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Android run Gradle task after app install

need help with Gradle tasks. I need to run some "taskX" after an app was installed (after "installDebug" task). I've also tried to make the task like this:
task taskX(type: Exec, dependsOn: 'installDebug') {
commandLine 'sh', './myScript.sh'
}
but it didn't execute.
I actually can do this by Android Studio build configuration, but I also want to do this by Gradle wrapper.

Gradle Exec task running from command line build but not from Android build

I am attempting to execute a python script from a Gradle task of type Exec. My main build task has a dependency on this task. Let's for this example call my build task assembleProjectDebug. Let's simplify the example also to this:
tasks.create(name: newFooTask, type: Exec) {
commandLine "python", "doSomething.py"
}
tasks[assembleProjectDebug].dependsOn(newFooTask)
If I run ./gradlew assembleProjectDebug from a terminal, my python script executes and all is well in the world. However if I attempt to build from Android Studio with Build -> Make Project, my python script will not execute.
I can confirm as well that my currently selected build variant is set to projectDebug, and can also confirm that when building from Android Studio, :app:assembleProjectDebug appears in the log leading me to believe that assembleProjectDebug task is or will be executed (I could be wrong there).
For the sake of brevity I have also left out where I assign an environment variable in my task which points my $PATH variable to the location of my python exec.
Is there any reason why, outside of me messing up the assignment of a proper $PATH variable for the subprocess, that a command line build will execute this task, yet a build from within Android Studio will not execute this task?

It's likely you'll need to set the workingDir on the Exec task
Eg:
tasks.create(name: newFooTask, type: Exec) {
commandLine "python", "doSomething.py"
workingDir = projectDir
}

I found a solution to my problem. Building from within Android Studio, my task dependency was not being executed as it was when building from the command line. This was due to having Configure on Demand selected in Android Preferences -> Build, Execution, Deployment -> Compiler. Android Studio applies this setting by default. You can read more about Configure on Demand here:
Configure on Demand in Gradle

How to execute an Ant target task in build.gradle?

How can I get the task associated with an Ant target to execute from within the build.gradle file?
The part in build.gradle which imports the build.xml file:
def targetSdk = android.defaultConfig.targetSdkVersion.getApiLevel()
ant.properties['android.version'] = "android-$targetSdk"
ant.properties['sdk-location'] = SDK_DIR
ant.importBuild(rootDir.absolutePath + "/bcproj/build.xml")
The ant target I want to execute is named compile-android. It successfully runs at the command line with:
./gradlew compile-android
But I'd like to include this in build.gradle so I can specify which ant target needs compiling for each buildType. In all my googling, all I could find references for is getting it to compile at the command line.
Update 1
I've tried adding the compile-android task as a dependency to another task that gets executed along with the build process. Though conceptually the two are really independent of each other. This still failed in getting compile-android to execute.
task copyShopMetadata(type: Exec, dependsOn: 'compile-android') {
workingDir rootDir
commandLine './copy_shop_metadata.sh'
}
copyShopMetadata.execute()
I've tried reversing the dependency, still doesn't work.
Task t = tasks.findByName('compile-android')
t.dependsOn(copyShopMetadata)
copyShopMetadata.execute()
Update 2
I should note that adding the dependency examples above does work when executing from the command line. However my end goal here is to be able to hit "sync project with gradle files" in Android Studio and have the the compile-android ant target compile. Perhaps this just isn't possible?

Assuming your task is not intended to be independent of all other processing, you're going to want your task to be depended on by some other task, which means that when you try to run that other task, your task will be executed first. That task might be "build" for instance, so you might do something like this:
project.build.dependsOn("compile-android")
(I'm not certain of the exact syntax for this.)

Ok, looks like the problem was a misunderstanding on my part for what the "Sync Project with Gradle" button was doing. It is not the equivalent of executing a build from the command line. It's not until I actually hit the run button in Android Studio does it perform the compile-android task. As hitting the run button is what's equivalent to the command line.

Gradle task doesn't execute in Android Studio

I've tried to get a gradle task to execute for a lib module 'lib1' in an Android Studio project. It should run with command 'gradlew assembleDebug' or 'gradlew assemble' but it never runs.
task copy(type: Copy, dependsOn: ':lib1:assembleDebug') << {
println "copying"
}
I tried a simpler task with no dependency and it never seems to run either.
task hello << {
println 'hello world'
}
This runs but it's only in the configuration phase.
task hello {
println 'hello world'
}
I need to get a copy to work in the execution phase after the library module assembled. Any clues what to do?

You need to add your task to the task dependency graph somehow. Typically, by making an existing task depend on it. In this case, copy depends on assembleDebug, which simply means, if you run the copy task, assembleDebug must run first. This does not mean that running assembleDebug will cause copy to run. Add this to your build.
assemble.dependsOn copy
Now running gradlew assemble will cause the copy task to execute.
Your second task is correctly defined but again, no other task depends on it so it will only execute if you run it explicitly via gradlew hello or by adding a dependency as mentioned above.
Your third task prints a line during the configuration phase because that closure is evaluated only during that phase. It is the << operator that adds a doLast action which is run at execution time.

Running a script during build of android app

I wanted to now if it's possible to run a .jar program or another script when building an android application or if somebody could guide me to an example.
I would want to sort my strings.xml file when I build a release.
probably what I forgot to say that I'm using gradle.

You can define your own task of type Exec and make the assembleRelease task depends on it:
task executeScript(type:Exec) {
println 'Executing script...'
commandLine './script.sh'
}
gradle.projectsEvaluated {
assembleRelease.dependsOn executeScript
}

You can use ANT tools to build your application and use shell scripts to sort your strings.xml.