Android styles, difference between api levels - android

I'm trying to learn how to Style my application using the styles.xml file and I need some clarification on a few things to understand it.
In an Item, what is the difference between setting android:actionbarstyle and just actionbarstyle ? I know that in this particular case, I have to define both, but why? And what about all other cases, for example android:colorPrimary and just colorPrimary? In that case I get an error saying that android:colorPrimary can only be used with min API level 21. So does someone have a good explanation on what the android: prefix does and how it affects my app?
Is there a reference to the different parent styles, such as parent="#style/Widget.AppCompat.Light.ActionBar and what they mean? How do I find a list of the different parent styles available for a specific item and what I can "override" in them? Right now, it's mostly guessing on my part....
Just as a reference, I'm posting my current styles.xml file.
<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<style name="AppTheme" parent="MyTheme"/>
<style name="MyTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light">
<item name="actionBarTheme">#style/MyTheme.ActionBarTheme</item>
<item name="android:actionBarStyle">#style/MyTheme.ActionBarStyle</item>
<item name="actionBarStyle">#style/MyTheme.ActionBarStyle</item>
<item name="colorPrimary">#color/my_green</item>
<item name="colorPrimaryDark">#color/my_forest</item>
<item name="colorAccent">#color/my_soil</item>
<item name="drawerArrowStyle">#style/MyTheme.DrawerArrowStyle</item>
<item name="android:actionOverflowButtonStyle">#style/MyTheme.OverFlow</item>
<item name="android:actionMenuTextColor">#color/white</item>
<item name="homeAsUpIndicator">#drawable/abc_ic_ab_back_mtrl_am_alpha</item>
<item name="android:homeAsUpIndicator">#drawable/abc_ic_ab_back_mtrl_am_alpha</item>
<item name="colorControlNormal">#color/my_green</item>
<item name="colorControlActivated">#color/my_forest</item>
<item name="colorControlHighlight">#color/my_deep_green</item>
</style>
<style name="MyTheme.ActionBarTheme" parent="#style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.ActionBar">
<!-- This sets the BACK arrow to white. Otherwise it's black. Must be placed in the theme-->
<item name="colorControlNormal">#color/white</item>
</style>
<style name="MyTheme.ActionBarStyle" parent="#style/Widget.AppCompat.Light.ActionBar">
<item name="android:background">#color/my_green</item>
<item name="background">#color/my_green</item>
<item name="android:titleTextStyle">#style/MyTheme.ActionBar.TitleTextStyle</item>
<item name="titleTextStyle">#style/MyTheme.ActionBar.TitleTextStyle</item>
<item name="colorControlNormal">#color/white</item>
</style>
<style name="MyTheme.ActionBar.TitleTextStyle" parent="#android:style/TextAppearance.Holo.Widget.ActionBar.Title">
<item name="android:textColor">#color/white</item>
</style>
<style name="MyTheme.DrawerArrowStyle" parent="Widget.AppCompat.DrawerArrowToggle">
<item name="spinBars">true</item>
<item name="color">#color/white</item>
</style>
<style name="MyTheme.OverFlow" parent="Widget.AppCompat.ActionButton.Overflow">
<item name="android:tint">#color/white</item>
</style>
</resources>

I will try my best to explain and will concentrate on:
<item name="colorPrimary">#color/my_green</item>
<item name="colorPrimaryDark">#color/my_forest</item>
<item name="colorAccent">#color/my_soil</item>
These attributes are regularly available with API level 21. In general you use attributes with the "android" prefix.
If you define all your styles in the styles.xml of your values folder and if you are using app compat, then you need both.
Without the prefix the attributes applies for pre L devices. i.e. App Compat. To get it work for L devices and higher you need to specifiy the attribute again with the "android" prefix.
And to get the other Android styles you can step into them, like you step into classes and the implementations. For Mac I press the command button and then click with the mouse on the specific style.

Related

Attributes with no android namespaces on xml's

I'm just a beginner in android and studying how to create styles and themes.
I found this xml here:
Material Log In Demo
<resources>
<!-- Base application theme. -->
<style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar">
<!-- Customize your theme here. -->
</style>
<style name="AppTheme.Dark" parent="Theme.AppCompat.NoActionBar">
<item name="colorPrimary">#color/primary</item>
<item name="colorPrimaryDark">#color/primary_dark</item>
<item name="colorAccent">#color/accent</item>
<item name="android:windowBackground">#color/primary</item>
<item name="colorControlNormal">#color/iron</item>
<item name="colorControlActivated">#color/white</item>
<item name="colorControlHighlight">#color/white</item>
<item name="android:textColorHint">#color/iron</item>
<item name="colorButtonNormal">#color/primary_darker</item>
<item name="android:colorButtonNormal">#color/primary_darker</item>
</style>
<style name="AppTheme.Dark.Dialog" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Dialog">
<item name="colorAccent">#color/white</item>
<item name="android:textColorPrimary">#color/iron</item>
<item name="android:background">#color/primary</item>
</style>
What I'm confused about is why some name attributes of <item> directives have no android namespace on them, while others have? Like the colorButtonNormal and android:colorButtonNormal. Can someone explain when/why they are used please?
Referring the android doc and finding the name attribute as "Required". Android resources uses XML which implies they need to use XML Schema. If they are using any namespace => they don't want any conflicts with the name. Hope this helps
For reference:
A "Schema" is what is required to allow the acceptance (or creation) of XML documents with a standardized element name and hierarchy structure.
afaik, we need to use android:propertyName to override the properties of specific style based on the API Level. For example, in property name of value/styles.xml you may need to use:
<style name="AppTheme.Dark.Dialog" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Dialog">
...
<item name="android:background">#color/primary</item>
</style>
But in values-v14/styles.xml you need to use:
<style name="AppTheme.Dark.Dialog" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Dialog">
...
<item name="background">#color/primary</item>
</style>
Here the <item name="android:background"> and <item name="background"> has the same meaning. Just a different naming convention for the specific API Level.
Please be noted that the example is just for demonstration purpose.

can't change color of actionBar divider

I tried change color of my actionBar divider , but nothing work. I' using android support library v7 for support old devices and custom style, and i also change all action bar drawable, but nothing happend!
<resources>
<style name="MyTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat">
<item name="actionBarStyle">#style/MyActionBar</item>
</style>
<style name="MyActionBar" parent = "Widget.AppCompat.ActionBar">
<item name="background">#drawable/my_action_bar</item>
</style>
</resources>
And my ide show me strange error in layout , why did i get this error? it's not color value
java.lang.NumberFormatException: Color value '#drawable/abs__ab_transparent_dark_holo' must start with #
Solution: Need to add android namespace if use for api level >= 14 .May be it will be helpful to someone.
It is because the "divider" is an image. It's hardcoded in the Holo theme assets.
Look at platforms/android-19/data/res/drawable-xxhdpi/ab_transparent_dark_holo.9.png
The style is declared here for holo dark.
<style name="Widget.Holo.ActionBar" parent="Widget.ActionBar">
...
<item name="android:background">#android:drawable/ab_transparent_dark_holo</item>
...
</style>
It's a background. You will need to change the color in the image and replace the background of your bar.
It also needs different sizes for different resolutions.
Maybe you should set color directly, change your theme as
<item name="android:divider">#color/dividercolor</item>
Then you should add color dividercolor in you /value/color file,like
<item name="dividercolor"> #0099CC </item>
I hope this will be helpful to you
<style name="CustomTheme" parent="#android:style/Theme.Holo.Light">
<item name="android:actionBarStyle">#style/MyTheme.ActionBarStyle</item>
<item name="android:actionBarDivider">#drawable/action_vertical_doted</item>
<item name="android:actionButtonStyle">#style/MyTheme.ActionBar.ActionButton</item>
<item name="android:actionMenuTextColor">#ffffff</item>
<!-- <item name="android:actionMenuTextAppearance">#style/MyTheme.Menu.FontStyle</item> -->
<!-- <item name="android:actionBarSize">50dp</item> -->
</style>
<style name="MyTheme.ActionBarStyle" parent="#android:style/Widget.Holo.Light.ActionBar">
<item name="android:titleTextStyle">#style/MyTheme.ActionBar.TitleTextStyle</item>
<item name="android:background">#drawable/actionbar_bg_shap</item>
<item name="android:displayOptions">none</item>
<item name="android:backgroundSplit">#drawable/actionbar_bg_shap</item>
</style>
<style name="MyTheme.ActionBar.ActionButton" parent="#android:style/Widget.Holo.Light.ActionButton">
<item name="android:background">#drawable/main_button_inactive_tr</item>
</style>

ActionBarSherlock: changing homeAsUpIndicator doesn't work

I'm want to change the up icon with applying the following style to my activity, but it doesn't work and but I still get the default black '<' icon.
Can anyone find out what is missing here?
<style name="AppTheme.ActionBar" parent="#style/Theme.Sherlock.Light">
<item name="actionBarStyle">#style/actionBarStyle</item>
<item name="android:actionBarStyle">#style/actionBarStyle</item>
</style>
<style name="actionBarStyle" parent="#style/Widget.Sherlock.Light.ActionBar.Solid">
<item name="android:background">#drawable/header_bar</item>
<item name="background">#drawable/header_bar</item>
<item name="android:homeAsUpIndicator">#drawable/up_indicator</item>
<item name="homeAsUpIndicator">#drawable/up_indicator</item>
<item name="android:displayOptions">homeAsUp|showHome</item>
<item name="displayOptions">homeAsUp|showHome</item>
</style>
If I remember correctly, I worked around this issue by moving you should move the android:homeAsUpIndicator and homeAsUpIndicator elements into the main theme declaration. In other words, try:
<style name="AppTheme.ActionBar" parent="#style/Theme.Sherlock.Light">
<item name="actionBarStyle">#style/actionBarStyle</item>
<item name="android:actionBarStyle">#style/actionBarStyle</item>
<item name="android:homeAsUpIndicator">#drawable/up_indicator</item>
<item name="homeAsUpIndicator">#drawable/up_indicator</item>
</style>
<style name="actionBarStyle" parent="#style/Widget.Sherlock.Light.ActionBar.Solid">
<item name="android:background">#drawable/header_bar</item>
<item name="background">#drawable/header_bar</item>
<item name="android:displayOptions">homeAsUp|showHome</item>
<item name="displayOptions">homeAsUp|showHome</item>
</style>
Not sure whether I also had to move up the displayOptions, but you may want to give that a go too in case above doesn't work right away.
By the way, I find naming a style AppTheme.ActionBar and then inheriting from Theme.Sherlock.Light rather confusing. If it were an ActionBar specific style, I would've expected something like Widget.Holo.Light.ActionBar (or any of the other widget styles) as the parent. If it's your main theme, I'd name it accordingly. Up to you of course.
Edit: Updated answer after Jake's comment.

Fully transparent ActionBarSherlock by using theme

I am using ActionBarSherlock 4.0.2.
I need a fully transparent action bar (without the neon color bottom divider). Hence, I have the following style:
<style name="AppTheme" parent="#style/Theme.Sherlock">
<item name="windowActionBarOverlay">true</item>
<item name="icon">#drawable/ic_home</item>
<item name="titleTextStyle">#style/ActionBarCompatTitle</item>
<item name="android:windowFullscreen">true</item>
</style>
By using above code, I will still have the following effect.
In order to disable the background, I put the following code in SherlockFragmentActivity#onCreate. Then the problem gone.
getSupportActionBar().setBackgroundDrawable(null);
However, I would like to see the solution being implemented in styles.xml instead of Java code, as I have many other devices with different screen configuration. I modified the styles.xml to the following, without using the previously mentioned fix in the Java code.
<style name="AppTheme" parent="#style/Theme.Sherlock">
<item name="windowActionBarOverlay">true</item>
<item name="icon">#drawable/ic_home</item>
<item name="titleTextStyle">#style/ActionBarCompatTitle</item>
<item name="android:windowFullscreen">true</item>
<item name="android:background">#drawable/transparent</item>
<item name="background">#drawable/transparent</item>
</style>
However, the neon divider still visible. It seems that my fix using android:background and background does not work. Am I missing something?
<style name="AppTheme" parent="#style/Theme.Sherlock">
<item name="actionBarStyle">#style/AppTheme.ActionBar</item>
<item name="android:actionBarStyle">#style/AppTheme.ActionBar</item>
</style>
<style name="AppTheme.ActionBar" parent="#style/Widget.Sherlock.ActionBar">
<item name="background">#android:color/transparent</item>
<item name="android:background">#android:color/transparent</item>
</style>

Style Inheritance with ActionBar Tab troubles

Many of my questions about "styling" actionbar tabs were answered by adamp in this thread on tab style, but I am still struggling with my arriving at the desired presentation.
Specifically, I am attempting to do what adamp suggested in the following fragment from my styles.xml file, but, I cannot get the inherited (Widget.holo.actionbar) feature of a light blue line to appear under the selected tab nor is there any indication of selection:
<style name="MyTheme" parent="android:style/Theme.Holo">
<item name="android:actionBarStyle">#style/CustomActionBar</item>
</style>
<style name="CustomActionBar" parent="android:style/Widget.Holo.ActionBar">
<item name="android:actionBarTabTextStyle">#style/customActionBarTabTextStyle</item>
<item name="android:actionBarTabStyle">#style/customActionBarTabStyle</item>
<item name="android:actionBarTabBarStyle">#style/customActionBarTabBarStyle</item>
</style>
<style name="customActionBarTabTextStyle" parent="#style/CustomActionBar">
<item name="android:textColor">#2966c2</item>
<item name="android:textSize">20sp</item>
<item name="android:typeface">sans</item>
</style>
<style name="customActionBarTabStyle" parent="#style/CustomActionBar">
<!-- <item name="android:background">#drawable/actionbar_tab_bg</item> -->
<item name="android:paddingLeft">20dp</item>
<item name="android:paddingRight">20dp</item>
</style>
<style name="customActionBarTabBarStyle" parent="#style/CustomActionBar">
<item name="android:paddingLeft">240dp</item>
</style>
Can someone explain why the thin blue line selection behavior of the Honeycomb Gallery Sample App does not work for me?
New insight since this was written: the problem here, I think, is that the style I have created to overide ActionBarTabStyle is entirely bogus:
<style name="customActionBarTabStyle" parent="#style/CustomActionBar">
<item name="android:paddingLeft">20dp</item>
<item name="android:paddingRight">20dp</item>
</style>
I need to specify the correct parent of this style per "Theme.holo"....how can one find where the default style is so it can be specified as a parent?
Thanks
To specify the correct parents for actionbar style in API 11, Check doc here:
https://developer.android.com/training/basics/actionbar/styling.html

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