Develop Reference

How to properly format a POST API request with JSON?

I have teaching myself how to develop Android applications and I recently started using the Volley library for networking. I have been able to send basic requests with it. I was experimenting with Pocket's API to see if my app could fetch the items. Their documentation page mentions that I have to send a JSON request like so
POST /v3/oauth/request HTTP/1.1
Host: getpocket.com
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
X-Accept: application/json
{"consumer_key":"1234-abcd1234abcd1234abcd1234",
"redirect_uri":"pocketapp1234:authorizationFinished"}
So I made a JSONObject in my app, added the key consumer_key with the value of my consumer key, then added in the key redirect_uri with its respective value. I sent this JSONObject as a request to the required URL as a POST request using Volley. The response code I received was 403, which is caused by a bad consumer key. I have double-checked the consumer key, so the problem lies with my request. How should I go about making the JSON request? Do I have to add the extra data, like Content-Type? If so, how?
If it is not too much, could you point me to a beginner-friendly resource on JSON, since I do not have much knowledge about web development?
Thank you.

What request methode do you use on your code? I am facing issue when using StringRequest method. Its work when use JsonObjectRequest method.
Here is how to create request besides on my experience.
Create Header Parameter
final Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap<String, String>();
headers.put("Content-Type", "application/json");
headers.put("X-Accept", "application/json");
headers.put("consumer_key", "your-consumer-key");
headers.put("redirect_uri", "https://kamus.nusagates.com");
Create JSONObject From headers
JSONObject obj = new JSONObject(headers);
Create JsonObjectRequest
JsonObjectRequest jsonObjectRequest = new JsonObjectRequest("https://getpocket.com/v3/oauth/request", obj, new Response.Listener<JSONObject>() {
#Override
public void onResponse(JSONObject response) {
//get all response data
Log.d("respon", String.valueOf(response));
try {
//get code from response
Log.d("respon code", response.getString("code"));
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}, new Response.ErrorListener() {
#Override
public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
}
}) {
#Override
public Map<String, String> getHeaders() throws AuthFailureError {
return headers;
}
#Override
protected Response<JSONObject> parseNetworkResponse(NetworkResponse response) {
String server = String.valueOf(response.headers);
Log.d("header", server);
return super.parseNetworkResponse(response);
}
};
Add the request to The Queue
RequestQueue queue = Volley.newRequestQueue(MainActivity.this);
queue.add(jsonObjectRequest);
May this could help you solve your problem.
Cheers

Volley Server Error with null Network response

Every time I try to use POST method with Volley, I get sever error. I get null value in getCause, and some default value in getNetworkResponse.toString().
If I use GET method, this works fine (I get response from my url).
Can anybody help what can I do?
Map<String, String> jsonParams = new HashMap<String, String>();
jsonParams.put("teststr", "abd");
RequestQueue requestQueue = VolleySingleton.getInstance().getRequestQueue();
JsonObjectRequest request = new JsonObjectRequest(
Request.Method.POST,
url,
new JSONObject(jsonParams),
new Response.Listener<JSONObject>() {
#Override
public void onResponse(JSONObject response) {
try {
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Success"+response.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}catch(Exception e){
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "JSON ERROR", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
},
new Response.ErrorListener() {
#Override
public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
Log.d("abd", "Error: " + error
+ ">>" + error.networkResponse.statusCode
+ ">>" + error.networkResponse.data
+ ">>" + error.getCause()
+ ">>" + error.getMessage());
}
}) {
#Override
protected Map<String,String> getParams() {
HashMap<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
params.put("key", "value");
return params;
}
#Override
public Map<String, String> getHeaders() throws AuthFailureError {
HashMap<String, String> headers = new HashMap<String, String>();
headers.put("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8");
return headers;
}
};
requestQueue.add(request);
Error Log:
Error:
Error: com.android.volley.ServerError>>404>>[B#42b1e0d0>>null>>null
UPDATE:
networkResponse.statusCode comes as 404, though the url is accessible (and return data if I just use GET method). If I remove header part in POST method, still the same.
the url:
<?php
$response = array();
$jsonString = file_get_contents('php://input');
$jsonObj = json_decode($jsonString, true);
if(!isset($jsonObj['teststr'])){
$response["msg"] = "No data.";
}else{
$response["msg"] = "Success: ".$jsonObj['teststr'];
}
echo json_encode($response);
?>

problem is your Queue.
change your volley code to this:
RequestQueue queue = Volley.newRequestQueue(this);
String URL = EndPoints.BASE_URL + "/call";
StringRequest request = new StringRequest(Request.Method.POST, URL,
new Response.Listener<String>()
{
#Override
public void onResponse(String response) {
Log.d("onResponse", response);
}
},
new Response.ErrorListener()
{
#Override
public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
NetworkResponse response = error.networkResponse;
String errorMsg = "";
if(response != null && response.data != null){
String errorString = new String(response.data);
Log.i("log error", errorString);
}
}
}
) {
#Override
protected Map<String, String> getParams()
{
Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
params.put("key_1","value_1");
params.put("key_2", "value_2");
Log.i("sending ", params.toString());
return params;
}
};
// Add the realibility on the connection.
request.setRetryPolicy(new DefaultRetryPolicy(10000, 1, 1.0f));
// Start the request immediately
queue.add(request);
and your php (laravel) code to this:
$response['success'] = true;
$response['user']['tell'] = $user->tell;
$response['user']['code'] = $user->code;
$response['user']['time'] = $time;
$response['user']['register_state'] = '1'
return response()->json($response, 200);

First, try to make sure your server works well.
You can use Postman(chrome plug-in) or any other way to send a post request to the url and see what it responses.
After make sure there's no problem with your server, let us solve the problem with volley.
There's some problem with JsonObjectRequest when you use POST method.
like this Volley JsonObjectRequest Post request not working.
I suggest you use StringRequest first and overwrite the getParams method like you did before. After you survive this task, you can try to write your own request, not very difficult but very useful.
I also suggest add request.setShouldCache(false) before requestQueue.add(request);. By default, volley saves the response in its cache and this behavior may cause some strange problem.

Well,I think you can first print the responseCode in your logcat

Add this code before add to queue
request.setRetryPolicy(new DefaultRetryPolicy(0, -1,
DefaultRetryPolicy.DEFAULT_BACKOFF_MULT));
sometimes, request is timeout before your php executed completely. so try this code. maybe can help

maybe it's related to your operator...
I have the same issue sending JasonObject with Volley.
I tested my app on 9-10 devices with two different operators.
The request on one operator returns an Error with everything null or blank data in it, on the other one everything works fine and I get my Response from API successfully.
I have no idea what do operators do that causes this problem...
Maybe they use some kind of firewall that blocks sending JsonObject.

I tried to display the response as a String and the error went off.
Use response.toString() wherever you want to display the error or use it.

In my case, the answer is retry policy setting.
I put 30 seconds the timeout value, it should be 30000, not 30.

try to increase timeout. i had the same issue and the request timeout was the problem.

Send a DELETE Request using Volley (Android) to a REST Api with parameters?

How do I send a DELETE Request using Volley (Android) to a REST Api with parameters like access_token and username. I have tried almost everything on Internet but still I am getting a 400 error Message.
I have tried sending the same DELETE request using PostMan and it works perfectly fine.
Here is the Error:
E/Volley﹕ [1112] BasicNetwork.performRequest: Unexpected response code 400 for http://myserverip/messages/2
and Here is the Java code that I am using:
String URI = "http://myserverip/messages/2";
JsonObjectRequest request = new JsonObjectRequest(Request.Method.DELETE,URI,null,
new Response.Listener<JSONObject>() {
#Override
public void onResponse(JSONObject response) {
Toast.makeText(contextm,response.toString(),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
},
new Response.ErrorListener() {
#Override
public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
}
}){
#Override
public Map<String, String> getHeaders() throws AuthFailureError {
Map<String, String> headers = super.getHeaders();
if (headers == null
|| headers.equals(Collections.emptyMap())) {
headers = new HashMap<String, String>();
}
headers.put("access_token", "access_token");
headers.put("username", "username");
return headers;
}
};
MyApp.getInstance().addToRequestQueue(request);
Might not be really useful but here is the working DELETE request preview from PostMan
DELETE /messages/1 HTTP/1.1
Host: serveripaddress
Cache-Control:no-cache
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
access_token=SPAVYaJ7ea7LzdeQYrBTsIRssuGbVpJI8G9XSV0n&username=whit3hawks

You can easily achieve this if you put the following instead of null in ... new JsonObjectRequest(Request.Method.DELETE,URI,null,new Response.Listener<JSONObject>() { ...
final JSONObject object = new JSONObject();
try {
object.put("access_token", "SPAVYaJ7ea7LzdeQYrBTsIRssuGbVpJI8G9XSV0n");
object.put("username", "whit3hawks");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
So your Request should look like this:
... new JsonObjectRequest(Request.Method.DELETE,URI,object,new Response.Listener<JSONObject>() { ...
You posted a long time ago, but maybe someone else will need this some time.

I am successfully sending headers in volley while using DELETE with this code:
#Override
public Map<String, String> getHeaders() throws AuthFailureError {
HashMap<String, String> headers = new HashMap<String, String>();
headers.put("Content-Type", "application/json");
return headers;
just tried it and works like a charm.
EDIT:
if you're using a Mac, try checking with Charles what exactly it is you are sending,
on a PC you can try fiddler.
also, error 400 means 'Bad Input', so the server is either getting more info then it should, or less then he expects.
and keep in mind that DELETE in Volley acts as a GET, make sure you are sending an empty body with the request.
hope that helped somehow.. happy coding

Using volley library, cant execute a post method form with parameters

I am working on volley library: http://developer.android.com/training/volley/index.html
Get and 'Post methods without parameters' working fine. But when parameters are given, volley does not execute the form, and acts like form itself is a jsonObject:
com.android.volley.ParseError: org.json.JSONException: Value Login< of type java.lang.String cannot be converted to JSONObject
I have tried both overriding getParams() method:
#Override
protected Map<String, String> getParams() throws AuthFailureError {
Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
params.put("username", username);
params.put("password", password);
return params;
}
And instantiating the object with parameter:
Map<String, String> params2 = new HashMap<String, String>();
params2.put("username", username);
params2.put("password", password);
JsonObjectRequest jsonObjectRequest1 = new JsonObjectRequest(Request.Method.POST, LOGIN_URL, new JSONObject(params2), new Response.Listener<JSONObject>() {
#Override
public void onResponse(JSONObject response) {
//onResponse
}
});
None of them worked. I am guessing my problem is about the content types. Volley library uses application/json while my php codes use name-value pairs.
I have seen these two questions but sadly they did not solve my case:
Google Volley ignores POST-Parameter
Volley Post JsonObjectRequest ignoring parameters while using getHeader and getParams

When you use JsonObjectRequest, you are saying that the content you are posting is a JSON Object and the response you expect back will also be a JSONObject. If neither of these are true, you need to build your own Request<T> and set the values you need.
The error you are seeing is because the response from the server is not a valid JSON response.

POST JSON array body to .NET web service using Volley in Android

I am trying to POST a JSON body using Volley in Android and after spending many hours with no success I am writing this question.
Following is mine code snippet
StringRequest residentSyncRequest = new StringRequest(Request.Method.POST, Commons.URL,this,this,ADD_REQ){
#Override
public Map<String, String> getHeaders() throws AuthFailureError {
HashMap<String,String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
params.put("Content-Type","application/json");
return params;
}
#Override
public byte[] getBody() throws AuthFailureError {
JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray();
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = getActivity().getSharedPreferences(Commons.PREF_NAME, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
try {
jsonObject.put("RowID","0");
jsonObject.put("LocalID","100");
jsonObject.put("LoginUserID",sharedPreferences.getString(Commons.pref_loginUserId,""));
jsonObject.put("AppToken",sharedPreferences.getString(Commons.pref_appToken,""));
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
jsonArray.put(jsonObject);
return jsonArray.toString().getBytes();
}
};
VollyRequest.getRequestQueue(getActivity()).add(residentSyncRequest);
and I am getting following response
E/Volley﹕ [255] BasicNetwork.performRequest: Unexpected response code 400 for ...
I tried to call the same web service using postman chrome extension and the service is working just fine.
Not sure if I need to do any encoding before returning byte[].
Please help.
Thanks in advance.

Volley doesn't support JsonArray request directly like JsonObject request.Hope they can add this function in next version because there are a lot of api only provide JsonArray.
EDIT:
Actually there is a solution here.

Volley by default puts all post parameters as JSON Values, so you just need to use a Request and not StringRequest and just add all JSON Values you want to post as regular post values.