Develop Reference

How to access sdcard using Guon mobile StorageService?

How to access sdcard using Guon mobile StorageService ?
In my app I'd like to give the user the opportunity to create a folder
to later save application specific files. The user should be able to
choose whether to create the folder in the internal storage or the sdcard (if present).
During the implementation I found that I can not access the sdcard using the Gluon mobile StorageService.
Here is the relevant code part I used for testing:
Optional<StorageService> oss = Services.get(StorageService.class);
if(oss.isPresent()) {
StorageService ss = oss.get();
Optional<File> of = ss.getPublicStorage("/sdcard");
if(of.isPresent()) {
File dir = of.get();
if(dir != null) {
String s = null;
if(!dir.exists())
s = "sdcard dir does not exist";
String[] list = dir.list();
int i = 0;
}
}
}
Via USB debugging I see the following contents of the variables :
So there is probably something wrong in my way to access the sdcard.
How can sdcard being accessed using Guon mobile StorageService ?
I use Gluon mobile StorageService 3.8.6.

Android, Xamarin: Get File Path Of SD Card

I am currently working on an app, that goes through your phone and lists all available MP3 files. I managed to get this done and search for everything on the internal storage, but didnt manage to find a way using the envoirment to get to the sd card, when one is installed. This is my code - u will see a missing part when SD card is TRUE. Can you complete it?
public List<string> ReturnPlayableMp3(bool sdCard)
{
List<string> res = new List<string>();
string phyle;
if(sdCard)
{
// missing
}
else
{
try
{
var path1 = Android.OS.Environment.ExternalStorageDirectory.ToString();
var mp3Files = Directory.EnumerateFiles(path1, "*.mp3", SearchOption.AllDirectories);
foreach (string currentFile in mp3Files)
{
phyle = currentFile;
res.Add(phyle);
}
}
catch (Exception e9)
{
Toast.MakeText(ApplicationContext, "ut oh\n" + e9.Message, ToastLength.Long).Show();
}
}
return res;
}
}
It would need to return the exact same thing as it does for the internal storage only this time for the sd card. Right now, what is beeing returned is:
""/storage/emulated/0""
I hope you can help me. Thank you!
SO I found the place it is: /storage/05B6-2226/
But the digits refer to only MY sd card. How do I get this path programatically?

Take a look at these methods:
Context.GetExternalFilesDir
Returns the absolute path to the directory on the primary external
filesystem (that is somewhere on Environment.ExternalStorageDirectory)
where the application can place persistent files it owns. These files
are internal to the applications, and not typically visible to the
user as media.
Context.GetExternalFilesDirs
Returns absolute paths to application-specific directories on all
external storage devices where the application can place persistent
files it owns. These files are internal to the application, and not
typically visible to the user as media.

I've been searching for a couple of days with a lot of solutions that just ended up giving you the 'external' built in storage. Finally found this solution for the 'removable' SD Card and wanted to post it here in case someone else is still looking.
How to write on external storage sd card in mashmallow in xamarin.android

//Get the list of External Storage Volumes (E.g. SD Card)
Context context = Android.App.Application.Context;
var storageManager = (Android.OS.Storage.StorageManager)context.GetSystemService(Context.StorageService);
var volumeList = (Java.Lang.Object[])storageManager.Class.GetDeclaredMethod("getVolumeList").Invoke(storageManager);
List<Java.IO.File> ExtFolders = new List<Java.IO.File>();
//Select the Directories that are not Emulated
foreach (var storage in volumeList)
{
Java.IO.File info = (Java.IO.File)storage.Class.GetDeclaredMethod("getDirectory").Invoke(storage);
if ((bool)storage.Class.GetDeclaredMethod("isEmulated").Invoke(storage) == false && info.TotalSpace > 0)
{
//Get Directory Path
Console.WriteLine(info.Path);
}
}

Just wanna share my answer, where I have get the extStorages Path and I use this method in my simple file browser app.
public static string[] GetRemovableStorages()
{
List<string> extStorage = new List<string>();
//If this throws exception
string storageDir = (string)Environment.StorageDirectory;
//Try this
string storageDir = Directory.GetParent (Environment.ExternalStoragePublicDirectory).Parent.FullName;
string[] directories = Directory.GetDirectories(storageDir);
foreach(string dir in directories)
{
try
{
var extStoragePath = new Java.IO.File(dir);
bool isRemovable = Environment.InvokeIsExternalStorageRemovable(extStoragePath);
if(isRemovable) extStorage.Add(extStoragePath.AbsolutePath);
else return null;
}
catch
{
}
}
return extStorage.ToArray();
}
Elikill58's answer throws exception no such method "getDirectory" in my case but I recommend Elikill58's answer

How get path to secondary external directory for Camera files

I have a device with an SD card. Now I want to check that device has mounted an external SD card and can read files from the public DCIM folder. I know that I can use Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM);, but this method returns only files, that is on primary external memory, not on the mounted SD card (Secondary external storage).
I found that Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM); returns an element with index 1, for the secondary external storage, but this method gets files only for application sandbox (Android/data/packagename). So my question is how get path to secondary external path for public directory like DCIM?

I found solution, here is code snippet:
String strSDCardPath = System.getenv("SECONDARY_STORAGE");
if ((strSDCardPath == null) || (strSDCardPath.length() == 0)) {
strSDCardPath = System.getenv("EXTERNAL_SDCARD_STORAGE");
}
//If may get a full path that is not the right one, even if we don't have the SD Card there.
//We just need the "/mnt/extSdCard/" i.e and check if it's writable
if(strSDCardPath != null) {
if (strSDCardPath.contains(":")) {
strSDCardPath = strSDCardPath.substring(0,strSDCardPath.indexOf(":"));
}
File externalFilePath = new File(strSDCardPath);
if (externalFilePath.exists() && externalFilePath.canWrite()) {
//do what you need here
}
}
For more details, read here: Finding the SDCard Path on Android devices

Have you tried this?
private boolean canWriteToFlash() {
String state = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(state)) {
return true;
} else if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED_READ_ONLY.equals(state)) {
// Read only isn't good enough
return false;
} else {
return false;
} }

For accessing multiple external storage, you could use the api
ContextCompat.getExternalCacheDirs(Context context);
ContextCompat.getExternalFilesDirs(Context context, String type);
This will return a path like /storage/sdcard1/Android/data/com.example.foo/, then you can replace Android/data/com.example.foo/ with DCIM to get the path you want.
This method is not reliable, because the path Android/data/com.example.foo/ will be different or changed in the future, but it worths to have a try.
You can see more information from the official android documents.

Storing .txt files on Android

So I made the grave error of storing a bunch of .txt files in the Assets folder on Android only to discover that it is read-only and I need to be able to write to some of them, delete others and add new ones when needed.
I know I can store it internally or externally on the SD card.
If I store it internally, where do I place all of my files?
Is externally a better idea here?
Thanks
EDIT
It isnt a major problem if they are visible to the user

Here is a sample code i use for getting the storage directory:
/**
* Check if external storage is built-in or removable.
*
* #return True if external storage is removable (like an SD card), false
* otherwise.
*/
#TargetApi(9)
public static boolean isExternalStorageRemovable() {
if (hasGingerbread()) {
return Environment.isExternalStorageRemovable();
}
return true;
}
/**
* Get the external app cache directory.
*
* #param context The context to use
* #return The external cache dir
*/
#TargetApi(8)
public static File getExternalCacheDir(Context context) {
if (hasFroyo()) {
return context.getExternalCacheDir();
}
// Before Froyo we need to construct the external cache dir ourselves
final String cacheDir = "/Android/data/" + context.getPackageName() + "/cache/";
return new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath() + cacheDir);
}
/**
* Get a usable cache directory (external if available, internal otherwise).
*
* #param context The context to use
* #param uniqueName A unique directory name to append to the cache dir
* #return The cache dir
*/
public static File getDiskCacheDir(Context context, String uniqueName) {
// Check if media is mounted or storage is built-in, if so, try and use external cache dir
// otherwise use internal cache dir
final String cachePath =
Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(Environment.getExternalStorageState()) ||
!isExternalStorageRemovable() ? getExternalCacheDir(context).getPath() :
context.getCacheDir().getPath();
return new File(cachePath + File.separator + uniqueName);
}
And you got yourself a path to place your files....
And now to place them upon install, you should copy them on first run from your assets to that folder, or create them and populate them depending on your needs....and no there is no other way to have files shipped with your app, they can come in assets, you can create them from your app, or download them from some server.
Edit1: the folder will be in Android/data/your_package_name/cache+anything you want...
and the two functions used for gingerbread and froyo:
public static boolean hasFroyo() {
// Can use static final constants like FROYO, declared in later versions
// of the OS since they are inlined at compile time. This is guaranteed behavior.
return Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.FROYO;
}
public static boolean hasGingerbread() {
return Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.GINGERBREAD;
}

How to get the internal and external sdcard path in android

Most of the new android devices have an internal sdcard and an external sdcard. I want to make a file explorer app but I can't find out how to get the path to use in my app because
File file = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
just returns in most device /mnt/sdcard
but there is another path for the other external sdcard like /storage1 or /storage2
. Any help appreciated.

How to get the internal and external sdcard path in android
Methods to store in Internal Storage:
File getDir (String name, int mode)
File getFilesDir ()
Above methods are present in Context class
Methods to store in phone's internal memory:
File getExternalStorageDirectory ()
File getExternalFilesDir (String type)
File getExternalStoragePublicDirectory (String type)
In the beginning, everyone used Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() , which pointed to the root of phone's internal memory. As a result, root directory was filled with random content.
Later, these two methods were added:
In Context class they added getExternalFilesDir(), pointing to an app-specific directory on phone's internal memory. This directory and its contents will be deleted when the app is uninstalled.
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory() for centralized places to store well-known file types, like photos and movies. This directory and its contents will NOT be deleted when the app is uninstalled.
Methods to store in Removable Storage i.e. micro SD card
Before API level 19, there was no official way to store in SD card. But many could do it using unofficial APIs.
Officially, one method was introduced in Context class in API level 19 (Android version 4.4 - Kitkat).
File[] getExternalFilesDirs (String type)
It returns absolute paths to application-specific directories on all
shared/external storage devices where the application can place
persistent files it owns. These files are internal to the application,
and not typically visible to the user as media.
That means, it will return paths to both Micro SD card and Internal memory. Generally, second returned path would be storage path of micro SD card.
The Internal and External Storage terminology according to Google/official Android docs is quite different from what we think.

Yes. Different manufacturer use different SDcard name like in Samsung Tab 3 its extsd, and other samsung devices use sdcard like this different manufacturer use different names.
I had the same requirement as you. so i have created a sample example for you from my project goto this link Android Directory chooser example which uses the androi-dirchooser library. This example detect the SDcard and list all the subfolders and it also detects if the device has morethan one SDcard.
Part of the code looks like this For full example goto the link Android Directory Chooser
/**
* Returns the path to internal storage ex:- /storage/emulated/0
*
* #return
*/
private String getInternalDirectoryPath() {
return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath();
}
/**
* Returns the SDcard storage path for samsung ex:- /storage/extSdCard
*
* #return
*/
private String getSDcardDirectoryPath() {
return System.getenv("SECONDARY_STORAGE");
}
mSdcardLayout.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
#Override
public void onClick(View view) {
String sdCardPath;
/***
* Null check because user may click on already selected buton before selecting the folder
* And mSelectedDir may contain some wrong path like when user confirm dialog and swith back again
*/
if (mSelectedDir != null && !mSelectedDir.getAbsolutePath().contains(System.getenv("SECONDARY_STORAGE"))) {
mCurrentInternalPath = mSelectedDir.getAbsolutePath();
} else {
mCurrentInternalPath = getInternalDirectoryPath();
}
if (mCurrentSDcardPath != null) {
sdCardPath = mCurrentSDcardPath;
} else {
sdCardPath = getSDcardDirectoryPath();
}
//When there is only one SDcard
if (sdCardPath != null) {
if (!sdCardPath.contains(":")) {
updateButtonColor(STORAGE_EXTERNAL);
File dir = new File(sdCardPath);
changeDirectory(dir);
} else if (sdCardPath.contains(":")) {
//Multiple Sdcards show root folder and remove the Internal storage from that.
updateButtonColor(STORAGE_EXTERNAL);
File dir = new File("/storage");
changeDirectory(dir);
}
} else {
//In some unknown scenario at least we can list the root folder
updateButtonColor(STORAGE_EXTERNAL);
File dir = new File("/storage");
changeDirectory(dir);
}
}
});

For all Android versions,
Permissions:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" android:maxSdkVersion="29" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" android:maxSdkVersion="29" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" tools:ignore="ScopedStorage" />
Use requestLegacyExternalStorage for Android 10 (add to AndroidManifest > application tag):
android:requestLegacyExternalStorage="true"
Get internal directory path:
#Nullable
public static String getInternalStorageDirectoryPath(Context context) {
String storageDirectoryPath;
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
StorageManager storageManager = (StorageManager) context.getSystemService(Context.STORAGE_SERVICE);
if(storageManager == null) {
storageDirectoryPath = null; //you can replace it with the Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()
} else {
storageDirectoryPath = storageManager.getPrimaryStorageVolume().getDirectory().getAbsolutePath();
}
} else {
storageDirectoryPath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath();
}
return storageDirectoryPath;
}
Get external directories:
#NonNull
public static List<String> getExternalStorageDirectoryPaths(Context context) {
List<String> externalPaths = new ArrayList<>();
String internalStoragePath = getInternalStorageDirectoryPath(context);
File[] allExternalFilesDirs = ContextCompat.getExternalFilesDirs(context, null);
for(File filesDir : allExternalFilesDirs) {
if(filesDir != null) {
int nameSubPos = filesDir.getAbsolutePath().lastIndexOf("/Android/data");
if(nameSubPos > 0) {
String filesDirName = filesDir.getAbsolutePath().substring(0, nameSubPos);
if(!filesDirName.equals(internalStoragePath)) {
externalPaths.add(filesDirName);
}
}
}
}
return externalPaths;
}

Since there is no direct meathod to get the paths the solution may be
Scan the /system/etc/vold.fstab file and look for lines like this:
dev_mount sdcard /mnt/sdcard 1
/devices/platform/s3c-sdhci.0/mmc_host/mmc0
When one is found, split it into its elements and then pull out the
path to the that mount point and add it to the arraylist
emphasized textsome devices are missing the vold file entirely so we add a path here
to make sure the list always includes the path to the first sdcard,
whether real or emulated.
sVold.add("/mnt/sdcard");
try {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(new File("/system/etc/vold.fstab"));
while (scanner.hasNext()) {
String line = scanner.nextLine();
if (line.startsWith("dev_mount")) {
String[] lineElements = line.split(" ");
String element = lineElements[2];
if (element.contains(":"))
element = element.substring(0, element.indexOf(":"));
if (element.contains("usb"))
continue;
// don't add the default vold path
// it's already in the list.
if (!sVold.contains(element))
sVold.add(element);
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// swallow - don't care
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
Now that we have a cleaned list of mount paths, test each one to make
sure it's a valid and available path. If it is not, remove it from
the list.
private static void testAndCleanList()
{
for (int i = 0; i < sVold.size(); i++) {
String voldPath = sVold.get(i);
File path = new File(voldPath);
if (!path.exists() || !path.isDirectory() || !path.canWrite())
sVold.remove(i--);
}
}

I'm not sure how general an answer this but I tested it on a motorola XT830C with Android 4.4 and on a Nexus 7 android 6.0.1. and on a Samsung SM-T530NU Android 5.0.2.
I used System.getenv("SECONDARY_STORAGE") and Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath().
The Nexus which has no second SD card, System.getenv returns null and Envirnoment.getExterna... gives /storage/emulated/0.
The motorola device which has an external SD card gives /storage/sdcard1 for System.getenv("SECONDARY_STORAGE") and Envirnoment.getExterna... gives /storage/emulated/0.
The samsumg returns /storage/extSdCard for the external SD.
In my case I am making a subdirectory on the external location and am using
appDirectory = (System.getenv("SECONDARY_STORAGE") == null)
? Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()
: System.getenv("SECONDARY_STORAGE");
to find the sdcard. Making a subdirectory in this directory is working.Of course I had to set permission in the manifest file to access the external memory.
I also have a Nook 8" color tablet. When I get a chance to test on them, I'll post if I have any problems with this approach.

but there is another path for the other external sdcard like /storage1 or /storage2
There is nothing in the Android SDK -- at least through Android 4.1 -- that gives you access to those paths. They may not be readable or writable by your app, anyway. The behavior of such storage locations, and what they are used for, is up to device manufacturers.

File main=new File(String.valueOf(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()));
File[]t=main.getParentFile().listFiles();
for(File dir:t)
{
Log.e("Main",dir.getAbsolutePath());
}
Output:
E/Main: /storage/sdcard1
E/Main: /storage/sdcard0
I have one SD card and inbuilt memory.

There is no public api for get internal/external sdcard path.
But there is platform api called StorageManager in android.os.storage package. see http://goo.gl/QJj1eu .
There are some features such as list storage, mount/unmount storage, get mount state, get storage path, etc.
But it is hidden api and it should be deprecated or broken in next android release.
And some methods need special permission, and most are not Documented.

Try this code it will help
Map<String, File> externalLocations = ExternalStorage.getAllStorageLocations();
File sdCard = externalLocations.get(ExternalStorage.SD_CARD);
File externalSdCard = externalLocations.get(ExternalStorage.EXTERNAL_SD_CARD);