I'm trying to store an audio file that is picked by the user from his own music player into sqlite database and I want to know is there a way to convert audio files to byte array.
String path = ""; // Audio File path
InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(path);
byte[] arr = readByte(inputStream);
Log.d("byte: ", "" + Arrays.toString(arr));
or
public static byte[] getBytesFromInputStream(InputStream is) throws IOException {
ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buffer = new byte[0xFFFF];
for (int len = is.read(buffer); len != -1; len = is.read(buffer)) {
os.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
return os.toByteArray();
}
try {
String path = ""; // Audio File path
InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(path);
byte[] myByteArray = getBytesFromInputStream(inputStream);
// ...
} catch(IOException e) {
// Handle error...
}
I'm using an InjectCSS script to use an extra css file on a webview.
But the script takes the CSS file from the assets folder, I want the css file externally hosted.
private void injectCSS() {
try {
InputStream inputStream = getAssets().open("style.css");
byte[] buffer = new byte[inputStream.available()];
inputStream.read(buffer);
inputStream.close();
String encoded = Base64.encodeToString(buffer, Base64.NO_WRAP);
wv.loadUrl("javascript:(function() {" +
"var parent = document.getElementsByTagName('head').item(0);" +
"var style = document.createElement('style');" +
"style.type = 'text/css';" +
// Tell the browser to BASE64-decode the string into your script !!!
"style.innerHTML = window.atob('" + encoded + "');" +
"parent.appendChild(style)" +
"})();");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
I tried to change the inputstream to url but that didnt work.
InputStream inputSteam = new URL("http://www.website.com/folder/style.css").openStream();
If you need to use BASE64-encode, you need this
InputStream inputSteam = new URL("http://www.website.com/folder/style.css").openStream();
String encoded = new String(readBytes(inputStream), Base64.NO_WRAP);
// ...
public byte[] readBytes(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
// this dynamically extends to take the bytes you read
ByteArrayOutputStream byteBuffer = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
// this is storage overwritten on each iteration with bytes
int bufferSize = 1024;
byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferSize];
// we need to know how may bytes were read to write them to the byteBuffer
int len = 0;
while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
byteBuffer.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
// and then we can return your byte array.
return byteBuffer.toByteArray();
}
i get data from a wav file and want to write byte back to wav .
i have already got the byte from wav.here is my code
i know 0-43 bytes are header and 44- are data
byte[] soundBytes;
try {
InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(getRealPathFromURI(this,uri));
soundBytes = toByteArray(inputStream);
for (int i = 0; i != -1 ; i++) {
if(soundBytes[i]<0) {
k =soundBytes[i] + 256;
} else {k = soundBytes[i];}
System.out.println("byte " + i + ": " + k );
}
} catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public byte[] toByteArray(InputStream in) throws IOException {
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int read = 0;
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
while (read != -1) {
read = in.read(buffer);
if (read != -1)
out.write(buffer,0,read);
}
out.close();
return out.toByteArray();
}
The below code is converting raw pcm file into raw file. As you said you got the raw bytes you either follow creating a raw file with these bytes you got and send that file into following rawToWave() method or manipulate rawToWave() method to make require convert bytes[] into raw file directly.
public void rawToWave(final File rawFile) throws IOException {
File waveFile = DirectoryOperations.createDirAndAudioFile("vocal.wav");// creating the empty wav file.
byte[] rawData = new byte[(int) rawFile.length()];
DataInputStream input = null;
try {
input = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(rawFile));
input.read(rawData);
} finally {
if (input != null) {
input.close();
}
}
DataOutputStream output = null;//following block is converting raw to wav.
try {
output = new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(waveFile));
// WAVE header
// see http://ccrma.stanford.edu/courses/422/projects/WaveFormat/
writeString(output, "RIFF"); // chunk id
writeInt(output, 36 + rawData.length); // chunk size
writeString(output, "WAVE"); // format
writeString(output, "fmt "); // subchunk 1 id
writeInt(output, 16); // subchunk 1 size
writeShort(output, (short) 1); // audio format (1 = PCM)
writeShort(output, (short) 1); // number of channels
writeInt(output, RECORDER_SAMPLERATE); // sample rate
writeInt(output, RECORDER_SAMPLERATE * 2); // byte rate
writeShort(output, (short) 2); // block align
writeShort(output, (short) 16); // bits per sample
writeString(output, "data"); // subchunk 2 id
writeInt(output, rawData.length); // subchunk 2 size
output.write(fullyReadFileToBytes(rawFile));
} finally {
if (output != null) {
output.close();
}
}
}
private byte[] fullyReadFileToBytes(File f) throws IOException {
int size = (int) f.length();
byte bytes[] = new byte[size];
byte tmpBuff[] = new byte[size];
try (FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(f)) {
int read = fis.read(bytes, 0, size);
if (read < size) {
int remain = size - read;
while (remain > 0) {
read = fis.read(tmpBuff, 0, remain);
System.arraycopy(tmpBuff, 0, bytes, size - remain, read);
remain -= read;
}
}
}
return bytes;
}
private void writeInt(final DataOutputStream output, final int value) throws IOException {
output.write(value);
output.write(value >> 8);
output.write(value >> 16);
output.write(value >> 24);
}
private void writeShort(final DataOutputStream output, final short value) throws IOException {
output.write(value);
output.write(value >> 8);
}
private void writeString(final DataOutputStream output, final String value) throws IOException {
for (int i = 0; i < value.length(); i++) {
output.write(value.charAt(i));
}
}
I am currently developing an Android Application that has audio recording and playing. I am new to dealing with audio and I'm having some trouble with encoding and formats.
I am able to record and play the audio in my application, but when exporting I am not able to reproduce the audio. The only way I found was exporting my .pcm file and converting using Audacity.
This is my code to record the audio is:
private Thread recordingThread
private AudioRecord mRecorder;
private boolean isRecording = false;
private void startRecording() {
mRecorder = new AudioRecord(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC,
Constants.RECORDER_SAMPLERATE, Constants.RECORDER_CHANNELS,
Constants.RECORDER_AUDIO_ENCODING, Constants.BufferElements2Rec * Constants.BytesPerElement);
mRecorder.startRecording();
isRecording = true;
recordingThread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
writeAudioDataToFile();
}
}, "AudioRecorder Thread");
recordingThread.start();
}
private void writeAudioDataToFile() {
// Write the output audio in byte
FileOutputStream os = null;
try {
os = new FileOutputStream(mFileName);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
while (isRecording) {
// gets the voice output from microphone to byte format
mRecorder.read(sData, 0, Constants.BufferElements2Rec);
try {
// // writes the data to file from buffer
// // stores the voice buffer
byte bData[] = short2byte(sData);
os.write(bData, 0, Constants.BufferElements2Rec * Constants.BytesPerElement);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
try {
os.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
To play the recorded audio, the code is:
private void startPlaying() {
new Thread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
try {
File file = new File(mFileName);
byte[] audioData = null;
InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(mFileName);
audioData = new byte[Constants.BufferElements2Rec];
mPlayer = new AudioTrack(AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC, Constants.RECORDER_SAMPLERATE,
AudioFormat.CHANNEL_OUT_MONO, Constants.RECORDER_AUDIO_ENCODING,
Constants.BufferElements2Rec * Constants.BytesPerElement, AudioTrack.MODE_STREAM);
final float duration = (float) file.length() / Constants.RECORDER_SAMPLERATE / 2;
Log.i(TAG, "PLAYBACK AUDIO");
Log.i(TAG, String.valueOf(duration));
mPlayer.setPositionNotificationPeriod(Constants.RECORDER_SAMPLERATE / 10);
mPlayer.setNotificationMarkerPosition(Math.round(duration * Constants.RECORDER_SAMPLERATE));
mPlayer.play();
int i = 0;
while ((i = inputStream.read(audioData)) != -1) {
try {
mPlayer.write(audioData, 0, i);
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e(TAG, "Exception: " + e.getLocalizedMessage());
}
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException fe) {
Log.e(TAG, "File not found: " + fe.getLocalizedMessage());
} catch (IOException io) {
Log.e(TAG, "IO Exception: " + io.getLocalizedMessage());
}
}
}).start();
}
The constants defined in a Constants class are:
public class Constants {
final static public int RECORDER_SAMPLERATE = 44100;
final static public int RECORDER_CHANNELS = AudioFormat.CHANNEL_IN_MONO;
final static public int RECORDER_AUDIO_ENCODING = AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT;
final static public int BufferElements2Rec = 1024; // want to play 2048 (2K) since 2 bytes we use only 1024
final static public int BytesPerElement = 2; // 2 bytes in 16bit format
}
If I export the file as it is, I convert it with Audacity and it plays. I do, however, need to export it in a format that can be played automatically.
I've seen answers to implement Lame and am currently working on it. I've also found an answer to convert it using:
private File rawToWave(final File rawFile, final String filePath) throws IOException {
File waveFile = new File(filePath);
byte[] rawData = new byte[(int) rawFile.length()];
DataInputStream input = null;
try {
input = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(rawFile));
input.read(rawData);
} finally {
if (input != null) {
input.close();
}
}
DataOutputStream output = null;
try {
output = new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(waveFile));
// WAVE header
// see http://ccrma.stanford.edu/courses/422/projects/WaveFormat/
writeString(output, "RIFF"); // chunk id
writeInt(output, 36 + rawData.length); // chunk size
writeString(output, "WAVE"); // format
writeString(output, "fmt "); // subchunk 1 id
writeInt(output, 16); // subchunk 1 size
writeShort(output, (short) 1); // audio format (1 = PCM)
writeShort(output, (short) 1); // number of channels
writeInt(output, Constants.RECORDER_SAMPLERATE); // sample rate
writeInt(output, Constants.RECORDER_SAMPLERATE * 2); // byte rate
writeShort(output, (short) 2); // block align
writeShort(output, (short) 16); // bits per sample
writeString(output, "data"); // subchunk 2 id
writeInt(output, rawData.length); // subchunk 2 size
// Audio data (conversion big endian -> little endian)
short[] shorts = new short[rawData.length / 2];
ByteBuffer.wrap(rawData).order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN).asShortBuffer().get(shorts);
ByteBuffer bytes = ByteBuffer.allocate(shorts.length * 2);
for (short s : shorts) {
bytes.putShort(s);
}
output.write(bytes.array());
} finally {
if (output != null) {
output.close();
}
}
return waveFile;
}
private void writeInt(final DataOutputStream output, final int value) throws IOException {
output.write(value >> 0);
output.write(value >> 8);
output.write(value >> 16);
output.write(value >> 24);
}
private void writeShort(final DataOutputStream output, final short value) throws IOException {
output.write(value >> 0);
output.write(value >> 8);
}
private void writeString(final DataOutputStream output, final String value) throws IOException {
for (int i = 0; i < value.length(); i++) {
output.write(value.charAt(i));
}
}
But this, when exported, plays with the correct duration but just white noise.
Some of the answers that I've tried but wasn't able to work:
Android:Creating Wave file using Raw PCM, the wave file does not play
How to convert PCM raw data to mp3 file?
converting pcm file to mp3 using liblame in android
Anyone can point out what is the best solution? Is it really implementing lame or can it be done on a more straight forward way? If so, why is the code sample converting the file to just white noise?
You've got most of the code correct. The only issue that I can see is the part where you write the PCM data to the WAV file. This should be quite simple to do because WAV = Metadata + PCM (in that order). This should work:
private void rawToWave(final File rawFile, final File waveFile) throws IOException {
byte[] rawData = new byte[(int) rawFile.length()];
DataInputStream input = null;
try {
input = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(rawFile));
input.read(rawData);
} finally {
if (input != null) {
input.close();
}
}
DataOutputStream output = null;
try {
output = new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(waveFile));
// WAVE header
// see http://ccrma.stanford.edu/courses/422/projects/WaveFormat/
writeString(output, "RIFF"); // chunk id
writeInt(output, 36 + rawData.length); // chunk size
writeString(output, "WAVE"); // format
writeString(output, "fmt "); // subchunk 1 id
writeInt(output, 16); // subchunk 1 size
writeShort(output, (short) 1); // audio format (1 = PCM)
writeShort(output, (short) 1); // number of channels
writeInt(output, 44100); // sample rate
writeInt(output, RECORDER_SAMPLERATE * 2); // byte rate
writeShort(output, (short) 2); // block align
writeShort(output, (short) 16); // bits per sample
writeString(output, "data"); // subchunk 2 id
writeInt(output, rawData.length); // subchunk 2 size
// Audio data (conversion big endian -> little endian)
short[] shorts = new short[rawData.length / 2];
ByteBuffer.wrap(rawData).order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN).asShortBuffer().get(shorts);
ByteBuffer bytes = ByteBuffer.allocate(shorts.length * 2);
for (short s : shorts) {
bytes.putShort(s);
}
output.write(fullyReadFileToBytes(rawFile));
} finally {
if (output != null) {
output.close();
}
}
}
byte[] fullyReadFileToBytes(File f) throws IOException {
int size = (int) f.length();
byte bytes[] = new byte[size];
byte tmpBuff[] = new byte[size];
FileInputStream fis= new FileInputStream(f);
try {
int read = fis.read(bytes, 0, size);
if (read < size) {
int remain = size - read;
while (remain > 0) {
read = fis.read(tmpBuff, 0, remain);
System.arraycopy(tmpBuff, 0, bytes, size - remain, read);
remain -= read;
}
}
} catch (IOException e){
throw e;
} finally {
fis.close();
}
return bytes;
}
private void writeInt(final DataOutputStream output, final int value) throws IOException {
output.write(value >> 0);
output.write(value >> 8);
output.write(value >> 16);
output.write(value >> 24);
}
private void writeShort(final DataOutputStream output, final short value) throws IOException {
output.write(value >> 0);
output.write(value >> 8);
}
private void writeString(final DataOutputStream output, final String value) throws IOException {
for (int i = 0; i < value.length(); i++) {
output.write(value.charAt(i));
}
}
How to use
It's quite simple to use. Just call it like this:
File f1 = new File("/sdcard/44100Sampling-16bit-mono-mic.pcm"); // The location of your PCM file
File f2 = new File("/sdcard/44100Sampling-16bit-mono-mic.wav"); // The location where you want your WAV file
try {
rawToWave(f1, f2);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
How all this works
As you can see, the WAV header is the only difference between WAV and PCM file formats. The assumption is that you are recording 16 bit PCM MONO audio (which according to your code, you are). The rawToWave function just neatly adds headers to the WAV file, so that music players know what to expect when your file is opened, and then after the headers, it just writes the PCM data from the last bit onwards.
Cool Tip
If you want to shift the pitch of your voice, or make a voice changer app, all you got to do is increase/decrease the value of writeInt(output, 44100); // sample rate in your code. Decreasing it will tell the player to play it at a different rate thereby changing the output pitch. Just a little extra 'good to know' thing. :)
I know it is late and you got your stuff working with MediaRecorder. But thought of sharing my answer as it took me some good time to find it. :)
When you record your audio, the data is read as short from your AudioRecord object and it is then converted to bytes before storing in the .pcm file.
Now, when you write the .wav file, you're again doing the short conversion. This is not required. So, in your code if you remove the following block and write the rawData directly to the end of .wav file. It will work just fine.
short[] shorts = new short[rawData.length / 2];
ByteBuffer.wrap(rawData).order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN).asShortBuffer().get(shorts);
ByteBuffer bytes = ByteBuffer.allocate(shorts.length * 2);
for (short s : shorts) {
bytes.putShort(s);
}
Check the below piece of code you'll get after removing the duplicate block of code.
writeInt(output, rawData.length); // subchunk 2 size
// removed the duplicate short conversion
output.write(rawData);
Just to register, I solved my need of recording an audio playable in common players using MediaRecorder instead of Audio Recorder.
To start recording:
MediaRecorder mRecorder = new MediaRecorder();
mRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);
mRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.THREE_GPP);
mRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.AMR_NB);
mRecorder.setOutputFile(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()
.getAbsolutePath() + "/recording.3gp");
mRecorder.prepare();
mRecorder.start();
And to play the recording:
mPlayer = new MediaPlayer();
mPlayer.setDataSource(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()
.getAbsolutePath() + "/recording.3gp");
mPlayer.prepare();
mPlayer.start();
I tried the above code for audio recording writeAudioDataToFile(). It perfectly records and convert the audio into .wav format. But when I played the recorded audio, it was too fast. 5sec audio completed in 2.5 sec. Then I observed it was because of this short2byte() function.
For those how are having same problem should not use short2byte() and directly write sData in line os.write(sData, 0, Constants.BufferElements2Rec * Constants.BytesPerElement); where sData should be byte[].
I have cheerapp.wav or cheerapp.mp3 or some other format.
InputStream in = context.getResources().openRawResource(R.raw.cheerapp);
BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(in, 8000);
// Create a DataInputStream to read the audio data from the saved file
DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(bis);
byte[] music = null;
music = new byte[??];
int i = 0; // Read the file into the "music" array
while (dis.available() > 0) {
// dis.read(music[i]); // This assignment does not reverse the order
music[i]=dis.readByte();
i++;
}
dis.close();
For the music byte array which takes the data from the DataInputStream. I don't know what the length of that to allocate.
This is raw file from resource not a file therefore I wouldn't know the size of that thing.
You do have byte array length as you can see:
InputStream inStream = context.getResources().openRawResource(R.raw.cheerapp);
byte[] music = new byte[inStream.available()];
And then you can read whole Stream into byte array easily.
Of course I would recommend that you do check when it comes to the size and use ByteArrayOutputStream with smaller byte[] buffer if needed:
public static byte[] convertStreamToByteArray(InputStream is) throws IOException {
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buff = new byte[10240];
int i = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
while ((i = is.read(buff, 0, buff.length)) > 0) {
baos.write(buff, 0, i);
}
return baos.toByteArray(); // be sure to close InputStream in calling function
}
If you'll be doing lots of IO operations I recommend that you make use of org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils. That way you won't need to worry too much about quality of your IO implementation and once you import JAR into your project you would just do:
byte[] payload = IOUtils.toByteArray(context.getResources().openRawResource(R.raw.cheerapp));
Hope it will help.
Create an sdcard path:
String outputFile =
Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + "/recording.3gp";
Convert as a file and have to call the byte array method:
byte[] soundBytes;
try {
InputStream inputStream =
getContentResolver().openInputStream(Uri.fromFile(new File(outputFile)));
soundBytes = new byte[inputStream.available()];
soundBytes = toByteArray(inputStream);
Toast.makeText(this, "Recordin Finished"+ " " + soundBytes, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
} catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
method:
public byte[] toByteArray(InputStream in) throws IOException {
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int read = 0;
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
while (read != -1) {
read = in.read(buffer);
if (read != -1)
out.write(buffer,0,read);
}
out.close();
return out.toByteArray();
}
In Kotlin use
InputStream.readBytes()