Develop Reference

How to change fragments in sidebar menu, android studio

When I try to switch my side fragments in the sidebar from one to another it stays fixated on message fragment. The highlight only changes between 2 fragments: forum and message.
My code:
package com.example.ius;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.ActionBarDrawerToggle;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.view.GravityCompat;
import androidx.drawerlayout.widget.DrawerLayout;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;
import androidx.appcompat.widget.Toolbar;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView;
import com.google.firebase.auth.FirebaseAuth;
public class MainPub extends AppCompatActivity implements NavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener {
private DrawerLayout drawer;
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main_pub);
drawer = findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
Toolbar toolbar = findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
setSupportActionBar(toolbar);
NavigationView navigationView = (NavigationView) findViewById(R.id.nav_view);
navigationView.setNavigationItemSelectedListener(this);
navigationView.setItemIconTintList(null);
ActionBarDrawerToggle toggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(this, drawer, toolbar, R.string.nav_draw_open, R.string.nav_draw_close);
drawer.addDrawerListener(toggle);
toggle.syncState();
if(savedInstanceState==null){
getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fragment_container, new MessageFragment()).commit();
navigationView.setCheckedItem(R.id.mainForum);}
}
#Override
public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(#NonNull MenuItem item) {
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case R.id.mainForum:
getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fragment_container, new MessageFragment()).commit();
break;
case R.id.messages:
getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fragment_container, new MessageFragment()).commit();
break;
case R.id.profile:
getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fragment_container, new MessageFragment()).commit();
break;
case R.id.share:
Toast.makeText(this, "I share se", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case R.id.support:
getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fragment_container, new MessageFragment()).commit();
break;
case R.id.logOut:
FirebaseAuth.getInstance().signOut();
startActivity(new Intent(this, MainActivity.class));
finish();
break;
}
drawer.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);
return true;
}
#Override
public void onBackPressed() {
if (drawer.isDrawerOpen(GravityCompat.START)) {
drawer.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);
} else {
super.onBackPressed();
}
}
}
The thing is only logout fragment works, while others don't open. Also, the side question is when I select fragments from the side I can only select Forum and Messaging, in which Forum doesn't change but only the sidebar highlights.
Thanks in advance for the help :)

I solved the problem by changing the fragment opening new code:
package com.example.ius;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.ActionBarDrawerToggle;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.view.GravityCompat;
import androidx.drawerlayout.widget.DrawerLayout;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;
import androidx.appcompat.widget.Toolbar;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager;
import com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView;
import com.google.firebase.auth.FirebaseAuth;
public class MainPub extends AppCompatActivity {
private DrawerLayout drawer;
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main_pub);
drawer = findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
Toolbar toolbar = findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
setSupportActionBar(toolbar);
NavigationView navigationView = (NavigationView) findViewById(R.id.nav_view);
//navigationView.setNavigationItemSelectedListener(this);
navigationView.setItemIconTintList(null);
ActionBarDrawerToggle toggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(this, drawer, toolbar, R.string.nav_draw_open, R.string.nav_draw_close);
drawer.addDrawerListener(toggle);
toggle.syncState();
//NOVO
setupDrawerContent(navigationView);
if (savedInstanceState == null) {
getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fragment_container, new ForumFragment()).commit();
navigationView.setCheckedItem(R.id.mainForum);
}
}
//NOVO
private void setupDrawerContent(NavigationView navigationView) {
navigationView.setNavigationItemSelectedListener(
new NavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener() {
#Override
public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(MenuItem menuItem) {
selectDrawerItem(menuItem);
return true;
}
});
}
Class fragmentClass;
public void selectDrawerItem(MenuItem menuItem) {
// Create a new fragment and specify the fragment to show based on nav item clicked
Fragment fragment = null;
switch (menuItem.getItemId()) {
case R.id.mainForum:
fragmentClass = ForumFragment.class;
break;
case R.id.messages:
fragmentClass = MessageFragment.class;
break;
case R.id.profile:
fragmentClass = ProfileFragment.class;
break;
case R.id.share:
Toast.makeText(this, "I share se", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case R.id.support:
fragmentClass = SupportFragment.class;
break;
default:
fragmentClass = ForumFragment.class;
}
try {
fragment = (Fragment) fragmentClass.newInstance();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// Insert the fragment by replacing any existing fragment
FragmentManager fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
fragmentManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fragment_container, fragment).commit();
// Highlight the selected item has been done by NavigationView
menuItem.setChecked(true);
// Set action bar title
setTitle(menuItem.getTitle());
// Close the navigation drawer
drawer.closeDrawers();
}
// ...
/* #Override
public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(#NonNull MenuItem item) {
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case R.id.mainForum:
getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fragment_container, new MessageFragment()).commit();
break;
case R.id.messages:
getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fragment_container, new MessageFragment()).commit();
break;
case R.id.profile:
getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fragment_container, new MessageFragment()).commit();
break;
case R.id.share:
Toast.makeText(this, "I share se", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case R.id.support:
getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fragment_container, new MessageFragment()).commit();
break;
case R.id.logOut:
FirebaseAuth.getInstance().signOut();
startActivity(new Intent(this, MainActivity.class));
finish();
break;
}
drawer.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);
return true;
}*/
#Override
public void onBackPressed() {
if (drawer.isDrawerOpen(GravityCompat.START)) {
drawer.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);
} else {
super.onBackPressed();
}
}
}

fragment is not redirecting in android

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.design.widget.FloatingActionButton;
import android.support.design.widget.Snackbar;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.view.View;
import android.support.design.widget.NavigationView;
import android.support.v4.view.GravityCompat;
import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarDrawerToggle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity
implements NavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener {
TextView textViewId, textViewUsername, textViewEmail, textViewGender;
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Toolbar toolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
setSupportActionBar(toolbar);
DrawerLayout drawer = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
ActionBarDrawerToggle toggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(
this, drawer, toolbar, R.string.navigation_drawer_open, R.string.navigation_drawer_close);
drawer.setDrawerListener(toggle);
toggle.syncState();
NavigationView navigationView = (NavigationView) findViewById(R.id.nav_view);
navigationView.setNavigationItemSelectedListener(this);
//add this line to display menu1 when the activity is loaded
//displaySelectedScreen(R.id.nav_menu1);
if (!SharedPrefManager.getInstance(this).isLoggedIn()) {
finish();
startActivity(new Intent(this, Login.class));
}
textViewId = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textViewId);
textViewUsername = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textViewUsername);
textViewEmail = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textViewEmail);
textViewGender = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textViewGender);
//getting the current user
User user = SharedPrefManager.getInstance(this).getUser();
//setting the values to the textviews
textViewId.setText(String.valueOf(user.getId()));
textViewUsername.setText(user.getUsername());
textViewEmail.setText(user.getEmail());
textViewGender.setText(user.getGender());
//when the user presses logout button
//calling the logout method
findViewById(R.id.buttonLogout).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
#Override
public void onClick(View view) {
finish();
SharedPrefManager.getInstance(getApplicationContext()).logout();
}
});
}
public void onBackPressed() {
DrawerLayout drawer = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
if (drawer.isDrawerOpen(GravityCompat.START)) {
drawer.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);
} else {
super.onBackPressed();
}
}
#Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
return true;
}
#Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
// Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
// automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
// as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
int id = item.getItemId();
//noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
return true;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
private void displaySelectedScreen(int itemId) {
//creating fragment object
Fragment fragment = null;
//initializing the fragment object which is selected
switch (itemId) {
case R.id.staff_link:
fragment = new Staff_layout();
break;
case R.id.student_link:
fragment = new Student_layout();
break;
case R.id.vehicle_link:
fragment = new Vehicle_layout();
break;
}
//replacing the fragment
if (fragment != null) {
FragmentTransaction ft = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
ft.replace(R.id.content_frame, fragment);
ft.commit();
}
DrawerLayout drawer = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
drawer.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);
}
#SuppressWarnings("StatementWithEmptyBody")
#Override
public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
//calling the method displayselectedscreen and passing the id of selected menu
displaySelectedScreen(item.getItemId());
//make this method blank
return true;
}
}
this is my MainActivity and when the item is clicked it is not redirecting and not showing any logcat errors this is my XML file
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
tools:showIn="navigation_view">
<group android:checkableBehavior="single">
<item
android:id="#+id/student_link"
android:title="Student Register" />
<item
android:id="#+id/staff_link"
android:title="Staff Register" />
<item
android:id="#+id/vehicle_link"
android:title="Vehicle Register" />
</group>
</menu>
it doesn't show any response even the item is clicked
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
public class Student_layout extends Fragment {
#Nullable
#Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, #Nullable ViewGroup container, #Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
//returning our layout file
//change R.layout.yourlayoutfilename for each of your fragments
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.student_layout, container, false);
}
#Override
public void onViewCreated(View view, #Nullable Bundle
savedInstanceState) {
super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
//you can set the title for your toolbar here for different
fragments different titles
getActivity().setTitle("Menu 1");
}
}
when the student item is clicked is not redirecting to student fragment layout
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"
android:text="student"
android:id="#+id/textView"
android:layout_centerVertical="true"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />
</RelativeLayout>
is there anything i should rectify or this doesnt work?

Switch fragment correctly, Your are declaring fragment in switch case but you are switching fragment outside the case:
You can use this code
Fragment mCurrentLoadedFragment;
android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager mFragmentManager, fm;
FragmentTransaction mFragmentTransaction;
and the method is
public void switchContent(Fragment fragment) {
mCurrentLoadedFragment = fragment;
mFragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
mFragmentTransaction = mFragmentManager.beginTransaction();
mFragmentTransaction.replace(R.id.container, mCurrentLoadedFragment);
mFragmentTransaction.commit();
}
and call like this,
if (id == R.id.nav_home) {
switchContent(new HomeFragment());
}

Android - Fragment to Main Layout

Good afternoon,
I was following a tutorial to create a drawer menu for Android.
As programmed, came to me the need for when I go into a Fragment Class, wanted on the menu when you press on the Home, back to the Home (MainActivity) and not for another class.
I leave here my code of this project.
MainActivity.java
package pt.projects.bpn.menudrawerproject;
import android.content.res.Configuration;
import android.support.design.widget.NavigationView;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager;
import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarDrawerToggle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;
import android.view.MenuItem;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private DrawerLayout mDrawer;
private Toolbar toolbar;
private NavigationView nvDrawer;
private ActionBarDrawerToggle drawerToggle;
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
toolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
setSupportActionBar(toolbar);
mDrawer = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
drawerToggle = setupDrawerToggle();
mDrawer.addDrawerListener(drawerToggle);
nvDrawer = (NavigationView) findViewById(R.id.nvView);
setupDrawerContent(nvDrawer);
}
#Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item){
if (drawerToggle.onOptionsItemSelected(item)) {
return true;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
#Override
protected void onPostCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
super.onPostCreate(savedInstanceState);
drawerToggle.syncState();
}
private ActionBarDrawerToggle setupDrawerToggle() {
return new ActionBarDrawerToggle(this, mDrawer, toolbar, R.string.drawer_open, R.string.drawer_close);
}
private void setupDrawerContent(NavigationView nvDrawer) {
nvDrawer.setNavigationItemSelectedListener(
new NavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener(){
#Override
public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(MenuItem menuItem){
selectDrawerItem(menuItem);
return true;
}
});
}
private void selectDrawerItem(MenuItem menuItem) {
Fragment fragment = null;
Class fragmentClass;
switch (menuItem.getItemId()){
case R.id.nav_home_fragment:
fragmentClass = null;
break;
case R.id.nav_first_fragment:
fragmentClass = FirstFragment.class;
break;
case R.id.nav_second_fragment:
fragmentClass = SecondFragment.class;
break;
case R.id.nav_third_fragment:
fragmentClass = ThirdFragment.class;
break;
default:
fragmentClass = FirstFragment.class;
}
if(fragmentClass != null) {
try {
fragment = (Fragment) fragmentClass.newInstance();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
FragmentManager fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
fragmentManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.flContent, fragment).commit();
}
else {
FragmentManager fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
for(int i = 0; i < fragmentManager.getFragments().size(); ++i) {
fragmentManager.popBackStack(null, FragmentManager.POP_BACK_STACK_INCLUSIVE);
}
}
menuItem.setChecked(true);
setTitle(menuItem.getTitle());
mDrawer.closeDrawers();
}
#Override
public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) {
super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
drawerToggle.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
}
}
Can you please clarify me how i can do that?
EDIT
I update the code for the tips from the comments bellow.
Now, the graphic layout take no changes.

Add google maps api v2 in a drawerlayout fragment

I have been trying to insert a map in a drawer layout with a fragment using Android Studio. I have already achieved to display a map, but I can't add markers to it. I wanted to know what am I doing wrong. And is there any other way to add a map to a drawer layout?
Here's my MainActivity:
package com.example.alex.testing_map;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.design.widget.NavigationView;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.support.v4.view.GravityCompat;
import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarDrawerToggle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
public class MapsActivity extends AppCompatActivity
implements NavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener {
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_maps);
Toolbar toolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
setSupportActionBar(toolbar);
DrawerLayout drawerLayout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
ActionBarDrawerToggle drawerToggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(
this, drawerLayout, toolbar, R.string.openDrawer, R.string.closeDrawer);
drawerLayout.setDrawerListener(drawerToggle);
drawerToggle.syncState();
Fragment fragment = new MapFragment();
FragmentTransaction ft = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
ft.replace(R.id.frame_content, fragment);
ft.commit();
NavigationView navigationView = (NavigationView) findViewById(R.id.nav_view);
navigationView.setNavigationItemSelectedListener(this);
}
#Override
public void onBackPressed() {
DrawerLayout drawerLayout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
if (drawerLayout.isDrawerOpen(GravityCompat.START)) {
drawerLayout.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);
} else {
super.onBackPressed();
}
}
#Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);
return true;
}
#Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item){
switch (item.getItemId()){
case R.id.add_item:
Intent intent = new Intent(this, AddMail.class);
this.startActivity(intent);
break;
default:
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
return true;
}
#SuppressWarnings("StatementWithEmptyBody")
#Override
public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
Fragment fragment = null;
switch (item.getItemId()){
case R.id.mapa:
fragment = new MapFragment();
FragmentTransaction ft1 = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
ft1.replace(R.id.frame_content, fragment);
ft1.commit();
break;
case R.id.help:
fragment = new Help();
FragmentTransaction ft2 = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
ft2.replace(R.id.frame_content, fragment);
ft2.commit();
break;
case R.id.about:
break;
default:
return true;
}
DrawerLayout drawerLayout = (DrawerLayout)findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
drawerLayout.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);
return true;
}
}
My MapFragment:
package com.example.alex.testing_map;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.CameraUpdateFactory;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.GoogleMap;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.OnMapReadyCallback;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.SupportMapFragment;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.model.LatLng;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.model.MarkerOptions;
public class MapFragment extends Fragment implements OnMapReadyCallback{
private GoogleMap mMap;
#Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup viewGroup, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.map_fragment, viewGroup, false);
return view;
}
#Override
public void onMapReady(GoogleMap googleMap) {
mMap = googleMap;
mMap.getUiSettings().setCompassEnabled(false);
mMap.getUiSettings().setIndoorLevelPickerEnabled(false);
mMap.getUiSettings().setMapToolbarEnabled(false);
mMap.getUiSettings().setRotateGesturesEnabled(false);
mMap.getUiSettings().setZoomControlsEnabled(false);
LatLng p1 = new LatLng(41.39355, 2.15473);
mMap.addMarker(new MarkerOptions().position(p1));
mMap.moveCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.newLatLngZoom(p1, 18));
}
}
With this everything runs well, but markers are not displayed. I've tried to add this (and all the variants I have found) to the MapFragment class, but it says "cannot resolve method 'getSupportFragmentManager' ":
SupportMapFragment mapFragment = (SupportMapFragment) getSupportFragmentManager()
.findFragmentById(R.id.map);
mapFragment.getMapAsync(this);
My xml file:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_width="match_parent">
<fragment xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:map="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="#+id/map"
android:name="com.google.android.gms.maps.SupportMapFragment"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="513dp"
tools:context="com.example.alex.testing_map.MapsActivity"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentStart="true"/>
</RelativeLayout>

I found a solution!! I've followed the answer given by Boss here: Trying to put a map in a fragment activity
I've only changed a little thing. Instead of adding the fragment in the transaction, I have replaced it (in the MapFragment.java), and then in the onCreate in the MainActivity I've added the fragment instead of replacing it.
In the MainActivity (inside the onCreate):
Fragment fragment = new MapFragment();
FragmentTransaction ft = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
ft.add(R.id.frame_content, fragment);
ft.commit();

fragment text appearing in toolbar

I'm trying to get a sliding drawer set up. I want the text to appear in the main body of the activity, but instead it's appearing inside of the toolbar, and it only says This is fragment 2, regardless of whether I pulled up the fragment that's supposed to say This is fragment 1 or This is fragment 2.
How can I make it pull up the proper fragment, instead of always fragment 2, and how can I make the toolbar opaque, with text appearing under it instead of in it.
activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:id="#+id/drawer_layout"
tools:context="me.paxana.alerta.MainActivity">
<android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar
android:id="#+id/toolbar"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="8dp"
android:minHeight="?attr/actionBarSize"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
app:popupTheme="#style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Light"/>
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:id="#+id/main_content"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true">
</RelativeLayout>
<ListView
android:layout_width="200dp"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:id="#+id/lv_sliding_menu"
android:background="#FFFFFF"
android:choiceMode="singleChoice"
android:layout_gravity="start" />
</android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout>
MainActivity.java
package me.paxana.alerta;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBar;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarDrawerToggle;
import android.app.Fragment;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.MenuInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.RelativeLayout;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;
import com.parse.ParseUser;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import butterknife.Bind;
import butterknife.ButterKnife;
import me.paxana.alerta.adapter.SlidingMenuAdapter;
import me.paxana.alerta.fragment.Fragment1;
import me.paxana.alerta.fragment.Fragment2;
import me.paxana.alerta.fragment.Fragment3;
import me.paxana.alerta.model.ItemSlideMenu;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
public static final String TAG = MainActivity.class.getSimpleName();
private List<ItemSlideMenu> listSliding;
private SlidingMenuAdapter adapter;
private ListView listViewSliding;
private DrawerLayout drawerLayout;
private android.support.v7.app.ActionBarDrawerToggle actionBarDrawerToggle;
private Toolbar mToolbar;
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
ButterKnife.bind(this);
ParseUser currentUser = ParseUser.getCurrentUser();
if (currentUser == null) {
navigateToLogin();
}
else {
Log.i(TAG, currentUser.getUsername());
}
listViewSliding = (ListView)findViewById(R.id.lv_sliding_menu);
drawerLayout = (DrawerLayout)findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
listSliding = new ArrayList<>();
//add item for sliding list
listSliding. add(new ItemSlideMenu(R.drawable.ic_action_settings, "Settings"));
listSliding.add(new ItemSlideMenu(R.drawable.ic_action_about, "About"));
listSliding.add(new ItemSlideMenu(R.drawable.ic_logout_black_48dp, "Log Out"));
adapter = new SlidingMenuAdapter(this, listSliding);
listViewSliding.setAdapter(adapter);
//display icon to open/close slider
mToolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
setSupportActionBar(mToolbar);
assert getSupportActionBar() != null;
getSupportActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);
//item selected
listViewSliding.setItemChecked(0, true);
//close menu
drawerLayout.closeDrawer(listViewSliding);
//handle on item click
listViewSliding.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
#Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
if (position == 2) {
ParseUser.logOut();
navigateToLogin();
} else {
//replace fragment
replaceFragment(position);
//item selected
listViewSliding.setItemChecked(position, true);
//close menu
drawerLayout.closeDrawer(listViewSliding);
}
}
});
actionBarDrawerToggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(this, drawerLayout, R.string.drawer_opened, R.string.drawer_closed) {
#Override
public void onDrawerOpened(View drawerView) {
super.onDrawerOpened(drawerView);
invalidateOptionsMenu();
}
#Override
public void onDrawerClosed(View drawerView) {
super.onDrawerClosed(drawerView);
invalidateOptionsMenu();
}
};
drawerLayout.setDrawerListener(actionBarDrawerToggle);
}
private void navigateToLogin() {
Intent intent = new Intent(this, LoginActivity.class);
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK);
startActivity(intent);
}
#Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
MenuInflater inflater = getMenuInflater();
inflater.inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);
return true;
}
#Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
if(actionBarDrawerToggle.onOptionsItemSelected(item)) {
return true;
}
int itemId = item.getItemId();
if (itemId == R.id.action_logout) {
ParseUser.logOut();
navigateToLogin();
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
#Override
protected void onPostCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onPostCreate(savedInstanceState);
actionBarDrawerToggle.syncState();
}
//create method replace fragment
private void replaceFragment(int pos) {
android.support.v4.app.Fragment fragment = null;
switch (pos) {
case 0:
fragment = new Fragment1();
break;
case 1:
fragment = new Fragment2();
break;
case 2:
fragment = new Fragment3();
break;
default:
fragment = new Fragment1();
break;
}
if(null != fragment) {
android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
android.support.v4.app.FragmentTransaction transaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
transaction.replace(R.id.main_content, fragment);
transaction.addToBackStack(null);
transaction.commit();
}
}
}

I solved one part of this issue, though I'm not certain I used best practices. I added padding to the top of main_content in a size of "?attr/actionBarSize"
But it's still only displaying This is Fragment 2, regardless of which fragment I'm trying to select.

If you want the content below the toolbar, you can wrap toolbar and content in one layout as:
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
>
<android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar
android:id="#+id/toolbar"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="?attr/actionBarSize"
android:minHeight="?attr/actionBarSize"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
app:popupTheme="#style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Light"
/>
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:id="#+id/main_content"
android:background="#8000ff00"
>
</RelativeLayout>
</LinearLayout>
Besides, if you are using Android Studio, creating Navigation Drawer Activity through the wizard is the best way to ensure that everything works properly.