Develop Reference

How to set alpha property to image not to text in Android Studio?

I use linearlayout to equally spread the space of view group. I set view group background as image and added alpha property to linearlayout. opacity is applied to all the views in view group.But I want alpha property should be applied to only background image not to textview.Is there any way to do this in linearlayout.
<LinearLayout
android:layout_height="300dp"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_below="#id/getCoffeeText"
android:background="#drawable/coffee"
android:layout_marginLeft="20sp"
android:layout_marginRight="20sp"
android:alpha="0.5"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:layout_marginTop="20sp"
android:orientation="vertical"
>
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="Order Coffee Here....!!!!"
android:textColor="#D50000"
android:textSize="20sp"
android:layout_marginLeft="60sp"/>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<Button
android:text="+"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:onClick="incrementCoffeeCount"
/>
<TextView
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:padding="45sp"
android:text="0"
android:textSize="20sp"
android:textColor="#D50000"
android:id="#+id/coffeeCount"
/>
<Button
android:text="-"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:onClick="decrementCoffeeCount"
/>
</LinearLayout>
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="Price"
android:textSize="25sp"
android:textColor="#D50000"
android:layout_marginLeft="130sp"/>
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="$0"
android:textSize="20sp"
android:textColor="#D50000"
android:layout_marginLeft="130sp"
android:id="#+id/price"/>
<Button
android:text="Order"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:layout_marginLeft="110sp"
android:onClick="submitOrder"/>
</LinearLayout>
I want to do this in linearlayout not in Relativelayout.Anyone please help me.Thanks in advance.

Try using FrameLayout like below code:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<ImageView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:alpha="0.5"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:background="#drawable/coffee" />
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="Hello World!"
android:textColor="#color/orange"
android:textSize="30sp" />
</LinearLayout>
</FrameLayout>

Layout_align not working

I am new to android studio and had earlier used layout_alignParentBottom="true" and other alignment commands which worked well.
I was even getting the recommendation comments that android studio gives if it recognises a command.
But Now I created a new project and Android_studio here the code
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="com.example.shaurya.courtcounter.MainActivity">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="368dp"
android:layout_height="495dp"
android:background="#ffdab9"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteX="8dp"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="8dp">
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="20dp"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="Team A"
android:textAppearance="?android:textAppearanceLarge" />
<TextView
android:id="#+id/team_a_score"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="0"
android:textAppearance="?android:textAppearanceMedium" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/threepoints"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:onClick="increment_three"
android:text="3 Points" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/twopoints"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:onClick="increment_two"
android:text="2 Points" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/onepoints"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:onClick="increment_one"
android:text="Free Throw" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:text="reset" />
</LinearLayout>
``
At the extreme end of the cde there is a button which I a trying to align but alignment is not working

align attributes you used:
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
dosen't belong to linear layout behaviors, it's belonging to RelativeLayout.
so if you need to reach center for reset button with linearLayout, use
android:layout_gravity="center|anygravityYouWant"
and android:gravity="center".
also you facing some issue with width and height for linearLayout, because you are using ConstraintLayout as parent Layout.

Simply use the Relative Layout as your Parent Layout-
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#ffdab9">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="20dp"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="Team A"
android:textAppearance="?android:textAppearanceLarge" />
<TextView
android:id="#+id/team_a_score"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="0"
android:textAppearance="?android:textAppearanceMedium" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/threepoints"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:onClick="increment_three"
android:text="3 Points" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/twopoints"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:onClick="increment_two"
android:text="2 Points" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/onepoints"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:onClick="increment_one"
android:text="Free Throw" />
</LinearLayout>
<Button
android:id="#+id/button"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"
android:text="reset" />
</RelativeLayout>

Why only one attribute in layout_gravity in my xml working

I want my reset button to be at bottom and horizontally centered, but layout_gravity is not working, only one of them is working.
I know it can be done by choosing RelativeLayout as my parent layout but I want to do it with LinearLayout as my parent layout.
I just want reset button as bottom and horizontally centered rest everything is fine.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context="com.example.android.courtcounter.MainActivity">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center_horizontal"
android:padding="4dp"
android:text="TEAM A" />
<TextView
android:id="#+id/team_a_score"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center_horizontal"
android:padding="4dp"
android:text="0" />
<Button
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="8dp"
android:onClick="button3"
android:text="+3" />
<Button
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="8dp"
android:onClick="button2"
android:text="+2" />
<Button
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="8dp"
android:onClick="button1"
android:text="Free Throw" />
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center_horizontal"
android:padding="4dp"
android:text="TEAM B" />
<TextView
android:id="#+id/team_b_score"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center_horizontal"
android:padding="4dp"
android:text="0" />
<Button
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="8dp"
android:onClick="button3_b"
android:text="+3" />
<Button
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="8dp"
android:onClick="button2_b"
android:text="+2" />
<Button
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="8dp"
android:onClick="button1_b"
android:text="Free Throw" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="bottom|center_horizontal"
android:onClick="resetButton"
android:padding="8dp"
android:text="RESET" />
</LinearLayout>

Use this instead if you don't want to go completely relative (inside the parent Linear Layout):
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal|bottom"
android:onClick="resetButton"
android:padding="8dp"
android:text="RESET"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />
</RelativeLayout>
or if you don't want to keep the reset button inside a relative layout, there doesn't seem to be a solution.
You can check this out as well: How to align views at the bottom of the screen?

Since the rest of your ViewGroups in that layout fill the parent's width, you could simply set the parent LinearLayout's gravity to center_horizontal and it should line up properly, without affecting the other children:
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:gravity="center_horizontal"
tools:context="com.example.android.courtcounter.MainActivity">
Edit: I didn't notice you also wanted it at the bottom... This can be achieved with an invisible weighted View between your content and the bottom:
...
<View
android:layout_width="1dip"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:layout_weight="1" />
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:onClick="resetButton"
android:padding="8dp"
android:text="RESET" />
</LinearLayout>
Edit 2: Removed layout_gravity on your button since it no longer applies.

layout_weight: Text is not displayed

I was trying to make an interface that allows horizontal texts to be equally space, using layout_weight for responsiveness
So, I tried the code below
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:gravity="center_vertical"
android:background="#android:color/darker_gray">
<TextView
android:gravity="center"
android:text="Guest List"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textSize="24sp"
android:background="#android:color/holo_blue_bright"/>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="#android:color/white">
<TextView
android:text="Kunal"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:textSize="24sp"/>
<TextView
android:text="Darling"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:textSize="24sp"/>
<TextView
android:text="Shocker"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:textSize="24sp"/>
</LinearLayout>
However, all the texts disappear.
So, could anyone please kindly explain to me what happened and how to fix this problem?

Try this,
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#android:color/darker_gray"
android:gravity="center_vertical"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="#android:color/holo_blue_bright"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="Guest List"
android:textSize="24sp" />
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="#android:color/white"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
<TextView
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="Kunal"
android:textSize="24sp" />
<TextView
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="Darling"
android:textSize="24sp" />
<TextView
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="Shocker"
android:textSize="24sp" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

Using a white background color in the second LinearLayout, you may be trying to see white on white text.
I'd try to add to the TextViews something along:
android:textColor="#android:color/black"

Put buttons at bottom of screen with LinearLayout?

I have the following code, how do I make it so that the 3 buttons are at the bottom?
<TextView
android:id="#+id/textView1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="60dp"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="#string/observer"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"
tools:context=".asdf"
android:weight="1" />
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<Button
android:id="#+id/button1"
style="?android:attr/buttonStyleSmall"
android:layout_width="145dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal|center"
android:text="1" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button2"
style="?android:attr/buttonStyleSmall"
android:layout_width="145dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal|center"
android:text="2" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button3"
style="?android:attr/buttonStyleSmall"
android:layout_width="145dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal|center"
android:text="3" />
</LinearLayout>

You need to ensure four things:
Your outside LinearLayout has layout_height="match_parent"
Your inside LinearLayout has layout_weight="1" and layout_height="0dp"
Your TextView has layout_weight="0"
You've set the gravity properly on your inner LinearLayout: android:gravity="center|bottom"
Notice that fill_parent does not mean "take up all available space". However, if you use layout_height="0dp" with layout_weight="1", then a view will take up all available space (Can't get proper layout with "fill_parent").
Here is some code I quickly wrote up that uses two LinearLayouts in a similar fashion to your code.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="#+id/db1_root"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<TextView
android:id="#+id/textView1"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="#string/cow"
android:layout_weight="0"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" />
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0dip"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:gravity="center|bottom"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<Button
android:id="#+id/button1"
style="?android:attr/buttonStyleSmall"
android:layout_width="145dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal|center"
android:text="1" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button2"
style="?android:attr/buttonStyleSmall"
android:layout_width="145dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal|center"
android:text="2" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button3"
style="?android:attr/buttonStyleSmall"
android:layout_width="145dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal|center"
android:text="3" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
The result looks like similar to this:

You can use a RelativeLayout and align it to the bottom with android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"

Create Relative layout and inside that layout create your button with this line
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"

You can do this by taking a Frame layout as parent Layout and then put linear layout inside it. Here is a example:
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:padding="5dp"
android:textSize="16sp"/>
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:padding="5dp"
android:textSize="16sp"
/>
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:padding="5dp"
android:textSize="16sp"/>
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:padding="5dp"
android:textSize="16sp"/>
</LinearLayout>
<Button
android:id="#+id/button2"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="10dp"
android:layout_gravity="bottom"
/>
</FrameLayout>

first create file name it as footer.xml
put this code inside it.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="78dp"
android:layout_gravity="bottom"
android:gravity="bottom"
android:layout_weight=".15"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:background="#drawable/actionbar_dark_background_tile" >
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/lborder"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight=".14"
android:background="#drawable/action_bar_left_button"
android:src="#drawable/overlay" />
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/unknown"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight=".14"
android:background="#drawable/action_bar_left_button"
android:src="#drawable/notcolor" />
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/open"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight=".14"
android:background="#drawable/action_bar_left_button"
android:src="#drawable/openit"
/>
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/color"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight=".14"
android:background="#drawable/action_bar_left_button"
android:src="#drawable/colored" />
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/rborder"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="#drawable/action_bar_left_button"
android:src="#drawable/frames"
android:layout_weight=".14" />
</LinearLayout>
then create header.xml and put this code inside it.:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="#dimen/action_bar_height"
android:layout_gravity="top"
android:baselineAligned="true"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:background="#drawable/actionbar_dark_background_tile" >
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/contact"
android:layout_width="37dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="start"
android:layout_weight=".18"
android:scaleType="fitCenter"
android:background="#drawable/action_bar_left_button"
android:src="#drawable/logo"/>
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/share"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="start"
android:layout_weight=".14"
android:background="#drawable/action_bar_left_button"
android:src="#drawable/share" />
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/save"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight=".14"
android:background="#drawable/action_bar_left_button"
android:src="#drawable/save" />
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/set"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight=".14"
android:background="#drawable/action_bar_left_button"
android:src="#drawable/set" />
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/fix"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight=".14"
android:background="#drawable/action_bar_left_button"
android:src="#drawable/light" />
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/rotate"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight=".14"
android:background="#drawable/action_bar_left_button"
android:src="#drawable/ic_menu_rotate" />
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/stock"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight=".14"
android:background="#drawable/action_bar_left_button"
android:src="#drawable/stock" />
</LinearLayout>
and then in your main_activity.xml and put this code inside it :-
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity"
android:id="#+id/relt"
android:background="#drawable/background" >
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="78dp"
android:id="#+id/down"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" >
<include
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="78dp"
layout="#layout/footer" >
</include>
</LinearLayout>
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/view"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_above="#+id/down"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:layout_below="#+id/inc"
>
</ImageView>
<include layout="#layout/header"
android:id="#+id/inc"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="50dp"></include>
happy coding :)

<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/LinearLayouts02"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:gravity="bottom|end">
<TextView
android:id="#+id/texts1"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_weight="2"
android:text="#string/forgotpass"
android:padding="7dp"
android:gravity="bottom|center_horizontal"
android:paddingLeft="10dp"
android:layout_marginBottom="30dp"
android:bottomLeftRadius="10dp"
android:bottomRightRadius="50dp"
android:fontFamily="sans-serif-condensed"
android:textColor="#color/colorAccent"
android:textStyle="bold"
android:textSize="16sp"
android:topLeftRadius="10dp"
android:topRightRadius="10dp"/>
</LinearLayout>

Just add layout_weight="1" to in your linearLayout which having Buttons.
Edit :- let me make it simple
follow something like below, tags name may not be correct, it is just an Idea
<LL>// Top Parrent LinearLayout
<LL1 height="fill_parent" weight="1" "other tags as requirement"> <TV /><Butons /></LL1> // this layout will fill your screen.
<LL2 height="wrap_content" weight="1" orientation="Horizontal" "other tags as requirement"> <BT1 /><BT2/ ></LL2> // this layout gonna take lower part of button height of your screen
<LL/> TOP PARENT CLOSED

You can bundle your Button(s) within a RelativeLayout even if your Parent Layout is Linear. Make Sure the outer most parent has android:layout_height attribute set to match_parent.
And in that Button tag add
'android:alignParentBottom="True" '

You can use the Space widget with layout_weight=1 to fill up the space between your widgets and the bottom buttons. See example:
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_margin="16dp"
android:orientation="vertical">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout
android:id="#+id/date_layout"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:hint="#string/date_hint">
<com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputEditText
android:id="#+id/date_input"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:focusable="false" />
</com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout>
<com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout
android:id="#+id/time_layout"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:hint="#string/time_hint">
<com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputEditText
android:id="#+id/time_input"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:focusable="false"
android:inputType="datetime" />
</com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout>
</LinearLayout>
<com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout
android:id="#+id/food_layout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
android:hint="#string/food_hint">
<com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputEditText
android:id="#+id/food_input"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:inputType="text" />
</com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout>
<com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout
android:id="#+id/calories_layout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
android:hint="#string/calories_hint">
<com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputEditText
android:id="#+id/calories_input"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:inputType="number" />
</com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout>
<Space
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/add_button"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="#string/add_button" />
</LinearLayout>

Add android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustPan" to manifest - to the corresponding activity:
<activity android:name="MyActivity"
...
android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustPan"
...
</activity>

In my case I was trying to put a complete Linear Layout at the bottom in Linear Layout. When I tried using the "layout_gravity" to bottom it was not working. So I changed the root layout to the Frame Layout and it worked perfectly.
So If you want to put a layout at bottom try using Frame Layout and put everything else inside a nested Linear or Relative Layout.