Scrollview does not scroll when keyboard appears

Scrollview does not scroll when keyboard appears - android

I have a few EditTexts in my RelativeLayout, and a button aligned at the bottom of it. When the keyboard pops up, I want my layout to resize (therefore, I'm using android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustResize") and also want it to be scrollable, because in smaller screens resizing it isn't enough.
The problem is I can't get it to scroll at all!
I do need the Button to stay at the bottom of the screen.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#FFF">
<!-- some hidden RelativeLayouts, filling the whole screen -->
<RelativeLayout
android:id="#+id/form_layout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<ScrollView
android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:fillViewport="true" android:layout_above="#+id/ok_btn">
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" android:background="#99000000" android:visibility="visible">
<View
android:id="#+id/shade"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignTop="#+id/logradouro1"
android:background="#FFF" android:layout_marginTop="-30dp"/>
<!-- some visible EditTexts and TextViews here -->
</RelativeLayout>
</ScrollView>
<Button android:id="#+id/ok_btn"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="50dp" android:background="#color/verdeBotao" android:text="Cadastrar"
android:textColor="#FFF" android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"/>
</RelativeLayout>
</RelativeLayout>
Below are 2 screenshots to illustrate what is happening. Please notice that I can't scroll when the keyboard is up.
Thanks!

i am posting something similar to your ui. take a RelativeLayout for the button at the bottom. set gravity to bottom and your button view should android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
<ScrollView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_above="#+id/m_table_menu" >
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/layuserdetails"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:padding="5dp" >
Yourviewss......i guess edittexts
</LinearLayout>
</ScrollView>
//scrollable Button layout
<RelativeLayout
android:id="#+id/m_table_menu"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="bottom"
android:padding="0dp" >
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/laysharepost"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:gravity="bottom"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:padding="5dp" >
//replace textview with buttonview..
<TextView
android:id="#+id/share_tvcommentdone"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:background="#drawable/button_selector"
android:padding="10dp"
android:text="POST"
android:textColor="#android:color/white" />
</LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>

Related

android textview scrollview in layout scrollview

I set the ScrollView in my LinearLayout. I want a TextView to scroll. I tried to use ScrollView in xml like this. But, it's not working.
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:padding="8dp"
tools:context=".SubpagesLayout.ReportResult">
<!-- first scrollView -->
<ScrollView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="#drawable/edit_corner_blue"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="#string/personalInformation"
android:textColor="#android:color/white" />
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="#string/birthDate" />
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text=" TestData" />
</LinearLayout>
<!-- second scrollView -->
<ScrollView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<TextView
android:id="#+id/textOphthalmoscopy"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="80dp"
android:text="standard instrth various settings that allow focusing and adjustment of the light source to accommodate the viewer and to evaluate various features of the fundus." />
</ScrollView>
</LinearLayout>
</ScrollView>
</LinearLayout>
I tried another way like this, but it's still not working too.
android:maxLines = "AN_INTEGER"
android:scrollbars = "vertical"
I used
myTextView.setMovementMethod(new ScrollingMovementMethod());
So how to let TextView to scroll? If it is the second ScrollView.

You might consider using a NestedScrollView along with a ListView for showing the scrollable TextView.
The ListView will have a fixed size so that it'll not take the total height of the items inside.
So the layout may look like this.
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:padding="8dp"
tools:context=".SubpagesLayout.ReportResult">
<!-- first scrollView -->
<NestedScrollView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="#drawable/edit_corner_blue"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="#string/personalInformation"
android:textColor="#android:color/white" />
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="#string/birthDate" />
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text=" TestData" />
</LinearLayout>
<ListView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
<!--set a fixed height-->
android:layout_height="80dp"
.. Other attributes
</ListView>
</LinearLayout>
</NestedScrollView>
</LinearLayout>
And the list item of the ListView may contain the TextView you want to scroll. Set the height of the TextView to wrap_content.
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:padding="8dp"
tools:context=".SubpagesLayout.ReportResult">
<TextView
android:id="#+id/textOphthalmoscopy"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="standard instrth various settings that allow focusing and adjustment of the light source to accommodate the viewer and to evaluate various features of the fundus." />
</LinearLayout>
Now your ListView will have a single item and this will scroll with the default behaviour of list.
The whole layout will be scrolled via NestedScrollView.
Hope that helps!

Having a scrollView inside another scrollView is not a good prictice but ant a you check below links it may fix you problem.
Solution 1
Solution 2

Android layout objects placement

I have this simple activity in my android app but I don't know how to place my button so it appears at the same position on various screen sizes.
I want the button to always be placed at the bottom of the screen. The screenshot shown is from a phone screen. When displayed on a larger screen the button is higher up.
How can I fix this?
Thanks
See this screenshot

You can use RelativeLayout with this parameter (android:layout_alignParentBottom="true")
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:text="Click Me!"/>
</RelativeLayout>

You should use a RelativeLayout
If you have a RelativeLayout that fills the whole screen you should be able to use android:layout_alignParentBottom to move the button to the bottom of the screen.
If your button at the bottom doesn't show then probably the layout above it takes all the space. In this case you can put the button first in your layout file and position the rest of the layout above the views with android:layout_above.

Have a look a RelativeLayout. Use this ViewGroup and add a Button inside it with alignParentBottom
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
<Button
android:id="#+id/button_id"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:alignParentBottom="true"
android:text="HORAIRE"
android:layout_margins="<your_margin_in_dp>" />
</RelativeLayout>

Make footerButton.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="#+id/footer"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:gravity="center" >
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="5dp"
android:text="HORAIRE"
android:textColor="#ffffff"
android:textSize="20sp" />
</RelativeLayout>
And add it in all your layout file like below line:
Android Activity_Layout
<RelativeLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="#+id/container"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" >
<!-- Footer aligned to bottom -->
<include layout="#layout/footer" />
<!-- Content above footer -->
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:layout_above="#id/footer"
android:layout_below="#id/header"
android:gravity="center">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Content goes here"
android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
android:textSize="20sp" />
</RelativeLayout>
</RelativeLayout>
Hope it will solve your problem

This is what I ended up doing. Thanks to everyone who posted, it helped me get in the right direction!
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:id="#+id/container"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
app:layout_behavior="#string/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior"
tools:showIn="#layout/activity_main"
tools:context="xxxx.MainActivity"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:weightSum="1">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Dernières nouvelles Twitter"
android:id="#+id/textView"
android:textStyle="bold"
android:textSize="17dp"
android:paddingLeft="8dp"
android:paddingTop="6dp"
android:paddingRight="6dp"
android:paddingBottom="6dp"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"/>
<ListView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:id="#+id/listView_tweets"
android:layout_above="#+id/buttonDisplay"
android:choiceMode="none"
android:paddingTop="25dp"
android:paddingLeft="10dp"
android:paddingRight="10dp"/>
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Horaire"
android:layout_margin="5dp"
android:id="#+id/buttonDisplay"
android:onClick="buttonGotoDisplay"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"/>
</RelativeLayout>

Dialog: Overflowing ScrollView Content

Newbie android developer here. I have this layout for my dialog:
<RelativeLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="#+id/llParent"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<ScrollView
android:id="#+id/svChild"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
... content goes here
</ScrollView>
<Button
android:id="#+id/btnCancel"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignBottom="#id/svChild"
android:text="CANCEL"/>
<Button
android:id="#+id/btnOk"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignBottom="#id/svChild"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:layout_alignParentEnd="true"
android:text="OK" />
</RelativeLayout>
When the ScrollView's content overflows the screen, it covers the buttons below. Sometimes the buttons are already outside the screen when changing some properties of the layout.
What I want:
Show always the buttons on the bottom of the screen, not covered and not outside
llParent and svChild's heights are set to wrap_content so that if the content is quite small, the dialog doesn't have to take up all of the screen's height
Thanks

Use following code which will work properly
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="com.demo.example.activity.ScrollDemo">
<ScrollView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_above="#+id/btnButton"
android:id="#+id/scrollView">
<LinearLayout
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
//Place your content here
</LinearLayout>
</ScrollView>
<Button
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Button"
android:id="#+id/btnButton"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" />
</RelativeLayout>
Dependencies are most important here.
if you have any issue feel free to comment.

How to scroll my entire layout when the keyboard appears?

This is my layout:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ScrollView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="#+id/scroll_layout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:padding="#dimen/defaut_padding" >
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginBottom="#dimen/defaut_padding"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<FrameLayout
android:id="#+id/photo"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/picture"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:scaleType="fitXY" />
<ImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="right"
android:layout_margin="10dp"
android:background="#drawable/watermark" />
<ProgressBar
android:id="#+id/bitmap_loading"
style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleLarge"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:visibility="visible" />
</FrameLayout>
<FrameLayout
android:id="#+id/user"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="#id/photo"
android:layout_marginLeft="15dp"
android:layout_marginTop="-30dp"
android:background="#android:color/white"
android:padding="#dimen/smallest_padding" >
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/user_picture"
android:layout_width="50dp"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:src="#drawable/anonymous_user" />
</FrameLayout>
<TextView
android:id="#+id/user_name"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignBottom="#id/user"
android:layout_marginLeft="#dimen/defaut_padding"
android:layout_toRightOf="#id/user"
android:text="#string/anonymous_user"
android:textStyle="bold" />
</RelativeLayout>
<FrameLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
<EditText
android:id="#+id/input_description"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="top"
android:padding="5dp"
android:layout_marginBottom="#dimen/defaut_padding"
android:background="#drawable/textfield"
android:hint="#string/description_hint"
android:focusableInTouchMode="true"
android:maxLines="3"
android:scrollbars="vertical" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/publish"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="#drawable/confirm_button_selector"
android:text="#string/confirm_button"
android:textColor="#android:color/white"
android:textSize="#dimen/big_text_size"
android:textStyle="bold" />
</FrameLayout>
</LinearLayout>
</ScrollView>
I want to scroll it when the soft keyboard appears when I start to digit at the EditText. How can I do this? Currenty the scroll works, but the keyboard appears above the button, and I want the button above the keyboard
I've tried to move the scrool when the user clicks in the EditText, doing something like this:
mSv.scrollTo(0, mSv.getBottom());
where mSv is my ScrollView
But it only works when the user clicks in the EditText at the second time.
Thank you for any help.

Try to change your Keyboard to pan instead of resize. You could do that in your AndroidManifest.xml file, for your particular Activity, add the below to it
android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustPan"
or
If you want to hide then:
EditText editTextSearch = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editTextSearch);
InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager) getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
imm.hideSoftInputFromWindow(editTextSearch.getWindowToken(), 0);
If want to show:
EditText editTextSearch = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editTextSearch);
editTextSearch.requestFocus();
getWindow().setSoftInputMode(WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_STATE_VISIBLE);

Check this SO answer. It should solve the problem "..that the button will appears over the entire layout, and what I want to do is make the entire layout (button and other views scroll)"

If you use a RelativeLayout (outside of ScrollView) being aligned to the bottom, it will stick to the bottom of the available screen—above the keyboard. ScrollView then needs a bottom margin to not overlay the button.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" >
<ScrollView
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_marginBottom="48dp" >
/* Here your elements ... like EditText */
</ScrollView>
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_marginBottom="0px"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" >
<Button
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="48dp"
android:text="ddd" />
</RelativeLayout>
</RelativeLayout>
This works only if you (as far as I could evaluate)
have a RelativeLayout as parent
have a ScrollView as the only child besides the RelativeLayout containing the button OR have another View (e.g. LinearLayout) containing a ScrollView somewhere (for whatever reason)
If you don't want the button to always stick to the bottom, you need to detect if the keyboard is shown or not as explained in Pragnani's link.

How do I align views at the bottom of the screen?

Here's my layout code;
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
<TextView android:text="#string/welcome"
android:id="#+id/TextView"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
</TextView>
<LinearLayout android:id="#+id/LinearLayout"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="bottom">
<EditText android:id="#+id/EditText"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
</EditText>
<Button android:text="#string/label_submit_button"
android:id="#+id/Button"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
</Button>
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
What this looks like is on the left and what I want it to look like is on the right.
The obvious answer is to set the TextView to fill_parent on height, but this causes no room to be left for the button or entry field.
Essentially the issue is that I want the submit button and the text entry to be a fixed height at the bottom and the text view to fill the rest of the space. Similarly, in the horizontal linear layout I want the submit button to wrap its content and for the text entry to fill the rest of the space.
If the first item in a linear layout is told to fill_parent it does exactly that, leaving no room for other items. How do I get an item which is first in a linear layout to fill all space apart from the minimum required by the rest of the items in the layout?
Relative layouts were indeed the answer:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
<TextView
android:text="#string/welcome"
android:id="#+id/TextView"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true">
</TextView>
<RelativeLayout
android:id="#+id/InnerRelativeLayout"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" >
<Button
android:text="#string/label_submit_button"
android:id="#+id/Button"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
</Button>
<EditText
android:id="#+id/EditText"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_toLeftOf="#id/Button"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
</EditText>
</RelativeLayout>
</RelativeLayout>

The modern way to do this is to have a ConstraintLayout and constrain the bottom of the view to the bottom of the ConstraintLayout with app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
The example below creates a FloatingActionButton that will be aligned to the end and the bottom of the screen.
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_width="match_parent">
<android.support.design.widget.FloatingActionButton
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent" />
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>
For reference, I will keep my old answer.
Before the introduction of ConstraintLayout the answer was a relative layout.
If you have a relative layout that fills the whole screen you should be able to use android:layout_alignParentBottom to move the button to the bottom of the screen.
If your views at the bottom are not shown in a relative layout then maybe the layout above it takes all the space. In this case you can put the view, that should be at the bottom, first in your layout file and position the rest of the layout above the views with android:layout_above. This enables the bottom view to take as much space as it needs, and the rest of the layout can fill all the rest of the screen.

In a ScrollView this doesn't work, as the RelativeLayout would then overlap whatever is in the ScrollView at the bottom of the page.
I fixed it using a dynamically stretching FrameLayout :
<ScrollView
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:fillViewport="true">
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/LinearLayout01"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical">
<!-- content goes here -->
<!-- stretching frame layout, using layout_weight -->
<FrameLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1">
</FrameLayout>
<!-- content fixated to the bottom of the screen -->
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<!-- your bottom content -->
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
</ScrollView>

You can keep your initial linear layout by nesting the relative layout within the linear layout:
<LinearLayout
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
<TextView android:text="welcome"
android:id="#+id/TextView"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
</TextView>
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<Button android:text="submit"
android:id="#+id/Button"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true">
</Button>
<EditText android:id="#+id/EditText"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_toLeftOf="#id/Button"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true">
</EditText>
</RelativeLayout>
</LinearLayout>

The answer above (by Janusz) is quite correct, but I personnally don't feel 100% confortable with RelativeLayouts, so I prefer to introduce a 'filler', empty TextView, like this:
<!-- filler -->
<TextView android:layout_height="0dip"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_weight="1" />
before the element that should be at the bottom of the screen.

You can do this with a LinearLayout or a ScrollView, too. Sometimes it is easier to implement than a RelativeLayout. The only thing you need to do is to add the following view before the Views you want to align to the bottom of the screen:
<View
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1" />
This creates an empty view, filling the empty space and pushing the next views to the bottom of the screen.

1. Use ConstraintLayout in your root Layout
And set app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent" to let the Layout on the bottom of the screen:
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/LinearLayout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent">
</LinearLayout>
2. Use FrameLayout in your root Layout
Just set android:layout_gravity="bottom" in your layout
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/LinearLayout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="bottom"
android:orientation="horizontal">
</LinearLayout>
3. Use LinearLayout in your root Layout (android:orientation="vertical")
(1) Set a layout android:layout_weight="1" on the top of the your Layout
<TextView
android:id="#+id/TextView"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="welcome" />
(2) Set the child LinearLayout for android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:gravity="bottom"
The main attribute is ndroid:gravity="bottom", let the child View on the bottom of Layout.
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/LinearLayout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:gravity="bottom"
android:orientation="horizontal">
</LinearLayout>
4. Use RelativeLayout in the root Layout
And set android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" to let the Layout on the bottom of the screen
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/LinearLayout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:orientation="horizontal">
</LinearLayout>
Output

This also works.
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/linearLayout4"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:layout_below="#+id/linearLayout3"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:gravity="bottom"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
>
<Button
android:id="#+id/button1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Button"
/>
<Button
android:id="#+id/button2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Button"
/>
</LinearLayout>

Following up on Timores's elegant solution, I have found that the following creates a vertical fill in a vertical LinearLayout and a horizontal fill in a horizontal LinearLayout:
<Space
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_weight="1" />

You don't even need to nest the second relative layout inside the first one. Simply use the android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" in the Button and EditText.

If you don't wish to make many changes, then you could just put:
android:layout_weight="1"
for the TextView having ID as #+id/TextView i.e
<TextView android:text="#string/welcome"
android:id="#+id/TextView"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1">
</TextView>

Creating both header and footer, here is an example:
Layout XML
<RelativeLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:background="#color/backgroundcolor"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="40dp"
android:background="#FF0000">
</RelativeLayout>
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="40dp"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:background="#FFFF00">
</RelativeLayout>
</RelativeLayout>
Screenshot

For a case like this, always use RelativeLayouts. A LinearLayout is not intended for such a usage.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="#+id/db1_root"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<!-- Place your layout here -->
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:layout_gravity="bottom"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:paddingLeft="20dp"
android:paddingRight="20dp" >
<Button
android:id="#+id/setup_macroSavebtn"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="Save" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/setup_macroCancelbtn"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="Cancel" />
</LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>

Use the below code. Align the button to buttom. It's working.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<Button
android:id="#+id/btn_back"
android:layout_width="100dp"
android:layout_height="80dp"
android:text="Back" />
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_weight="0.97"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="Payment Page" />
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
<EditText
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"/>
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Submit"/>
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

Use android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" in your <RelativeLayout>.
This will definitely help.

In case you have a hierarchy like this:
<ScrollView>
|-- <RelativeLayout>
|-- <LinearLayout>
First, apply android:fillViewport="true" to the ScrollView and then apply android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" to the LinearLayout.
This worked for me perfectly.
<ScrollView
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:scrollbars="none"
android:fillViewport="true">
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<LinearLayout
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center"
android:id="#+id/linearLayoutHorizontal"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true">
</LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>
</ScrollView>

You can just give your top child view (the TextView #+id/TextView) an attribute:
android:layout_weight="1".
This will force all other elements below it to the bottom.

This can be done with a linear layout too.
Just provide Height = 0dp and weight = 1 to the layout above and the one you want in the bottom. Just write height = wrap content and no weight.
It provides wrap content for the layout (the one that contains your edit text and button) and then the one that has weight occupies the rest of the layout.
I discovered this by accident.

I used the solution Janusz posted, but I added padding to the last View since the top part of my layout was a ScrollView.
The ScrollView will be partly hidden as it grows with content. Using android:paddingBottom on the last View helps show all the content in the ScrollView.

Develop Reference

The Android operating system is a mobile operating system that was developed by Google (GOOGL?) to be primarily used for touchscreen devices, cell phones, and tablets.

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