Develop Reference

The difference between `android:breadCrumbShortTitle` and `android:breadCrumbTitle`

While I'm reading the android.R.attr documentation, I found the breadCrumbTitle and breadCrumbShortTitle. What is the usage of these 2 attributes? Does android provide a breadCrumb view in platform base and if so what is it looks like? Why did these 2 attribute exist?

They're used in the PreferenceActivity:
sa.peekValue(com.android.internal.R.styleable.PreferenceHeader_breadCrumbTitle);
Specifically, they're set on PreferenceActivity.Header instances that are being pulled out of a preference_headers XML file:
tv = sa.peekValue(com.android.internal.R.styleable.PreferenceHeader_breadCrumbTitle);
if (tv != null && tv.type == TypedValue.TYPE_STRING) {
if (tv.resourceId != 0) {
header.breadCrumbTitleRes = tv.resourceId;
} else {
header.breadCrumbTitle = tv.string;
}
}
Unfortunately, there's very little documentation about what this feature does - where it shows up, how it's used on different API levels, etc. The official Settings guide doesn't even mention them.
There's also a concept of FragmentBreadCrumbs but that doesn't appear to use this attribute (and is even more sparsely documented!).
Edit: Looking further, it turns out that these features work in tandem! If the preference headers have breadcrumbs set, then those breadcrumbs are used in conjunction with the FragmentBreadCrumbs widget, assuming one exists with the id android.R.id.title, and we're in a multi-pane preferences page:
/**
* Change the base title of the bread crumbs for the current preferences.
* This will normally be called for you. See
* {#link android.app.FragmentBreadCrumbs} for more information.
*/
public void showBreadCrumbs(CharSequence title, CharSequence shortTitle) {
if (mFragmentBreadCrumbs == null) {
View crumbs = findViewById(android.R.id.title);
// For screens with a different kind of title, don't create breadcrumbs.
try {
mFragmentBreadCrumbs = (FragmentBreadCrumbs)crumbs;
} catch (ClassCastException e) {
setTitle(title);
return;
}
if (mFragmentBreadCrumbs == null) {
if (title != null) {
setTitle(title);
}
return;
}
if (mSinglePane) {
mFragmentBreadCrumbs.setVisibility(View.GONE);
// Hide the breadcrumb section completely for single-pane
View bcSection = findViewById(com.android.internal.R.id.breadcrumb_section);
if (bcSection != null) bcSection.setVisibility(View.GONE);
setTitle(title);
}
mFragmentBreadCrumbs.setMaxVisible(2);
mFragmentBreadCrumbs.setActivity(this);
}
if (mFragmentBreadCrumbs.getVisibility() != View.VISIBLE) {
setTitle(title);
} else {
mFragmentBreadCrumbs.setTitle(title, shortTitle);
mFragmentBreadCrumbs.setParentTitle(null, null, null);
}
}

Strange behavior - App suddenly producing ANR

I know it sounds strange/ridiculous, but I am having this issue
Update#2
I am sharing the code that is indicated by #EpicPandaForce.
SyncService.onNetworkSuccess
public void onNetworkCallSuccess(Response response) {
List<TransactionHistory> historyList = (List<TransactionHistory>) response.body();
if(historyList != null && historyList.size() > 0) {
TransactionHistory max = Collections.max(historyList, new Comparator<TransactionHistory>() {
#Override
public int compare(TransactionHistory o1, TransactionHistory o2) {
return o1.getUpdatedAt().compareTo(o2.getUpdatedAt());
}
});
if(max != null) {
session.putStringForKey(Session.timeStamp, String.valueOf(max.getUpdatedAt()));
}
for(TransactionHistory history : historyList) {
String id;
if(history.getTo().equals(history.getFrom()) ||
history.getFrom().equals(session.getStringForKey(Session.fpIdKey)))
id = history.getTo();
else id = history.getFrom();
LatestTransactionResponse latestTransactionResponse = new LatestTransactionResponse();
DateTransactionResponse dateTransactionResponse = new DateTransactionResponse(DateUtility.getDateFromEpoch(history.getEpoch()));
dateTransactionResponse.addTransaction(history);
latestTransactionResponse.setArchived(history.isArchived());
latestTransactionResponse.addTransaction(history);
latestTransactionResponse.setId(id);
dateTransactionResponse.setId(id);
LatestTransactionRepository.getInstance().addLatestTransaction(realm,
latestTransactionResponse);
ContactTransactionRepository.getInstance().addNewTransaction(realm, dateTransactionResponse, id);
}
try {
Activity temp = MyFirebaseMessagingService.getRunningActivity();
if(temp != null) {
if(temp instanceof MainActivity) {
((MainActivity) temp).refreshLatestTransactions();
} else if(temp instanceof TransactionDetailActivity) {
((TransactionDetailActivity) temp).refreshOnMainThread();
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
addNewTransaction
public void addNewTransaction(Realm realm, final DateTransactionResponse response, final String id) {
realm.executeTransaction(new Realm.Transaction() {
#Override
public void execute(Realm realm) {
List<TransactionHistory> tempHistoryList;
DateTransactionResponse temp = realm
.where(DateTransactionResponse.class)
.equalTo("id", id)
.equalTo("date", response.getDate())
.findFirst();
if(temp == null)
realm.insertOrUpdate(response);
else {
tempHistoryList = temp.getTransactions();
for(TransactionHistory history : response.getTransactions()) {
boolean found = false;
for(int i=0; i < tempHistoryList.size(); i++) {
if (history.getId().equals(tempHistoryList.get(i).getId())) {
if(history.getStatus().equals(tempHistoryList.get(i).getStatus())) {
found = true;
break;
} else {
tempHistoryList.get(i).setStatus(history.getStatus());
}
}
}
if(!found)
tempHistoryList.add(history);
}
//realm.insertOrUpdate(temp);
realm.copyToRealm(temp);
//DateTransactionResponse transactionResponse = temp;
//temp.deleteFromRealm();
//realm.insertOrUpdate(temp);
}
}
});
//removeDuplicateTransactions(realm);
}
removeDuplicateTransaction
private void removeDuplicateTransactions(Realm realm) {
realm.executeTransaction(new Realm.Transaction() {
#Override
public void execute(Realm realm) {
RealmQuery<DateTransactionResponse> query = realm.where(DateTransactionResponse.class);
RealmResults<DateTransactionResponse> results = query.findAll();
List<DateTransactionResponse> transactions = new ArrayList<>(results);
for(DateTransactionResponse response : transactions) {
List<TransactionHistory> historyList = response.getTransactions();
Set<TransactionHistory> historySet = new LinkedHashSet<>(historyList);
RealmList<TransactionHistory> histories = new RealmList<>();
histories.addAll(new ArrayList<>(historySet));
response.setTransactions(histories);
realm.copyToRealm(response);
}
}
});
}
Update#1
There are 3 tabs with RecyclerViews on my main screen. Below are the implementation of Adapter for all three.
I have been developing an App for quite a time. It has been working just fine and I occasionally work to improve its performance. It is still under development. Some days ago, I cut-out the branch and done nothing notable (just one or two bug fixes) and started testing it and OOPS it started giving ANR's. I revert back to previous branch and very strangely it started giving me the same result. I have removed all changes and tried, still the same result. I am not sure what's happening. I tried to study traces.txt, but couldn't find waiting to lock as suggested in this SO answer.
I have also difficulty reading traces, couldn't find the culprit. Here is the traces.txt file.
I am using Realm as Database in my application and couldn't find a way to perform operations on Realm on other thread. I tried to find any other culprit in code, but all is till the same as before which was working perfectly fine.
Hierarchy
Here is the App Hierarchy.
Login screen is shown and user enters PIN. Then comes the main screen. Main screen contains 4 tabs, just like WhatsApp i.e first tab is camera and rest contains RecyclerViews in which data is being populated from Realm. ANR is only happening here. Keeping in mind that it was literally perfect some days ago until I took branch out and fixed some bugs, which were not even related to the main screen.
Any help or direction is highly appreciated.

How can I use AccessibilityService to retrieve content of other apps running..?

I'm working in Accessibility Service. i need to get the app name using Accessibility Service. i have studied the documentation of the Accessibility Service in developer's of Android website. but there is no mention about getting the app name using Accessibility.
I also want to extract text from "TextViews" of the other apps(Activities) running in background. How i can do this..

I'm assuming you know how to implement an AccessibilityService.
Retrieving window content:
First register for TYPE_WINDOW_CONTENT_CHANGED events.
#Override
public void onAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent accessibilityEvent){
int eventType = accessibilityEvent.getEventType();
switch (eventType) {
case AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_WINDOW_CONTENT_CHANGED:
AccessibilityNodeInfo rootNode = getRootInActiveWindow();
ArrayList<AccessibilityNodeInfo> textViewNodes = new ArrayList<AccessibilityNodeInfo>();
findChildViews(rootNode);
for(AccessibilityNodeInfo mNode : textViewNodes){
if(mNode.getText()==null){
return;
}
String tv1Text = mNode.getText().toString();
//do whatever you want with the text content...
}
break;
}
}
Method findChildViews() :
private void findChildViews(AccessibilityNodeInfo parentView) {
if (parentView == null || parentView.getClassName() == null || ) {
return;
}
if (childCount == 0 && (parentView.getClassName().toString().contentEquals("android.widget.TextView"))) {
textViewNodes.add(parentView);
} else {
for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
findChildViews(parentView.getChild(i));
}
}
}
}
As far as i know, there's no assured way to get the app name, but you can try fetching the text content from the event object you get from TYPE_WINDOW_STATE_CHANGED events.
Try dumping accessibilityEvent.toString() & you'll know what i'm talking about.
Also, accessibilityEvent.getPackageName() is a simple way to get package name of that app; in case you find it useful!

previous answer is missing definition of childCount
int childCount = parentView.getChildCount();

Roman Nurik's Wizard pager - how to access collected data?

I am trying to make a wizard using Roman Nurik's library (https://plus.google.com/113735310430199015092/posts/6cVymZvn3f4).
I am having trouble accessing the collected data from the Review Fragment.
I made mCurrentReviewItems public in ReviewFragment and then I tried it like this
mNextButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
#Override
public void onClick(View view) {
if (mPager.getCurrentItem() == mCurrentPageSequence.size()) {
ReviewFragment reviewFragment = (ReviewFragment) mPagerAdapter.getItem(mPager.getCurrentItem());
for (ReviewItem item : reviewFragment.mCurrentReviewItems)
Log.d(MainActivity.TAG, "Item: " + item.getDisplayValue());
}
} else {
if (mEditingAfterReview) {
mPager.setCurrentItem(mPagerAdapter.getCount() - 1);
} else {
mPager.setCurrentItem(mPager.getCurrentItem() + 1);
}
}
}
});
However its always null.

Inside if (mPager.getCurrentItem() == mCurrentPageSequence.size()) { }
For single page variable:
String data = mWizardModel.findByKey("Sandwich:Bread").getData().getString(Page.SIMPLE_DATA_KEY);
For customized page:
String data =
mWizardModel.findByKey(THE_KEY).getData().getString(CustomerInfoPage.YOUR_DATA_KEY);
If you want to assign the data back to the wizard, put this at the end of onCreate in FragmentActivity:
Bundle data = new Bundle();
if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(DATA_STRING)) {
data.putString(Page.SIMPLE_DATA_KEY, DATA_STRING);
mWizardModel.findByKey("Sandwich:Bread"").resetData(data);
}
The key "Sandwich:Bread" is from the example, change whatever suit you. Never try the multi one, I think it is more or less the same.

Sorry for big delay, but I think that someone will found this info useful. I found a way to get all ReviewItems since you can have a lot of branches and you won't be able to use the first answer.
I'm pretty sure, that your mPagerAdapter::getItem code looked like in example (so it just returned new fragment, instead of returning current pager fragment). You have to use instantiateItem to get reference on your ReviewFragment.
Object o = mPager.getAdapter().instantiateItem(mPager, mPager.getCurrentItem());
if(o instanceof ReviewFragment) {
List<ReviewItem> items = ((ReviewFragment) o).getCurrentReviewItems();
if(items != null) {
Log.v(TAG, "Items are: " + items.toString());
}
}

This is my code #Anton_Shkurenko
mNextButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
#Override
public void onClick(View view) {
if (mPager.getCurrentItem() == mCurrentPageSequence.size()) {
Object o = mPager.getAdapter().instantiateItem(mPager, mPager.getCurrentItem());
if(o instanceof ReviewFragment) {
List<ReviewItem> items = ((ReviewFragment) o).getCurrentReviewItems();
if(items != null) {
Log.v(TAG, "Items are: " + items.toString());
}
}
}
}
});

The best solution is to include this library in your project as module, and implement your own method for getting review items in ReviewFragment.
public List<ReviewItem> getReviewItems() {
return mCurrentReviewItems;
}
I am not sure why developer did not add that. It's the most important thing in project. Choose items and DO something with them.

Anyone still looking for a solution for this issue you can use following code
ArrayList<ReviewItem> reviewItems = new ArrayList<ReviewItem>();
for (Page page : mWizardModel.getCurrentPageSequence()) {
page.getReviewItems(reviewItems);
}

Is it possible to find out if an Android application runs as part of an instrumentation test

Is there a runtime check for an application to find out if it runs as part of an instrumentation test?
Background: Our application performs a database sync when starting. But that should happen only when started regularly. It especially interferes with the instrumentation tests testing the db sync. Not surprisingly.
And with all the other tests it's just a waste of CPU cycles.

A much simpler solution is check for a class that would only be present in a test classpath, works with JUnit 4 (unlike the solution using ActivityUnitTestCase) and doesn't require to send custom intents to your Activities / Services (which might not even be possible in some cases)
private boolean isTesting() {
try {
Class.forName("com.company.SomeTestClass");
return true;
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
return false;
}
}

Since API Level 11, the ActivityManager.isRunningInTestHarness() method is available. This might do what you want.

If you are using Robolectric, you can do something like this:
public boolean isUnitTest() {
String device = Build.DEVICE;
String product = Build.PRODUCT;
if (device == null) {
device = "";
}
if (product == null) {
product = "";
}
return device.equals("robolectric") && product.equals("robolectric");
}

If you're using ActivityUnitTestCase, you could set a custom Application object with setApplication, and have a flag in there to switch database sync on or off? There's an example of using a custom Application object on my blog:
http://www.paulbutcher.com/2011/03/mock-objects-on-android-with-borachio-part-3/

You can pass an intent extra to your activity indicating it's under test.
1) In your test, pass "testMode" extra to your activity:
public void setUp() throws Exception {
super.setUp();
Intent activityIntent = new Intent();
activityIntent.putExtra("testMode", true);
setActivityIntent(activityIntent);
}
2) In your activity, check for testMode:
Bundle extras = getIntent().getExtras();
if (extras != null && extras.getBoolean("testMode")) {
// disable your database sync
}

d= (◕‿↼ ) Great answer, but if some library developer (like me) wants to know if the Host (or App using the library) is being tested, then try:
import android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo;
// ...
private static int wasTestRun = 0xDEAD;
/**
* Should only be used to speed up testing (no behavior change).
* #return true in tests, if Gradle has the right dependencies.
*/
public static boolean isTestRun(#NonNull Context context) {
if (wasTestRun != 0xDEAD) {
return wasTestRun != 0;
}
// Ignore release builds (as App may be using JUnit by mistake).
if (isDebuggable(context)) {
try {
Class.forName("org.junit.runner.Runner");
wasTestRun = 1;
return true;
} catch (ClassNotFoundException ignored) {
}
}
wasTestRun = 0;
return false;
}
public static boolean isDebuggable(#Nullable Context context) {
return context != null && (context.getApplicationContext()
.getApplicationInfo().flags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_DEBUGGABLE) != 0;
}
Note that I am not using any AtomicBoolean or other helpers, as it is already pretty fast (and locking may just bring the speed down).

You can try this
if (isRunningTest == null) {
isRunningTest = false;
StackTraceElement[] stackTrace = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace();
List<StackTraceElement> list = Arrays.asList(stackTrace);
for (StackTraceElement element : list) {
if (element.getClassName().startsWith("androidx.test.runner.MonitoringInstrumentation")) {
isRunningTest = true;
break;
}
}
}

This work for me because no actual device is running
public static boolean isUnitTest() {
return Build.BRAND.startsWith(Build.UNKNOWN) && Build.DEVICE.startsWith(Build.UNKNOWN) && Build.DEVICE.startsWith(Build.UNKNOWN) && Build.PRODUCT.startsWith(Build.UNKNOWN);
}