What is the difference between android.permission and ANDROID.PERMISSION - android

I am working with a project that contains imageloader through Picasso API.
When I try to add uses-permission of INTERNET through
android.permission.INTERNET
it works perfectly but when i use ANDROID.PERMISSION.INTERNET
it doesn't work.

Android is case-sensitive. android.permission.INTERNET is the proper value.
You may be encountering this code-completion bug in Android Studio.

As you have discovered, permissions are case sensitive.
In the case of the INTERNET permission, the permission is defined as android.permission.INTERNET. If your casing does not match how the permission is defined, the framework doesn't know what permission you are trying to request.
Note that application developers can define permissions however they want, but the convention is <packagename>.PERMISSION_NAME.

In a case-sensitive language, a is 97 and A is 65. They are different.

Related

How can I determine what parts of my android app code require which permissions

I'm just trying to justify the permissions that my app requires and realize that I can't remember why I needed android.permission.READ_LOGS
I can't seem to figure out which classes I use need this permission. I've commented out the permission and the app builds fine. However it builds fine if I remove all permissions. Running it crashes for some of those missing permissions, however I can't figure out which function uses the READ_LOGS permission.
Is there something in android studio that will flag missing permissions if you comment out ones you need? Or some cross reference of classes to permissions?
I really don't want to ask users for permissions that are not needed nor justified at least.
If you are using any critical Permission then android studio will definitely point out by showing error that permission is missing for function.
If you are specifically asking about android.permission.READ_LOGS so this permission allows an application to read the low-level system log files. Means for the devices when you want to read the log then this is used.
Other way is you can check the Official Doc of permission that which permission is used for which purpose so you can match it with set in your Manifest file. Keep the one you need and remove the one you dont need. But in coding it ll just point for the Critical permissions otherwise it ll give error when you are executing your app during testing.
Hope you got the answer. If any doubt then you can comment below.

cordova : android 23 need "MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS" permission at runtime

Im using WebRTC with cordova and I made the huge mistake of upgrading the version of android in the play store from 22 to 23. (apparently no way to revert this situation)
Now I must ask for the permissions at runtime. Everything is ok for now, but for WebRTC communication my app needs this particular permission "MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS". For camera, microphone and location permissions I use cordova-diagnostic-plugin using those methods : requestCameraAuthorization, requestMicrophoneAuthorization and requestLocationAuthorization.
I tried requestRuntimePermission method with this as argument cordova.plugins.diagnostic.permission.MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS but its not working since cordova.plugins.diagnostic.permission doesnt contain 'MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS' permission. Here is the list of available permissions :
Im pretty much sur that the problem is the lack of 'MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS' permission, since I had the same problem with android 22 (no audio) because I was not including it in the config. see this old SO post of mine
Thanks.
MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS is not a "dangerous" permission that can be requested at run-time on Android: see here the full list of "dangerous" permissions which need to be requested at run-time.

android:permission tag in manifest file

I notice there is a tag named android:permission in android manifest file, but feel confused about it.
Does this tag only specify ONE permission that other components require in order to interact with it? I grep the Android framework and it seems so; and it seems that permission-group is not used for multiple permissions the current component/application requires other applications to grant.
Someone mentions that android:permission in is rarely used. But when it does appear, should the components that also define these permission override this permission requirement or append it? The document says:
It can be overwritten by setting the permission attributes of individual components
However I saw a research paper mentions that:
each component can require extra permission for accessing it
I guess it is still a "override", right?
i guess this answers your question. please check the following link
Can an Android Service have multiple Permissions?

Is it possible in android that don't ask for permissions mentioned in Manifest.xml file, if code is not in use?

I've mentioned the following permission:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.NFC" />
in my manifest.xml. But NFC code is no more in use and I commented the source code. Means NFC is no more in use for my app, but while installing the app, it's still shows in installing window.
So, is it possible in android that don't ask for permissions mentioned in Manifest.xml file, if code is not in use? Thanks
No, it is not possible, because the Android system has no idea which permissions your application requires before run-time. Picture the following scenario:
You are writing an application, not specifying NFC permission as you're not using it in your code, but you ARE using a framework that in 50% of the implementations do use NFC (device manufacturer specific framework).
The Android system has no way of telling if the NFC permission is required and thus it relies on your explicit instruction for permissions
As I'm sure you've noticed, an exception will be raised if the permission does not exist for the specified action
The only way to make sure the requirement is gone is to remove the permission from the manifest (and frankly, is it that much of a deal?)
Besides commenting out the unnecessary codes, you have to remove the permission from your manifest as well.

Is the name of a permission in android manifest not case-sensitive?

I am working on a software that analyzes android apps. While reviewing the results I found that several devs had mixed case in their permissions e.g. ACCESS_iNTERNET
Is the permission handling not case-senstive?
They are case sensitive. Not documented, but I tried it.
Anyway, android.permission.ACCESS_INTERNET or android.permission.ACCESS_iNTERNET won't change anything because the correct name is android.permission.INTERNET. http://developer.android.com/reference/android/Manifest.permission.html#INTERNET

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