Android Studio: How to run a single test on x86 - android

I am using two different flavors for two different architectures, because I have very large native libraries, and I want smaller binaries.
When I click on the "Run" icon, Android Studio ALWAYS builds and deploys the "Arm" flavor of our product. If I run this on an x86 emulator it fails because it doesn't have the libraries for x86.
Anybody know how to convince Android Studio to deploy the right version for a particular emulator?

Try using the abiFilter property in your build.gradle.
This post explains how to use native libraries in different architectures:
In Chapter Building one APK per architecture, and doing it well! it says:
Use flavors to build one APK per architecture really easily, by using abiFilter property.
Try adding this to your gradle.build:
android{
...
productFlavors {
x86 {
ndk {
abiFilter "x86"
}
}
mips {
ndk {
abiFilter "mips"
}
}
armv7 {
ndk {
abiFilter "armeabi-v7a"
}
}
arm {
ndk {
abiFilter "armeabi"
}
}
fat
}
}
You might just need the arm & x86.
After this, synchronize the project with the gradle file using
Tools > Android > Sync Project with Gradle Files
Now you should be able to switch between build variants and one APK by architecture should be generated.
Select Build Variants in the lower left corner. You should be able to switch between the different architectures in the Build Variant dropdown.
Hope this helps.

First of all, there's now an easier way to distribute to different ABI's without using flavours - This is new to Android gradle 0.13.0 (2014/09/18) - http://tools.android.com/tech-docs/new-build-system/user-guide/apk-splits
There it says: Using the new Split mechanism, building a hdpi, and an mdpi version of the same app will share a lot of the tasks (like javac, dx, proguard). Additionally, it will be considered a single variant and the same test app will be used to test every multi-apk.
Maybe that will help you manage the tests easier

Related

Playstore Upload error : Google Play 64-bit requirement [duplicate]

I've just received and read a newsletter from Google Play mentioning that from next year on, the store "will require that new apps and app updates with native libraries provide 64-bit versions in addition to their 32-bit versions".
For those who haven't read it yet, it states:
64-bit support requirement in 2019
Platform support for 64-bit architectures was introduced in Android
5.0. Today, over 40% of Android devices coming online have 64-bit support, while still maintaining 32-bit compatibility. For apps that
use native libraries, 64-bit code typically offers significantly
better performance, with additional registers and new instructions.
In anticipation of future Android devices that support 64-bit code
only, the Play Console will require that new apps and app updates with
native libraries provide 64-bit versions in addition to their 32-bit
versions. This can be within a single APK or as one of the multiple
APKs published.
We are not removing 32-bit support. Google Play will continue to
support 32-bit apps and devices. Apps that do not include native code
are unaffected.
This change will come into effect in August 2019. We're providing
advance notice today to allow plenty of time for developers who don't
yet support 64-bit to plan the transition. Stay tuned for a future
post in which we'll take an in-depth look at the performance benefits
of 64-bit native libraries on Android, and check out the CPUs and
Architectures guide of the NDK for more info.
What practical changes will we need to make to perfectly comply with this new requirement when applicable?
According to an official email sent by the Google Play Team, the action required is:
If you haven't yet, we encourage you to begin work for the 64-bit
requirement as soon as possible. Many apps are written entirely in
non-native code (e.g. the Java programming language or Kotlin) and
will not need code changes.
Please note that we are not making changes to our policy on 32-bit
support. Google Play will continue to deliver apps with 32-bit native
code to 32-bit devices. The requirement means that those apps will
need to have a 64-bit version as well.
To help you make the transition, we've prepared documentation on how
to check whether your app already supports 64-bit and how to become
64-bit compliant.
We're also providing a high-level timeline below.
So, the linked documentation explains:
If your app uses only code written in the Java programming language or
Kotlin, including any libraries or SDKs, your app is already ready for
64-bit devices. If your app uses any native code, or you are unsure if
it does, you will need to assess your app and take action.
[...]
The simplest way to check for 64-bit libraries is to inspect the
structure of your APK file. When built, the APK will be packaged with
any native libraries needed by the app. Native libraries are stored in
various folders based on the ABI. It is not required to support every
64-bit architecture, but for each native 32-bit architecture you
support you must include the corresponding 64-bit architecture.
For the ARM architecture, the 32-bit libraries are located in
armeabi-v7a. The 64-bit equivalent is arm64-v8a.
For the x86 architecture, look for x86 for 32-bit and x86_64 for
64-bit.
The first thing to do is ensure that you have native libraries in both
of these folders.[...]
And, to build 64-bit libraries, you basically need to follow the instructions below:
Most Android Studio projects use Gradle as the underlying build
system, so this section applies to both cases. Enabling builds for
your native code is as simple as adding the arm64-v8a and/or x86_64,
depending on the architecture(s) you wish to support, to the
ndk.abiFilters setting in your app's 'build.gradle' file:
// Your app's build.gradle
apply plugin: 'com.android.app'
android {
compileSdkVersion 27
defaultConfig {
appId "com.google.example.64bit"
minSdkVersion 15
targetSdkVersion 28
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
ndk.abiFilters 'armeabi-v7a', 'arm64-v8a', 'x86', 'x86_64'
// ...
Finally, a quick note:
The 64-bit version of your app should offer the same quality and
feature set as the 32-bit version.
By the way, this official video talks a little bit about it.
If you have no native (NDK) code, that is you only write Java/Dex code, then you don't need to do anything.
If you have native code (or libraries) then you need to supply their 64-bit versions.
As per documentation here, if your app is using native code or external library, for example, realm (in the picture below) which is based on native, then a support for 64-bit should be provided. If any of external libraries in your app which uses any C/C++ (native) should have both 32-bit and 64-bit architecture support otherwise you should make contact with the library owner. In Android Studio, we can check whether versions for both architectures are available by Build > Analyze APK and the following window appears:
If you are using NDK and creating native code, you should provide support for all architecture by enlisting them in the gradle as:
defaultConfig {
ndk.abiFilters = 'armeabi-v7a' 'arm64-v8a' 'x86' 'x86_64'
}
If your Android APK is not including 64-bit support, you need not to worry.
Go to Build -> Analyze APK, in Android Studio. You are able to see APK structure. Under lib, if you see armeabi-v7a libraries and if you do not have any arm64-v8a or x86_64 libraries, then your APK does not support 64-bit architecture.
Just go to app level build.gradle and add abiFilters in NDK under defaultConfig as below:
ndk {
abiFilters 'armeabi-v7a','arm64-v8a','x86','x86_64'
}
Step 1 :
app=> build.gradle (put below code in build.gradle)
android {
........
defaultConfig {
.........
ndk {
abiFilters = []
abiFilters.addAll(PROP_APP_ABI.split(':').collect{it as String})
}
........
}
.......
packagingOptions {
exclude 'lib/armeabi-v7a/libARM_ARCH.so'
}
}
Step : 2
gradle.properties
(put below line in gradle.properties)
PROP_APP_ABI=armeabi-v7a:arm64-v8a
Step 3 : Build propject again. Try to upload that apk to play store.
Adding
ndk {
abiFilters 'armeabi-v7a','arm64-v8a','x86','x86_64'
}
in the build.Gradle file under DefaultConfig. Note that push to play store 64-bit requirement is coming.
I tried this By Official Android Docs. Working Excellent.
In this Solution, I have Build Multi APKs You can see in Attachment...
Make Sure Your Compile Skd Version is 29 or Build Tools Version Is 29.0.3 Written Bellow:
Android {
compileSdkVersion 29
buildToolsVersion '29.0.3'
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.myapp.sk"
minSdkVersion 21
targetSdkVersion 29
versionCode 2
versionName "1.0"
multiDexEnabled true
testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}
splits {
density {
enable true
reset()
include "mdpi", "hdpi"
}
abi {
enable true
reset()
include "x86", "x86_64"
}
}
}
// Map for the version code that gives each ABI a value.
ext.abiCodes = ['armeabi-v7a':1, x86:2, x86_64:3]
// For per-density APKs, create a similar map like this:
// ext.densityCodes = ['mdpi': 1, 'hdpi': 2, 'xhdpi': 3]
import com.android.build.OutputFile
// For each APK output variant, override versionCode with a combination of
// ext.abiCodes * 1000 + variant.versionCode. In this example, variant.versionCode
// is equal to defaultConfig.versionCode. If you configure product flavors that
// define their own versionCode, variant.versionCode uses that value instead.
android.applicationVariants.all { variant ->
// Assigns a different version code for each output APK
// other than the universal APK.
variant.outputs.each { output ->
// Stores the value of ext.abiCodes that is associated with the ABI for this variant.
def baseAbiVersionCode =
// Determines the ABI for this variant and returns the mapped value.
project.ext.abiCodes.get(output.getFilter(OutputFile.ABI))
// Because abiCodes.get() returns null for ABIs that are not mapped by ext.abiCodes,
// the following code does not override the version code for universal APKs.
// However, because we want universal APKs to have the lowest version code,
// this outcome is desirable.
if (baseAbiVersionCode != null) {
// Assigns the new version code to versionCodeOverride, which changes the version code
// for only the output APK, not for the variant itself. Skipping this step simply
// causes Gradle to use the value of variant.versionCode for the APK.
output.versionCodeOverride =
baseAbiVersionCode * 1000 + variant.versionCode
}
}
}
Multi-Aks Attachment
Native code: refers to an executable program that was compiled directly to the CPU instructions of the computer it is running on.
Non-native code: refers to an executable program that was compiled to the CPU instructions of the original Tandem architecture of the late 1970s and 1980s. When such a program is run, it cannot execute directly on the CPU of the computer it is running on. The NonStop operating system includes an interpreter for that original Tandem architecture, which is used to run such non-native code.
If your app uses only code written in the Java programming language or Kotlin, including any libraries or SDKs, your app is already ready for 64-bit devices. If your app uses any native code, or you are unsure if it does, you will need to assess your app and take action.
Does your app use native code?
The first thing to do is to check to see if your app uses any native code. Your app makes use of native code if it:
uses any C/C++ (native) code in your app.
links with any third party native libraries.
is built by a third party app builder that uses native libraries.
For more, visit the docs.
Option 1 - remove lib from APK.
Step 1 - convert the APK to ZIP and find lib folder; if you have lib folder, see the library dependency.
Step 2 - remove dependency from build Gradle.
Option 2 - Download 64-bit and 32-bit JAR file and add in your lib folder in app and build.
first open build.gradle module app and add these lines in order to remove .so files and add 64 bit liobraries
removing all .so files present in libs of apk
android {
compileSdkVersion 29
defaultConfig {
-----
-----
ndk.abiFilters 'armeabi-v7a','arm64-v8a','x86','x86_64'
ndk {
abiFilters 'armeabi-v7a','arm64-v8a','x86','x86_64'
}
testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}
packagingOptions{
packagingOptions {
exclude 'lib/armeabi-v7a/libvudroid.so'
exclude 'lib/x86/libvudroid.so'
exclude 'lib/arm64-v8a/libvudroid.so'
}
}`
In my case, I was using a library (ESRI ArcGIS for Android) that makes use of OpenGL C libraries. Instead of the ndk.abiFilters... string that seems to fix everyone else's issues, I had to use the following:
ndk { abiFilters "armeabi-v7a", "arm64-v8a" }
Add this in your build.gradle
ndk.abiFilters 'arm64-v8a','x86_64'

Android ABI split migrating to App Bundle

I'm planning to migrate from ABI split to App Bundle feature. Currently I'm using this code:
def versionCodesAbi = ['x86': 1, 'x86_64': 2, 'armeabi-v7a': 3, 'arm64-v8a': 4]
splits {
abi {
enable true
reset()
include "x86", "x86_64", "armeabi-v7a", "arm64-v8a"
// "armeabi", "mips", "mips64" last three not needed and not supported currently
universalApk true
}
}
android.applicationVariants.all { variant ->
variant.outputs.each { output ->
def abi = versionCodesAbi.get(output.getFilter(OutputFile.ABI))
if (abi != null) {
output.versionCodeOverride =
abi * 1000 + variant.versionCode
}
}
}
which gives 4 APKs per ABI (+ universal one). The reason of using this code is to reduce app size, because of PanoWidget (uses NDK) and
renderscriptTargetApi 28
renderscriptSupportModeEnabled true
After removing splits configuration (+4001 to versionCode) and building Bundle I got .aab file, which converted to .apks (using bundletool) contains folder standalones/. Inside I have four "kinds" of APK, for x86, x86_64, armeabi-v7a and arm64-v8a ABIs. Everything looks fine for now.
Now I've noticed that apps code isn't using RenderScript at all, so I think it's redundant to use supportMode and targetApi. I've removed these two lines, tested on devices/emulator, everything works fine. So next I'm producing Bundle and now it doesn't have x86_64 APK version inside .apks archive... Should it be ommitted without RenderScript support? I'm still using VrPanoramaView and it probably have some specific NDK code for every ABI (don't see on GitHub)... Sadly I don't have x86 (32 or 64) device for testing and nom I'm afraid of releasing this Bundle... Am I missing smth, do I even need _64 version?
Edit:
Removing these two options in the build.gradle will remove the native libraries that were used by RenderScript: librsjni.so and libRSSupport.so. These two libraries will be removed for all ABIs.
Since after disabling RenderScript, you still have 3 ABIs, it looks like your app depends on other libraries which make use of native code, but don't provide the libraries for the x86_64 architecture, which is why the x86_64 directory disappears. This probably means that your app never worked properly on x86_64 before since the x86_64 directory would be loaded by the platform but some native libraries would be missing.
Eventually, you should identify which library brings these native libraries and see if they can also build the 64 bit version, but in the short term, nothing will break since the x86_64 devices also support x86 (32-bit) libraries.
Previous post:
If you have any *.bc files in your APK, the 64-bit libraries are removed from the APKs because those RenderScript files are 32-bit only and cannot be loaded in a 64-bit process.
If you migrate to a more recent version of RenderScript, the *.bc files won't be generated and the 64-bit native libraries will be present again in the APKs. Or if you don't need RenderScript at all, then remove those files completely.

How to make Android apps which support both 32-bit and 64-bit architecture?

I've just received and read a newsletter from Google Play mentioning that from next year on, the store "will require that new apps and app updates with native libraries provide 64-bit versions in addition to their 32-bit versions".
For those who haven't read it yet, it states:
64-bit support requirement in 2019
Platform support for 64-bit architectures was introduced in Android
5.0. Today, over 40% of Android devices coming online have 64-bit support, while still maintaining 32-bit compatibility. For apps that
use native libraries, 64-bit code typically offers significantly
better performance, with additional registers and new instructions.
In anticipation of future Android devices that support 64-bit code
only, the Play Console will require that new apps and app updates with
native libraries provide 64-bit versions in addition to their 32-bit
versions. This can be within a single APK or as one of the multiple
APKs published.
We are not removing 32-bit support. Google Play will continue to
support 32-bit apps and devices. Apps that do not include native code
are unaffected.
This change will come into effect in August 2019. We're providing
advance notice today to allow plenty of time for developers who don't
yet support 64-bit to plan the transition. Stay tuned for a future
post in which we'll take an in-depth look at the performance benefits
of 64-bit native libraries on Android, and check out the CPUs and
Architectures guide of the NDK for more info.
What practical changes will we need to make to perfectly comply with this new requirement when applicable?
According to an official email sent by the Google Play Team, the action required is:
If you haven't yet, we encourage you to begin work for the 64-bit
requirement as soon as possible. Many apps are written entirely in
non-native code (e.g. the Java programming language or Kotlin) and
will not need code changes.
Please note that we are not making changes to our policy on 32-bit
support. Google Play will continue to deliver apps with 32-bit native
code to 32-bit devices. The requirement means that those apps will
need to have a 64-bit version as well.
To help you make the transition, we've prepared documentation on how
to check whether your app already supports 64-bit and how to become
64-bit compliant.
We're also providing a high-level timeline below.
So, the linked documentation explains:
If your app uses only code written in the Java programming language or
Kotlin, including any libraries or SDKs, your app is already ready for
64-bit devices. If your app uses any native code, or you are unsure if
it does, you will need to assess your app and take action.
[...]
The simplest way to check for 64-bit libraries is to inspect the
structure of your APK file. When built, the APK will be packaged with
any native libraries needed by the app. Native libraries are stored in
various folders based on the ABI. It is not required to support every
64-bit architecture, but for each native 32-bit architecture you
support you must include the corresponding 64-bit architecture.
For the ARM architecture, the 32-bit libraries are located in
armeabi-v7a. The 64-bit equivalent is arm64-v8a.
For the x86 architecture, look for x86 for 32-bit and x86_64 for
64-bit.
The first thing to do is ensure that you have native libraries in both
of these folders.[...]
And, to build 64-bit libraries, you basically need to follow the instructions below:
Most Android Studio projects use Gradle as the underlying build
system, so this section applies to both cases. Enabling builds for
your native code is as simple as adding the arm64-v8a and/or x86_64,
depending on the architecture(s) you wish to support, to the
ndk.abiFilters setting in your app's 'build.gradle' file:
// Your app's build.gradle
apply plugin: 'com.android.app'
android {
compileSdkVersion 27
defaultConfig {
appId "com.google.example.64bit"
minSdkVersion 15
targetSdkVersion 28
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
ndk.abiFilters 'armeabi-v7a', 'arm64-v8a', 'x86', 'x86_64'
// ...
Finally, a quick note:
The 64-bit version of your app should offer the same quality and
feature set as the 32-bit version.
By the way, this official video talks a little bit about it.
If you have no native (NDK) code, that is you only write Java/Dex code, then you don't need to do anything.
If you have native code (or libraries) then you need to supply their 64-bit versions.
As per documentation here, if your app is using native code or external library, for example, realm (in the picture below) which is based on native, then a support for 64-bit should be provided. If any of external libraries in your app which uses any C/C++ (native) should have both 32-bit and 64-bit architecture support otherwise you should make contact with the library owner. In Android Studio, we can check whether versions for both architectures are available by Build > Analyze APK and the following window appears:
If you are using NDK and creating native code, you should provide support for all architecture by enlisting them in the gradle as:
defaultConfig {
ndk.abiFilters = 'armeabi-v7a' 'arm64-v8a' 'x86' 'x86_64'
}
If your Android APK is not including 64-bit support, you need not to worry.
Go to Build -> Analyze APK, in Android Studio. You are able to see APK structure. Under lib, if you see armeabi-v7a libraries and if you do not have any arm64-v8a or x86_64 libraries, then your APK does not support 64-bit architecture.
Just go to app level build.gradle and add abiFilters in NDK under defaultConfig as below:
ndk {
abiFilters 'armeabi-v7a','arm64-v8a','x86','x86_64'
}
Step 1 :
app=> build.gradle (put below code in build.gradle)
android {
........
defaultConfig {
.........
ndk {
abiFilters = []
abiFilters.addAll(PROP_APP_ABI.split(':').collect{it as String})
}
........
}
.......
packagingOptions {
exclude 'lib/armeabi-v7a/libARM_ARCH.so'
}
}
Step : 2
gradle.properties
(put below line in gradle.properties)
PROP_APP_ABI=armeabi-v7a:arm64-v8a
Step 3 : Build propject again. Try to upload that apk to play store.
Adding
ndk {
abiFilters 'armeabi-v7a','arm64-v8a','x86','x86_64'
}
in the build.Gradle file under DefaultConfig. Note that push to play store 64-bit requirement is coming.
I tried this By Official Android Docs. Working Excellent.
In this Solution, I have Build Multi APKs You can see in Attachment...
Make Sure Your Compile Skd Version is 29 or Build Tools Version Is 29.0.3 Written Bellow:
Android {
compileSdkVersion 29
buildToolsVersion '29.0.3'
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.myapp.sk"
minSdkVersion 21
targetSdkVersion 29
versionCode 2
versionName "1.0"
multiDexEnabled true
testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}
splits {
density {
enable true
reset()
include "mdpi", "hdpi"
}
abi {
enable true
reset()
include "x86", "x86_64"
}
}
}
// Map for the version code that gives each ABI a value.
ext.abiCodes = ['armeabi-v7a':1, x86:2, x86_64:3]
// For per-density APKs, create a similar map like this:
// ext.densityCodes = ['mdpi': 1, 'hdpi': 2, 'xhdpi': 3]
import com.android.build.OutputFile
// For each APK output variant, override versionCode with a combination of
// ext.abiCodes * 1000 + variant.versionCode. In this example, variant.versionCode
// is equal to defaultConfig.versionCode. If you configure product flavors that
// define their own versionCode, variant.versionCode uses that value instead.
android.applicationVariants.all { variant ->
// Assigns a different version code for each output APK
// other than the universal APK.
variant.outputs.each { output ->
// Stores the value of ext.abiCodes that is associated with the ABI for this variant.
def baseAbiVersionCode =
// Determines the ABI for this variant and returns the mapped value.
project.ext.abiCodes.get(output.getFilter(OutputFile.ABI))
// Because abiCodes.get() returns null for ABIs that are not mapped by ext.abiCodes,
// the following code does not override the version code for universal APKs.
// However, because we want universal APKs to have the lowest version code,
// this outcome is desirable.
if (baseAbiVersionCode != null) {
// Assigns the new version code to versionCodeOverride, which changes the version code
// for only the output APK, not for the variant itself. Skipping this step simply
// causes Gradle to use the value of variant.versionCode for the APK.
output.versionCodeOverride =
baseAbiVersionCode * 1000 + variant.versionCode
}
}
}
Multi-Aks Attachment
Native code: refers to an executable program that was compiled directly to the CPU instructions of the computer it is running on.
Non-native code: refers to an executable program that was compiled to the CPU instructions of the original Tandem architecture of the late 1970s and 1980s. When such a program is run, it cannot execute directly on the CPU of the computer it is running on. The NonStop operating system includes an interpreter for that original Tandem architecture, which is used to run such non-native code.
If your app uses only code written in the Java programming language or Kotlin, including any libraries or SDKs, your app is already ready for 64-bit devices. If your app uses any native code, or you are unsure if it does, you will need to assess your app and take action.
Does your app use native code?
The first thing to do is to check to see if your app uses any native code. Your app makes use of native code if it:
uses any C/C++ (native) code in your app.
links with any third party native libraries.
is built by a third party app builder that uses native libraries.
For more, visit the docs.
Option 1 - remove lib from APK.
Step 1 - convert the APK to ZIP and find lib folder; if you have lib folder, see the library dependency.
Step 2 - remove dependency from build Gradle.
Option 2 - Download 64-bit and 32-bit JAR file and add in your lib folder in app and build.
first open build.gradle module app and add these lines in order to remove .so files and add 64 bit liobraries
removing all .so files present in libs of apk
android {
compileSdkVersion 29
defaultConfig {
-----
-----
ndk.abiFilters 'armeabi-v7a','arm64-v8a','x86','x86_64'
ndk {
abiFilters 'armeabi-v7a','arm64-v8a','x86','x86_64'
}
testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}
packagingOptions{
packagingOptions {
exclude 'lib/armeabi-v7a/libvudroid.so'
exclude 'lib/x86/libvudroid.so'
exclude 'lib/arm64-v8a/libvudroid.so'
}
}`
In my case, I was using a library (ESRI ArcGIS for Android) that makes use of OpenGL C libraries. Instead of the ndk.abiFilters... string that seems to fix everyone else's issues, I had to use the following:
ndk { abiFilters "armeabi-v7a", "arm64-v8a" }
Add this in your build.gradle
ndk.abiFilters 'arm64-v8a','x86_64'

How to install a specific APK on my device

I do not use Android Studio but I do everything from the command line. I am building different APKs for different architectures so my build.gradle looks like this:
...
splits {
// Configures multiple APKs based on ABI.
abi {
// Enables building multiple APKs per ABI.
enable true
// By default all ABIs are included, so use reset() and include to specify that we only
// want APKs for x86, armeabi-v7a, and mips.
// Resets the list of ABIs that Gradle should create APKs for to none.
reset()
// Specifies a list of ABIs that Gradle should create APKs for.
include "armeabi", "armeabi-v7a", "arm64-v8a"
// Specifies that we do not want to also generate a universal APK that includes all ABIs.
universalApk false
}
}
I then use the method described here to assign different version codes to the individual APKs.
This all works fine except that when I say
./gradlew tasks
there is only one task named installRelease. Running this task will then automatically choose an appropriate APK and install it.
However, I'd like to test the individual APKs separately, i.e. on my 64-bit Android device I'd first like to test armeabi, then armeabi-v7a, and finally arm64-v8a. When running installRelease, however, gradle will always automatically install arm64-v8a. So how can I force gradle to install a specific architecture?
Previously, I was using this code in build.gradle instead of the splits code shown above:
productFlavors {
arm7 {
// in the future, ndk.abiFilter might also work
ndk {
abiFilter 'armeabi-v7a'
}
}
arm8 {
ndk {
abiFilters 'arm64-v8a'
}
}
arm {
ndk {
abiFilter 'armeabi'
}
}
}
When using this code, gradle offered individual tasks named installArmRelease, installArm7Release, and installArm8Release which was exactly what I was looking for but I had to drop this code because I didn't find a way to use it alongside the code that generates different version codes for the individual APKs as described here.

Using Gradle flavors on vlc-android-sdk

In my app I'm using "de.mrmaffen:vlc-android-sdk:2.0.6" library and it's taking much storage but I can't find a smaller alternative.
So I decided as CommonsWare mentioned to use splits or product flavors but I can't get it to work.
I tried to follow the docs with no luck.
Any help appreciated.
Building the LibVLC Android SDK yourself
If you are using "de.mrmaffen:vlc-android-sdk:2.0.6", buid the LibVLC Android SDK yourself
As explained here, afterwards simply run this Gradle command: ./gradlew buildLibVlc
Building a specific version of the LibVLC Android SDK
cd vlc-android // if this folder doesn't exist yet, simply run ./gradlew cloneVlcAndroid
git tag // to list all release versions
git checkout {tag-name} // to checkout the git repo at the given tag
cd ..
./gradlew buildLibVlc // build it
Make sure you followed the Android compile instructions in terms of dependencies and check this:
git clone repo.
open up a command prompt in this repo. "cd" or change directory into
it.
git clone .
change directory into the vlc-android directory.
git tag
git checkout <tag_version>. In this case, 2.1.2.
cd ..
comment out both the compile/build of the build.gradle script that
you don't need.
./gradlew buildLibVlc
you should have a successful build with both the Java sources and
shared object (*.so) files in the jniLibs folder.
create a libs folder right next to the jniLibs folder if you
updated the gradle version.
Get it via Maven CentralJCenter
Just add this dependency to your project and you're good to go.
dependencies {
implementation 'de.mrmaffen:libvlc-android:2.1.12#aar'
}
I'm using this version. Remember to add JCenter to your project's build.gradle file:
allprojects {
repositories {
jcenter()
}
}
VLC Android SDK via JCenter supports the next ABIs: armeabi-v7a, arm64-v8a, x86 and x86_64.
You can filter specific ABIs in your app's build.gradle file (x86_64 and arm64-v8a are excluded):
android {
ndk {
abiFilters "armeabi-v7a", "x86"
}
}
It's possible to check included files in mrmaffen's repository and via recent Android Studio versions:
Configure multiple APKs for ABIs
Add an abi block inside
your splits block. In your abi block, provide a list of desired ABIs. Source
android {
...
splits {
// Configures multiple APKs based on ABI.
abi {
// Enables building multiple APKs per ABI.
enable true
// By default all ABIs are included, so use reset() and include to specify that we only
// want APKs for x86 and armeabi-v7a.
// Resets the list of ABIs that Gradle should create APKs for to none.
reset()
// Specifies a list of ABIs that Gradle should create APKs for.
include "x86", "armeabi-v7a"
// Specifies that we do not want to also generate a universal APK that includes all ABIs.
universalApk false
}
}
}
Build multiple APKs
Click Build > Build APK to build all APKs for the currently selected
module in the Project pane.
Gradle creates the APKs for each ABI
into the project's build/outputs/apk/ directory.
Configure Build Variants
This page builds on the Configure Your Build Overview to show you how you can configure build variants to create different versions of your app.
Combine abi filters and build variants
Exclude abi from apk
android {
productFlavors {
x86 {
ndk {
abiFilter "x86"
}
}
arm {
ndk {
abiFilters "armeabi-v7a", "armeabi"
}
}
}
}
Multi-APK through ABI and density splits
How to reduce the number of APKs with ABI splits
Here’s
a code snippet that you can use to set version codes for ABI splits.
Give the x86_64 and x86 higher version numbers than ARM, as many x86
devices can run ARM code through an emulation layer, although with
lower performance.
If you don’t wish to manage too many APKs, target the most popular
ones (usually ARM and maybe x86) with a split APK and serve a
universal APK to everyone else.
It’s vital that you publish the universal APK on the Play Store with a lower
version number than all other ABI-specific packages.
If you need more flexibility for your Multi-APK setup, check out
Multi-APK through product
flavors.
Recommended Medium post to choose supported ABIs
In this
post
we will understand what is ABI, problems with the ABI split, and
alternative way to avoid those problems... For instance, Android supports the following ABIs :
mips, mips64, X86, X86–64, arm64-v8a, armeabi, armeabi-v7a
So you have to take a call on supporting 64-bit libraries based on
size vs performance criteria but mips, mips-64, and armeabi should be
removed without any hesitation.
Solve UnsatisfiedLinkError Problem on some devices
As explained here, 64-bit processors generate and check arm64 folder to load native libraries.
If your project does not have arm64 folder. Here is the solution:
build.gradle
defaultConfig {
...
ndk {
abiFilters "armeabi-v7a", "x86"
}
}
You need to add this filters(abiFilters) to your app module’s
build.gradle files. So when your device try to run your app, it will
check gradle file and understands that it should not generate any
folder and use existing native library resources. Boom. Almost solved.
But still there is one more thing. Add this line to your gradle.properties to use deprecated Ndk.
gradle.properties
android.useDeprecatedNdk=true
You can use app bundle so you don't need to handle multiple apks. Google Play will handle it for you automatically. Plus this approach can provide additional benefits. For more details: https://developer.android.com/guide/app-bundle

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