Develop Reference

why public variables change in Binding Service after run App?

I use bind service in Android .I start Service and stop Service with button and it work correctly.The story: I press start service button so Service start then,I increase x with showint button and x increase well, then I close App without stopping service then run App again , but public x turn to zero and initial again.I need service without re-initial public variable.How can i do that? How can bind .
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
BoundService mBoundService;
boolean mServiceBound = false;
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
final TextView timestampText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.timestamp_text);
Button shownum = (Button) findViewById(R.id.shownum);
Button stopService= (Button) findViewById(R.id.stop_service);
Button start = (Button) findViewById(R.id.start);
shownum.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
#Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if (mServiceBound) {
timestampText.setText(mBoundService.shownum());
}
}
});
stopService.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
#Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if (mServiceBound) {
unbindService(mServiceConnection);
mServiceBound = false;
}
Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,
BoundService.class);
stopService(intent);
}
});
start.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
#Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, BoundService.class);
startService(intent);
bindService(intent, mServiceConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
});
}
private ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
#Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
BoundService.MyBinder myBinder = (BoundService.MyBinder) service;
mBoundService = myBinder.getService();
mServiceBound = true;
}
#Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
mServiceBound = false;
}
};
}
and BoundService class:
public class BoundService extends Service {
private IBinder mBinder = new MyBinder();
public int x;
#Override
public void onCreate() {
// super.onCreate();
Toast.makeText(this,"onCreate",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
#Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
Toast.makeText(this,"onBind",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return mBinder;
}
#Override
public void onRebind(Intent intent) {
Toast.makeText(this,"onRebind",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
super.onRebind(intent);
}
#Override
public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {
Toast.makeText(this,"UUUUnbind",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return true;
}
#Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
Toast.makeText(this,"onDestroy",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
public String shownum()
{
x++;
return String.valueOf(x);
}
public class MyBinder extends Binder {
BoundService getService() {
return BoundService.this;
}
}
}

Starting from Android 8 (Oreo) all Services that should stay alive when the App is closed should be started using startForegroundService() and should show a statusbar icon while running.
If you don't do that the Service is killed when the App is closed.
However you should see some log in Logcat regarding WHY the Service is killed.

How to find time of last reboot android?

I am attempting to find time of the last android reboot using service and broadcastreceiver. My "Broadcast" class should record the time immediately after the restart. In the "OnCreate" method a calculated time, but it does not work.
What am I doing wrong?
My "Server" class:
public class Server extends Service{
IBinder mBinder = new LocalBinder();
#Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return mBinder;
}
public class LocalBinder extends Binder {
public Server getServerInstance() {
return Server.this;
}
} }
My "Client" class:
public class Client extends Activity {
boolean mBounded;
Server mServer;
TextView text;
Button button;
Broadcast bc = new Broadcast();
#Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
text = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.text);
button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
Intent mIntent = new Intent(this, Server.class);
bindService(mIntent, mConnection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
text.setText(String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis() - bc.t));
}
});
}
#Override
protected void onStart() {
super.onStart();
Intent mIntent = new Intent(this, Server.class);
bindService(mIntent, mConnection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
Toast.makeText(Client.this, "Service is disconnected", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
mBounded = false;
mServer = null;
}
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
Toast.makeText(Client.this, "Service is connected", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
mBounded = true;
LocalBinder mLocalBinder = (LocalBinder)service;
mServer = mLocalBinder.getServerInstance();
}
};
#Override
protected void onStop() {
super.onStop();
if(mBounded) {
unbindService(mConnection);
mBounded = false;
}
}}
"Broadcast" class:
public class Broadcast extends BroadcastReceiver {
public long t;
#Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
t = System.currentTimeMillis();
Intent serviceLauncher = new Intent(context, Server.class);
context.startService(serviceLauncher);
}}
Manifest:
<receiver android:name="com.example.serv.Broadcast" android:enabled="true" android:exported="false">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
<service android:enabled="true" android:name=".Server"/>

What am I doing wrong?
Probably, not reading the docs enough?
There is a readily available API, SystemClock.uptimeMillis() which
Returns milliseconds since boot, not counting time spent in deep sleep.
You may also use SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() which
Returns milliseconds since boot, including time spent in sleep.

Google glass: Is there a way to start speech recognition from a UI service?

I have a glass app using LiveCards. As such, I don't explicitly have running activities, but just a background service that interacts with the LiveCard for information. At some point, I'd like to bring up a voice input. The problem is that the code samples tell you to use startActivityForResult, which isn't something I can do from within a service. So - is there a different way to bring this up, or can I not do this in my current configuration?

I was having this problem too, not with speech input but I needed to run an activity to get the information to display in a "low-frequency rendering" live card without the user bringing up a menu first. I think you could use an activity to get your text input then send it back to the service.
Most of the information on how to bind the service came from http://developer.android.com/guide/components/bound-services.html
MainService
This is the service that is started by "ok glass, ..." The layout just has a single TextView with the id text.
public class MainService extends Service {
private static final String LIVE_CARD_TAG = "my_card";
private final IBinder mBinder = new LocalBinder();
LiveCard mLiveCard;
TimelineManager mTimelineManager;
RemoteViews mViews;
#Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
mTimelineManager = TimelineManager.from(this);
}
public class LocalBinder extends Binder {
MainService getService() {
return MainService.this;
}
}
#Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return mBinder;
}
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
mLiveCard = mTimelineManager.createLiveCard(LIVE_CARD_TAG);
mViews = new RemoteViews(this.getPackageName(),R.layout.activity_main);
mLiveCard.setViews(mViews);
Intent mIntent = new Intent(this, MenuActivity.class);
mIntent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
mLiveCard.setAction(PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, mIntent, 0));
mLiveCard.publish(LiveCard.PublishMode.REVEAL);
new android.os.Handler().postDelayed(
new Runnable() {
public void run() {
// run the test activity after the initial text has displayed
Intent testIntent = new Intent(getBaseContext(), TestActivity.class);
testIntent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
getApplication().startActivity(testIntent);
}
}, 3000);
return START_STICKY;
}
public void updateText(String textString) {
mViews.setTextViewText(R.id.text,textString);
mLiveCard.setViews(mViews);
}
#Override
public void onDestroy() {
if (mLiveCard != null && mLiveCard.isPublished()) {
Log.d("debug", "Unpublishing LiveCard");
mLiveCard.unpublish();
mLiveCard = null;
}
super.onDestroy();
}
}
TestActivity
This is run after a delay from the MainService and updates the text on the live card automatically with no user input.
public class TestActivity extends Activity {
MainService mService;
boolean mBound = false;
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
}
#Override
protected void onStart() {
super.onStart();
Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainService.class);
bindService(intent, mConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
#Override
protected void onStop() {
super.onStop();
if (mBound) {
unbindService(mConnection);
mBound = false;
}
}
#Override
public void onResume() {
super.onResume();
new android.os.Handler().postDelayed(
new Runnable() {
public void run() {
// this crashes if run right away, so give it a little time
mService.updateText("Updated from TestActivity");
finish();
}
}, 500);
}
private ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
#Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className, IBinder service) {
LocalBinder binder = (LocalBinder) service;
mService = binder.getService();
mBound = true;
}
#Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName arg0) {
mBound = false;
}
};
}
MenuActivity
This is the activity that is set as the pending intent for the live card. It brings up a menu to exit or update the text when the touchpad is tapped.
public class MenuActivity extends Activity {
MainService mService;
boolean mBound = false;
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
}
#Override
protected void onStart() {
super.onStart();
Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainService.class);
bindService(intent, mConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
#Override
protected void onStop() {
super.onStop();
if (mBound) {
unbindService(mConnection);
mBound = false;
}
}
#Override
public void onResume() {
super.onResume();
openOptionsMenu();
}
#Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
MenuInflater inflater = getMenuInflater();
inflater.inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
return true;
}
#Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case R.id.stop:
stopService(new Intent(this, MainService.class));
return true;
case R.id.update:
mService.updateText("Updated from MenuActivity");
return true;
default:
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
}
#Override
public void onOptionsMenuClosed(Menu menu) {
finish();
}
private ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
#Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className, IBinder service) {
LocalBinder binder = (LocalBinder) service;
mService = binder.getService();
mBound = true;
}
#Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName arg0) {
mBound = false;
}
};
}

bindService not binding to service

So I have a bound service set up, but every time I call bindService() it never calls the onBind() method of my service and onServiceConnected() is never called. There is no error I can see, nothing is thrown.
private LoggingService mService;
private boolean mBound = false;
private boolean mLogging = false;
private ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
#Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className, IBinder service){
LocalBinder binder = (LocalBinder) service;
mService = binder.getService();
mBound = true;
}
#Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName arg0){
mBound = false;
}
};
...
#Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
if(!mBound){
Intent intent = new Intent(getActivity(), LoggingService.class);
getActivity().bindService(intent, mConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
}
I put breakpoints all over this. bindService() is definately called, but no matter how long I wait nothing in onServiceConnected() or anything in my service is called.
So when I get here, it throws a nullPointerException
logging.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
#Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if(mLogging){
Toast toast = Toast.makeText(getActivity(),
"Service stopping", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
toast.show();
mService.stopLogging();
mLogging = false;
} else {
Toast toast = Toast.makeText(getActivity(),
"Service Starting", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
toast.show();
mService.startLogging("dude.jsn");
mLogging = true;
}
}
});
Logging is a Button. No idea what I missed. This is being called from a fragment, but that shouldn't matter right? The context is still valid.
public class LoggingService extends Service {
public static final int LOG_INTERVAL = 500;
LocalBinder mBinder = new LocalBinder();
LoggingThread thread;
public class LocalBinder extends Binder {
LoggingService getService() {
return LoggingService.this;
}
}
...
#Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return mBinder;
}
}
Any help pointing out what I missed would be awesome.

How to delay onServiceConnected call

I'm implementing Service that establishes TCP connection with server and then allows clients to pass messages through this connection. Clients connect to service with bindService call. As a result onServiceConnected called in clients ServiceConnection object. The problem is that onServiceConnected called right after return from bindService, but my Service was not established connection with server at this moment. Can I somehow delay onServiceConnected call while connection was not established? If it is not possible please suggest some good pattern for my case. Thank you.

You should do it as follows:
Service code:
class MyService implements Service {
private boolean mIsConnectionEstablished = false;
// Binder given to clients
private final IBinder mBinder = new LocalBinder();
public class LocalBinder extends Binder {
public MyService getService() {
// Return this instance of LocalService so clients can call public
// methods
return MyService.this;
}
}
public interface OnConnectionEstablishedListener {
public void onConnectionEstablished();
}
private OnConnectionEstablishedListener mListener;
#Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
new Thread( new Runnable() {
#Override
void run() {
//Connect to the server here
notifyConnectionEstablished();
}
}).start();
}
#Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return mBinder;
}
private void notifyConnectionEstablished() {
mIsConnectionEstablished = true;
if(mListener != null) {
mListener.onConnectionEstablished();
}
}
public void setOnConnectionEstablishedListener(
OnConnectionEstablishedListener listener) {
mListener = listener
// Already connected to server. Notify immediately.
if(mIsConnectionEstablished) {
mListener.onConnectionEstablished();
}
}
}
Activity code:
class MyActivity extends Activity implements ServiceConnection,
OnConnectionEstablishedListener {
private MyService mService;
private boolean mBound;
#Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
//bind the service here
Intent intent = new Intent(this, MyService.class);
bindService(intent, this, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
#Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className, IBinder service) {
LocalBinder binder = (LocalBinder) service;
mService = binder.getService();
mBound = true;
mService.setOnConnectionEstablishedListener(this);
}
#Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName arg0) {
mBound = false;
}
#Override
public void onConnectionEstablished() {
// At this point the service has been bound and connected to the server
// Do stuff here
// Note: This method is called from a non-UI thread.
}
}