#+id/tvSubject"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignBottom="#+id/imgIcon"
android:layout_marginBottom="15dp"
android:layout_toRightOf="#+id/imgIcon"
android:text="--"
android:textColor="#FFF"
android:textSize="20px" />
<ScrollView
android:id="#+id/layout_root"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_above="#+id/button1"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_below="#+id/imgIcon"
android:layout_marginTop="20dp" >
<TextView
android:id="#+id/tvExplanation"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="7dip"
android:text="--"
android:textColor="#FFF" />
</ScrollView>
<Button
android:id="#+id/button1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:text="Button" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:text="Button" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button3"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:text="Button" />
</RelativeLayout>

Use a RelativeLayout rather than a LinearLayout as the top-level element in your view hierarchy. LinearLayouts don't do very well at handling this sort of "fill the middle" scenario.
With a RelativeLayout you can align your buttons with the bottom, your text/image with the top and then align your ScrollView to be below the text/image and above the buttons, stretching it accordingly.
Take a look at the "Hello RelativeLayout" tutorial for more info.
Quick SO tip: If you increase your accept rate, more people are likely to answer your question.