Develop Reference

What is the alternative packages for R(android) to HarmonyOs and Displaymetrics to harmonyOS and some constants?

what should I do with the constants which are causing some problem.?
import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_BLUETOOTH;
import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_DUMMY;
import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_ETHERNET;
import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE;
import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE_DUN;

If you are looking for an alternative API in harmonyos, you should check - Netcapabilities class from package ohos.net.NetCapabilities.
It has the following corresponding attributes -

The NetManager class and other related classes in the ohos.net package may be what you're looking for.
public final class NetManager
extends Object
It provides interfaces to manage and use data networks.
This class provides interfaces to activate and query data networks and bind NICs to processes, as well as callback interfaces to listen for status changes.
For more info, kindly check docs link.

How can I mock and test this class?

The follows was the code which I want to test.
public class Demo {
private static final List<Pair<String, String>> mList;
static {
mList = new ArrayList<>();
mList.add(new Pair<>("F0", "T1"));
mList.add(new Pair<>("F1", "T2"));
mList.add(new Pair<>("F2", "T3"));
}
public String getStr(int pos) {
return mList.get(pos).first;
}
}
I was an android developer. I have get some trouble in test and mock the code.I have use mockito.
I have try some code to test it,but the result was not my expect.
1.First try
#Test
public void test(){
Demo demo=new Demo();
assertEquals(demo.getStr(0),"F0");
/**
* java.lang.AssertionError:
* Expected :null
* Actual :F0
*/
}
2.Second try
#Test
public void test() {
Demo demo = mock(Demo.class);
doCallRealMethod().when(demo).getStr(0);
assertEquals(demo.getStr(0), "F0");
/**
* java.lang.AssertionError:
* Expected :null
* Actual :F0
*/
}
Anyone tell me how can I resolve this problem to make demo.getStr(0) == "F0" by call the real method? Thanks!
===========================
Another question relate to it
I have try an another test to test android.util.Pair class, and the result is that "pair.first" was null,.(There are androidTest and test directory,I put it into test package.Did it impact the result?)
import android.util.Pair;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
public class DemoTest {
#Test
public void test1(){
Pair<String,String> pair=new Pair("First","Second");
assertEquals("First",pair.first);
//pair.first was null,why?
}
#Test
public void test2(){
Pair<String,String> pair= Mockito.spy(Pair.class);
assertEquals("First",pair.first);
//pair.first was null also,why?
}
}
Why the simple code is correct in real android environment,but failure in test?

I had the same problem too. month ago I have problem with TextUtils class too.
I report this to jUnit but they told me the problem is with android package because in unit test environment you don't have access to platform specific classes
for that pair case you can use this package. this works for me
import android.support.v4.util.Pair;

The problem in your first try is, that the public field "first" is actually null.
Is the Pair class the one from the "javafx.util" package or a custom implementation?
Did you forget "this.first = first" or something similar in the constructor of the "Pair" class?
I would also recommend to change the following line:
assertEquals(demo.getStr(0),"F0");
to
assertEquals("F0", demo.getStr(0));
so that the error is printed correctly.
Your second try does not make any sense. What is the point in mocking the class you want to test?
I think the second example has the same problem as the first one. Pair.first is never set. If you fix that, it should also work (untested).

From Google's Android tools website:
"Method ... not mocked."
The android.jar file that is used to run unit tests does not contain any actual code - that is provided by the Android system image on real devices. Instead, all methods throw exceptions (by default). This is to make sure your unit tests only test your code and do not depend on any particular behaviour of the Android platform (that you have not explicitly mocked e.g. using Mockito).
So how can we solve this?
In other words. If you need a default android class to work properly you either have to include it from a separate repository, or implement it yourself.
In the case of Android's Pair class. You can use android.support.v4.util.Pair instead.
To get access to this class, you can include com.android.support:support-compat:27.0.0 in your build.gradle or dependencies file.
If you are not using Gradle, you can copy the implementation of this file and use it in place of the official one. Or you can try and download the .jar file from this older version https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.google.android/support-v4/r7 (I have not tested whether it works)

Another approach (based on this) is to create the class in app/src/test/java/android/util/Pair.java and copy the code from the Android implementation.
This way you don't need extra dependencies. (There may be issues related to the implementation changing after you make the copy, but the dependencies may become stale as well.)

Unit test SparseArray using JUnit (using JVM)

I have an implementation which is using a Integer as key in HashMap. It is already unit tested using JUnit. But I want to change it to SparseArray which is more optimised version from Android. I am not sure how will it be unit tested using JUnit. Does anyone have a better way to do this?

There's an equivalent implementation of SparseArray in Support Library called SparseArrayCompat that can be used in JVM Unit Tests. Also it has more features than the native one, so you're better off using that.

In case anyone is still looking, you don't need any third party libraries. You can simply mock SparseArray.
Create a file SparseArray.java inside app/src/test/java/android/util and paste the following:
package android.util;
import java.util.HashMap;
public class SparseArray<E> {
private HashMap<Integer, E> mHashMap;
public SparseArray() {
mHashMap = new HashMap<>();
}
public void put(int key, E value) {
mHashMap.put(key, value);
}
public E get(int key) {
return mHashMap.get(key);
}
}
Note: In case you are using funcations beside put and get you will need to implement those here as well.

Unmock is a really nice project that gives you this and more. https://github.com/bjoernQ/unmock-plugin
Just add the plugin and it will work.

Configuring tests with roboelectric framework may be simpler.
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner;
#RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner.class)
public class XxxTest {
...
}

how to import class of another package from different project in AIDL file?

I have a AIDL file that implemented in the package under ProjectA, and I am trying to import a Parcelable class (Foo) from another package under ProjectB. Below is the way how I implemented the MyService.AIDL file:
package com.packageA.projectA
import com.packageB.projectB.Foo
interface MyService{
void getSomething(Foo foo);
}
However, I get this compilation error "couldn't find import for class com.example.projectB.Foo". If I copied the packageB to packageA, then I will get no compilation error.
Is there a way to import parcelable class from package under different project? I know there're multiple questions on stackoverflow and elsewhere (like google group) about importing parcelable under the same project, but none from different projects. Thank you for your time.

You mean to say that you defined the class for the parcelable class and you are not able to use that class in the aidl ?
Try the below solution.
you have your MyService.AIDL in your src/xxx path.
Now create Foo.aidl (name should be same)in the same path and define that Foo.aidl as below.
package com.packageB.projectB
parcelable Foo
now remove the import statement from MyService.AIDL and re-type it (its for refreshing , else it will show same error)
now that import error must be gone.

I know this is old but I had the same problem and found the solution very ugly.
I had two classes defined in the package:
com.lni.codephg.inter
I had another class defined in the package
com.pcha.androidbtmanager
The actual AIDL interfaces were defined in the package
com.pcha.proprietary.handler
The client would be looking for remote services implementing methods in the package com.pcha.proprietary.handler.
So what did my AIDL file hierarchy have to look like to make this work?
src\main\aidl\com\lni\codephg\inter
MetricIntermediary.aidl
MdsIntermediary.aidl
src\main\aidl\com\pcha\androidbtmanager
PhdInformation.aidl
src\main\aidl\com\pcha\proprietary\handler
IConnectionCallback.aidl
IIntermediaryCallback.aidl
IProprietaryDeviceHandler.aidl
IStatusEventCallback.aidl
The 'one-liner' files defining the custom classes like MdsIntermediary.aidl look like this
// MdsIntermediary.aidl
package com.lni.codephg.inter;
parcelable MetricIntermediary;
I have to admit I do understand why these one-liner files must exist in such a weird form.
Then the interface AIDL files that reference them (for example IIntermediaryCallback.aidl) look like this
// IIntermediaryCallback.aidl
package com.pcha.proprietary.handler;
// Declare any non-default types here with import statements
import com.lni.codephg.inter.MdsIntermediary;
import com.lni.codephg.inter.MetricIntermediary;
interface IIntermediaryCallback
{
void onMdsIntermediary(in MdsIntermediary mds);
void onReceiveMetricIntermediaries (in List<MetricIntermediary> metricList, in
MdsIntermediary mds);
}
Of course I had to implement the Parcelable methods on the said custom classes. However, as ugly as that was, Android Studio seemed to do it for me. Since I know nothing about Parcelable I don't know if it is good enough or if I have to do some massaging.
This was painfully difficult. Hope this will save someone hours of frustration.

Android UiAutomator Testing

I have created a simple activity in which I have 2 buttons for submitting and cancel. I just want to test this project by using UI Automator testing. So I create an android test project and make a class. I make this test class extend UiAutomatorTestCase. I have also added uiautomator.jar, android.jar as well as the junit3 library. But when I run the test case, it gives me an error about
TestSuiteConstruction failed and java.lang.RuntimeException.
However I add constructor but as it does not take any parameter, so I am unable to add any paramater. Here is my test case code. Please solve this error as soon as possible. Can you please tell me anything that I have not added in my project?
package com.example.automatorapp.test;
import android.test.suitebuilder.TestSuiteBuilder;
import android.util.Log;
import com.android.uiautomator.core.UiObjectNotFoundException;
import com.android.uiautomator.testrunner.UiAutomatorTestCase;
import com.example.automatorapp.MainActivity;
public class testDemo1 extends UiAutomatorTestCase
{
public testDemo1()
{
}
public void testdemo() throws UiObjectNotFoundException
{
getUiDevice().pressHome();
Log.e("how r u","hello");
}
}

Try changing the name of your class so that is does not start with 'test' and remove the constructor. By convention, the name of a class starts with a Capital letter, yours starts with the lowercase 't'. Also, again by convention, JUnit3 test classes put the word 'Test' at the end. http://junit.sourceforge.net/junit3.8.1/javadoc/junit/framework/TestCase.html So in your example a class name of testdemo1 would be something line Demo1Test (remember the filename needs to match the classname).
However, and to my surprise, a slightly modified version of your code ran on my machine. Here's the code that ran OK.
package com.example.automatorapp.test;
import android.util.Log;
import com.android.uiautomator.core.UiObjectNotFoundException;
import com.android.uiautomator.testrunner.UiAutomatorTestCase;
public class testDemo1 extends UiAutomatorTestCase
{
public testDemo1()
{
}
public void testdemo() throws UiObjectNotFoundException
{
getUiDevice().pressHome();
Log.e("how r u","hello");
}
}
I got the Log message in the Android log too.
E/how r u (24667): hello
Therefore, you may have some issues with your project setup or build environment. As far as I know this project (for testing) should be independent of the code or project for the app you want to test. However you have an import to the app you want to test.
import com.example.automatorapp.MainActivity;
As you've now posted quite a few questions related to UI Automator perhaps you could summarise your progress so far. For example, have you ever got a UI Automator test to run successfully?
PS: I hoped to see some feedback to answers to your earlier questions. Without your feedback it's hard to know which way you're heading and whether the answers were relevant or useful to you.