Currently I need to build an Android library .aar file. In the library have network request so that I have to add Retrofit as library's dependencies.
My library build.gradle file look like:
dependencies {
compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.3.0'
compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.1.0'
}
But when using aar file by
compile(name:'sdk-release', ext:'aar'){transitive=true}
It's throw exception:
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError
After research, I figured out that the Problem is "transitive dependencies".
Do we have any solution to fix this problem?
Many thanks.
I have an old Android project made with Eclipse ADT and I'm trying to migrate it to Android Studio.
I follow several guides and howtos and maybe I have almost migrated it.
When I try to build it I get the following error:
Error:Error converting bytecode to dex:Cause: com.android.dex.DexException: Multiple dex files define Landroid/support/v4/accessibilityservice/AccessibilityServiceInfoCompat$AccessibilityServiceInfoVersionImpl;
I have read a lot of solutions but none seems to suit to my problem.
But maybe this answer is for my case...
Here is the Project status in Eclipse project explorer:
and here is the migrated Project in Android Studio project view:
Maybe the problem is the dependencies property of every gradle script:
app-app:
dependencies {
compile project(':androidsupportv7appcompat')
compile project(':library')
compile files('libs/android-support-v4.jar')
}
androidsupportv7appcompat:
dependencies {
compile files('libs/android-support-v4.jar')
compile files('libs/android-support-v7-appcompat.jar')
}
googleplayservice_lib:
dependencies {
compile files('libs/google-play-services.jar')
}
library: (a Google Maps library for markers clustering)
dependencies {
compile project(':googleplayservices_lib')
compile files('libs/android-support-v4.jar')
}
Do you know if something could be wrong in these dependencies configurations?
Otherwise, what could be the cause?
First of all, you should remove the Support Library module from your Android Studio project. Instead add a dependency to your apps gradle build file. If your library uses components from the support library, its build file should have the proper dependencies also.
dependencies {
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.3.1'
compile 'com.android.support:support-v4:25.3.1'
}
Be sure to remove the Support Library JAR files from your lib's folder.
Similarly you should add a dependency for Google Play Services.
Dependency management with Gradle is one of the many advantages of moving to Android Studio. If the library module is not written by you, you should also find the correct take dependency to add to your build file instead of the module you have now.
in one of my old projects, I had to put this in the gradle file under app section
multiDexEnabled true in the default config and then add the dex options below... maybe this will help.
defaultConfig {
applicationId "xxx"
minSdkVersion 14
targetSdkVersion 24
versionCode 4
versionName "2.2"
multiDexEnabled true
}
dexOptions {
javaMaxHeapSize "2g"
}
Currently, my Android app project compiles against a local library project like so:
// build.gradle
dependencies {
compile project(':Library-Project')
compile files('libs/library.jar') // Resolve into this if Library-Project is not available
}
The local library project builds into library.jar and is placed in the libs folder.
Is there a way to fallback on the library.jar artifact if the local project is not present without commenting compile project(':Library-Project') in lieu of compiling against the jar?
Used a more dynamic approach for which dependency should actually get compiled.
dependencies {
// Check if the local project exists, and compile against that if it does
if ( new File("/Library-Project").exists() )
{
compile project(':Library-Project')
}
// Local project DNE, compile against JAR file
else
{
compile files('libs/library.jar')
}
}
Another way to automatically compile all JAR files in the /libs folder is by adding the following line within your dependencies block:
compile fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
Receiving this exception whilst trying to build my project. Have searched around for an answer but most cases seem to be different to mine.
Other solutions include clearing temporary files or doing a gradle clean. This does temporarily solve the issue but it reappears again after a few builds. Another way this issue can occur is if the project contains multiple copies of a library. I have searched through my project and only have one instance of activation.jar which is in my libs directory. Most other solutions seem to involve changing the build path in Eclipse, but my problem is occurring on Android Studio 0.5.8. I am using Java 1.7.
Gradle Console
UNEXPECTED TOP-LEVEL EXCEPTION: com.android.dex.DexException:
Multiple dex files define
Lcom/sun/activation/registries/LineTokenizer;
at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.readSortableTypes(DexMerger.java:594)
at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.getSortedTypes(DexMerger.java:552)
at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.mergeClassDefs(DexMerger.java:533)
at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.mergeDexes(DexMerger.java:170)
at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.merge(DexMerger.java:188)
at com.android.dx.command.dexer.Main.mergeLibraryDexBuffers(Main.java:439)
at com.android.dx.command.dexer.Main.runMonoDex(Main.java:287)
at com.android.dx.command.dexer.Main.run(Main.java:230)
at com.android.dx.command.dexer.Main.main(Main.java:199)
at com.android.dx.command.Main.main(Main.java:103)
Libraries in libs dir:
activation.jar
additionnal.jar
androidplot-core-0.5.1.jar
annotations.jar
DatawindAdsSdk-2.0.jar
jpct_ae.jar
jsr305-1.3.9.jar
libGoogleAnalyticsV2.jar
mail.jar
twitter4j-core-3.0.5.jar
Dependencies: Note - ":android-cropimage" does not have any dependencies in build.gradle
Main module:
dependencies {
//Library Projects
compile project(':android-cropimage')
compile project(':facebook')
//Android SDK Libraries
//This library requires "Google Play Services" and "Google Repository" to be downloaded via SDK Manager.
compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services:4.4.52'
//Third Party
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: '*.jar')
compile 'com.github.chrisbanes.actionbarpulltorefresh:extra-abs:+'
compile 'com.jakewharton:butterknife:4.0.1'
compile 'com.j256.ormlite:ormlite-core:4.46'
compile 'com.j256.ormlite:ormlite-android:4.46'
compile 'net.hockeyapp.android:HockeySDK:3.0.1'
compile 'org.apache.httpcomponents:httpmime:4.2.5'
compile 'com.viewpagerindicator:library:2.4.1#aar'
compile 'com.squareup.picasso:picasso:2.2.0'
compile 'com.mcxiaoke.volley:library:1.0.+'
compile 'org.msgpack:msgpack:0.6.11'
}
Facebook module:
dependencies {
compile 'com.android.support:support-v4:19.1.0'
}
Turns out this is due to a bug with the Android Gradle plugin's incremental dex option on version 0.10.2 (https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/adt-dev/6KbhReCE_fo). Removing the following from my build.gradle file solved the issue:
android {
dexOptions {
incremental true
}
}
As #Marepork anwered there is a bug withing gradle that has not been fixed
If you still want to use incremental build you can always use build variants and fordebug use multidex and for release a proguard
I have built a new project in Android Studio using the new project templates provided as part of the tool. All of the code has been generated by Studio I have not made any amendments yet.
I am attempting to run the code but the app fails with the following errors, not sure what the problem is so any help appreciated.
UNEXPECTED TOP-LEVEL EXCEPTION:
com.android.dex.DexException: Multiple dex files define Landroid/support/v7/app/ActionBar$Callback;
at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.readSortableTypes(DexMerger.java:594)
at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.getSortedTypes(DexMerger.java:552)
at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.mergeClassDefs(DexMerger.java:533)
at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.mergeDexes(DexMerger.java:170)
at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.merge(DexMerger.java:188)
at com.android.dx.command.dexer.Main.mergeLibraryDexBuffers(Main.java:439)
at com.android.dx.command.dexer.Main.runMonoDex(Main.java:287)
at com.android.dx.command.dexer.Main.run(Main.java:230)
at com.android.dx.command.dexer.Main.main(Main.java:199)
at com.android.dx.command.Main.main(Main.java:103)
FAILED
FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.
* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':app:dexDebug'.
> com.android.ide.common.internal.LoggedErrorException: Failed to run command:
C:\Users\RichardKavanagh\AppData\Local\Android\android-sdk\build-tools\19.0.1\dx.bat --dex --output D:\Android\Projects\MyHealthRecord\app\build\libs\app-debug.dex D:\Android\Projects\MyHealthRecord\app\build\classes\debug D:\Android\Projects\MyHealthRecord\app\build\dependency-cache\debug D:\Android\Projects\MyHealthRecord\app\build\pre-dexed\debug\android-support-v7-appcompat-5a78dab7e2789bbe64f4bc80d106ca75c04dcf6f.jar D:\Android\Projects\MyHealthRecord\app\build\pre-dexed\debug\classes-f9b947272e9f33ba50355b52d82755584f9c0c58.jar D:\Android\Projects\MyHealthRecord\app\build\pre-dexed\debug\support-v4-19.0.0-31a2c13df80d37d62ca50fec3bde6da0ca706223.jar
Error Code:
2
Output:
UNEXPECTED TOP-LEVEL EXCEPTION:
com.android.dex.DexException: Multiple dex files define Landroid/support/v7/app/ActionBar$Callback;
at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.readSortableTypes(DexMerger.java:594)
at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.getSortedTypes(DexMerger.java:552)
at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.mergeClassDefs(DexMerger.java:533)
at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.mergeDexes(DexMerger.java:170)
at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.merge(DexMerger.java:188)
at com.android.dx.command.dexer.Main.mergeLibraryDexBuffers(Main.java:439)
at com.android.dx.command.dexer.Main.runMonoDex(Main.java:287)
at com.android.dx.command.dexer.Main.run(Main.java:230)
at com.android.dx.command.dexer.Main.main(Main.java:199)
at com.android.dx.command.Main.main(Main.java:103)
* Try:
Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace. Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output.
BUILD FAILED
Total time: 12.948 secs
Like everyone else said here, the support library (com.android.support) is being included more than once in your project. Try adding this in your build.gradle at the root level and it should exclude the support library from being exported via other project dependencies.
configurations {
all*.exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-v4'
}
If you have more then one support libs included in the dependencies like this, you may want to remove one of them:
dependencies {
compile 'com.android.support:support-v4:19.1.+'
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
}
This gets conflicted if you have the support jar in your libs folder.
If you have the support jar in your project libs folder and you have the module dependency added to compile 'com.android.support:support-v4:13.0.+' the UNEXPECTED_TOPLEVEL_DEPENDANCY exception will be thrown.
Because you may include two same libs in your project.
check your build.gradle file.
dependencies {
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:+'
compile files('libs/android-support-v4.jar')
}
if your file includes compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:+' and compile files('libs/android-support-v4.jar'), it will have this problems.
delete this sentence: compile files('libs/android-support-v4.jar')
That's how I fix this problem.
The error occurs when you have the same library/directory included more than once in your build.gradle's dependencies. Ok, let’s say you have an App structure that looks like this:
So you have the main “app” and then you have a bunch of sub-apps/modules/libraries. The libraries are: 1) gene_test_library, 2) genes_nine_old_androids_library, & 3) swipe_list_view_library.
My name is Gene, so that’s why there are all these “gene” libraries.
Inside the build.gradle for “app”, I have:
dependencies {
compile fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:21.0.0'
compile project(':libraries:gene_test_library')
//compile project(':libraries:genes_nine_old_androids_library')
compile project(':libraries:swipe_list_view_library')
}
Inside the build.gradle for gene_test_library, I have nothing:
dependencies {
}
Inside build.gradle for gene_nine_old_androids_library, I have:
dependencies {
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:21.0.0'
}
Inside build.gradle for swipe_list_view_library, I have:
dependencies {
compile 'com.nineoldandroids:library:2.4.0+'
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:21.0.0'
}
This line of code “compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])” just means “hey, look inside the ‘libs’ folder inside this module for any jar files. I do not have anything in the libs folder of any of the modules so you can ignore that line of code.
So let’s say I uncomment out //compile project(':libraries:genes_nine_old_androids_library')
In the build.gradle for the “app” module. Then I would get the “UNEXPECTED TOP-LEVEL EXCEPTION:” error. Why is that?
Well, writing //compile project(':libraries:genes_nine_old_androids_library') inside the build.gradle for “app”, is the same as taking the build dependencies of “genes_nine_old_androids_library” module and putting it there. So uncommenting the //compile project(':libraries:genes_nine_old_androids_library') statement, the build.gradle for “app” module becomes:
dependencies {
compile fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:21.0.0'
compile project(':libraries:gene_test_library')
***compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])***
***compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:21.0.0'***
compile project(':libraries:swipe_list_view_library')
}
Notice how now “compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:21.0.0'” shows up 2x. That’s where the error is coming from.
I found 2 reason for this issue:
Sometimes its because of multiple included libraries. For example you add
compile 'com.nineoldandroids:library:2.4.0'
in your gradle and add another library that it also use "nineoldandroids" in it's gradle!
As Android Developer Official website said:
If you have built an Android app and received this error, then congratulations, you have a lot of code!
So, why?
The Dalvik Executable specification limits the total number of methods that can be referenced within a single DEX file to 65,536, including Android framework methods, library methods, and methods in your own code. Getting past this limit requires that you configure your app build process to generate more than one DEX file, known as a multidex configuration.
Then what should you do?
Avoiding the 65K Limit - How?
Review your app's direct and transitive dependencies - Ensure any large library dependency you include in your app is used in a manner that outweighs the amount of code being added to the application. A common anti-pattern is to include a very large library because a few utility methods were useful. Reducing your app code dependencies can often help you avoid the dex reference limit.
Remove unused code with ProGuard - Configure the ProGuard settings for your app to run ProGuard and ensure you have shrinking enabled for release builds. Enabling shrinking ensures you are not shipping unused code with your APKs.
Configuring Your App for Multidex with Gradle - How?
1.Change your Gradle build configuration to enable multidex.
put
multiDexEnabled true
in the defaultConfig, buildType, or productFlavor sections of your Gradle build file.
2.In your manifest add the MultiDexApplication class from the multidex support library to the application element.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.android.multidex.myapplication">
<application
...
android:name="android.support.multidex.MultiDexApplication">
...
</application>
</manifest>
Note: If your app uses extends the Application class, you can override the attachBaseContext() method and call MultiDex.install(this) to enable multidex. For more information, see the MultiDexApplication reference documentation.
Also this code may help you:
dexOptions {
javaMaxHeapSize "4g"
}
Put in your gradle(android{ ... } ).
Hi all I had the same issue that was being caused by a duplicate support version 4 file that I had included while trying to get parse integrated. Deleted the extra inclusion from the libs directory and it works fine now!
This happens when a library is getting compiled twice (i.e it is added two time). It can be support library or any other, it doesn't matter.
The common case is that you have added a compile statement of a library which is already in your libs/ directory. All the *.jar files are compiled automatically. Thus, adding a compile statement is causing the error. Removing that statement might fix this issue. If this is not applicable then we already have some awesome answers.
This might be the dumbest answer, but this worked for me :
I removed and added all the libraries on my project manually.(One after the other) And voila, it worked.
Build -> Rebuild project
Note: No library of mine was compiled twice.
Make sure you have downloaded Support Repository to use support library dependency in build.gradle.
If these all are there already installed sync your project with gradle once using the button available.
In my case TOP LEVEL EXCEPTION was throw because of a special char in project path. Just closed the project, changed "á" to "a" and reopened the project. Works!
Suddenly, without any major change in my project, I too got this error.
All the above did not work for me, since I needed both the support libs V4 and V7.
At the end, because 2 hours ago the project compiled with no problems, I simply told Android Studio to REBUILD the project, and the error was gone.
I had similar problem when I tried to build a signed apk for my app.
Strange, it happened only when I wanted to build a release apk, while on debug apk everything worked OK.
Finally, looking on this thread, I checked for support library duplications in build.gradle and removed any duplications but this wasn't enough..
I had to do clean project and only then finally I've got it to work.
I know that the problem was answered, but this could happen again and my solution was a little different from the ones that I found. In my case the solution wasn't related to include two different libraries in my project. See code below:
compileOptions {
sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
}
This code was giving that error "Unexpected Top-Level Exception".
I fix the code making the following changes:
compileOptions {
sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_7
targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_7
}
I solved my problem with adding these in build gradle:
defaultConfig {
multiDexEnabled true
dependencies {
compile 'com.android.support:multidex:1.0.0'
another solution can be removing unnecessary libraries