Using an Android device I connect to the Theta camera to shoot 360 photos. Till API level 28, our existing code works fine, but with the new API 29, wifi(hotspot) connection functions are deprecated and with the new NetworkSpecifier function, I can connect to the device; but I can't not make any API request to the Theta camera.
Like GET http://192.168.1.1/osc/info request always fail, even in mobile web-browser.
Error Message:
Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: failed to connect to /192.168.1.1 (port 80) from /:: (port 0) after 10000ms: connect failed: ENETUNREACH (Network is unreachable)
Here is my code snap to connect to the Theta camera.
final WifiNetworkSpecifier specifier = new WifiNetworkSpecifier.Builder()
//.setSsidPattern(new PatternMatcher(ssid, PatternMatcher.PATTERN_PREFIX))
.setSsid(ssid)
.setWpa2Passphrase(passPhrase)
.setBssid(MacAddress.fromString(i.BSSID))
.build();
final NetworkRequest request = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
.addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI)
.removeCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)
.setNetworkSpecifier(specifier)
.build();
final ConnectivityManager connectivityManager = (ConnectivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
final ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback networkCallback = new ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback() {
#Override
public void onAvailable(#NonNull android.net.Network network) {super.onAvailable(network);}
#Override
public void onUnavailable() { super.onUnavailable();}
#Override
public void onLost(#NonNull android.net.Network network) { super.onLost(network);}
};
//connectivityManager.registerNetworkCallback(request, networkCallback);
connectivityManager.requestNetwork(request, networkCallback);
As I said, i can connect to the Theta camera and my Android device wifi connection shows, 'Connected via MyApp'. But the API's to communicate with the device always fail. NOW, if I manually connect the device by going into my device wifi settings and select the Theta camera.
I was able to figure out the issue and solve the problem. I need to bind the new network(Theta Camera) for all the outgoing traffic. It’s not mentioned in Android developer forum. So on network availability we need to do that.
below is the code -
private ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback networkCallback = new ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback() {
#Override
public void onAvailable(#NonNull android.net.Network network) {
super.onAvailable(network);
connectivityManager.bindProcessToNetwork(network);
Timber.d("++++++ network connected - %s", network.toString());
}};
I had this function to connect in Wifi network, below Android 10 it works fine, but when I tried on Android 10, I had a successful connection but WITHOUT internet, I knew it's a bug in Android 10 but I found this application which can connect to wifi from Android 10 with no problem.
I'm blocked for days.
My function :
private void connectToWifi(String ssid, String password)
{
WifiManager wifiManager = (WifiManager) getSystemService(WIFI_SERVICE);
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
try {
Log.e(TAG,"connection wifi pre Q");
WifiConfiguration wifiConfig = new WifiConfiguration();
wifiConfig.SSID = "\"" + ssid + "\"";
wifiConfig.preSharedKey = "\"" + password + "\"";
int netId = wifiManager.addNetwork(wifiConfig);
wifiManager.disconnect();
wifiManager.enableNetwork(netId, true);
wifiManager.reconnect();
} catch ( Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} else {
Log.e(TAG,"connection wifi Q");
WifiNetworkSpecifier wifiNetworkSpecifier = new WifiNetworkSpecifier.Builder()
.setSsid( ssid )
.setWpa2Passphrase(password)
.build();
NetworkRequest networkRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
.addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI)
.setNetworkSpecifier(wifiNetworkSpecifier)
.build();
connectivityManager = (ConnectivityManager) getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
networkCallback = new ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback() {
#Override
public void onAvailable(Network network) {
super.onAvailable(network);
connectivityManager.bindProcessToNetwork(network);
Log.e(TAG,"onAvailable");
}
#Override
public void onLosing(#NonNull Network network, int maxMsToLive) {
super.onLosing(network, maxMsToLive);
Log.e(TAG,"onLosing");
}
#Override
public void onLost(Network network) {
super.onLost(network);
Log.e(TAG, "losing active connection");
}
#Override
public void onUnavailable() {
super.onUnavailable();
Log.e(TAG,"onUnavailable");
}
};
connectivityManager.requestNetwork(networkRequest,networkCallback);
}
}
So far what is working for me on the majority of devices I have tested with, with a fallback option to at least stop the dreaded 'looping request' and to allow a successful manual connection
The below code is written in Kotlin, please google how to covert to Java if needed.
Create a NetworkCallback which is required for API >= 29 (prior it was not required but could be used)
val networkCallback = object : ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback() {
override fun onAvailable(network: Network) {
super.onAvailable(network)
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
// To make sure that requests don't go over mobile data
connectivityManager.bindProcessToNetwork(network)
} else {
connectivityManager.setProcessDefaultNetwork(network)
}
}
override fun onLost(network: Network) {
super.onLost(network)
// This is to stop the looping request for OnePlus & Xiaomi models
connectivityManager.bindProcessToNetwork(null)
connectivityManager.unregisterNetworkCallback(networkCallback)
// Here you can have a fallback option to show a 'Please connect manually' page with an Intent to the Wifi settings
}
}
Connect to a network as follows:
val wifiNetworkSpecifier = WifiNetworkSpecifier.Builder()
.setSsid(ssid)
.setWpa2Passphrase(pass)
.build()
val networkRequest = NetworkRequest.Builder()
.addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI)
// Add the below 2 lines if the network should have internet capabilities.
// Adding/removing other capabilities has made no known difference so far
// .addCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)
// .addCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED)
.setNetworkSpecifier(wifiNetworkSpecifier)
.build()
connectivityManager.requestNetwork(networkRequest, networkCallback)
As stated here by Google, some OEM Roms are not 'holding on to the request' and therefore the connection is dropping instantly. OnePlus have fixed this problem in some of their later models but not all. This bug will continuously exist for certain phone models on certain Android builds, therefore a successful fallback (i.e. a manual connection with no network disruption) is required. No known workaround is available, but if found I will update it here as an option.
To remove the network, do the following:
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
//This is required for Xiaomi models for disconnecting
connectivityManager.bindProcessToNetwork(null)
} else {
connectivityManager.setProcessDefaultNetwork(null)
}
connectivityManager.unregisterNetworkCallback(it)
Please keep in mind, an automatic connection allows for an automatic & manual disconnection. A manual connection (such as the suggested fallback for OnePlus devices) does not allow an automatic disconnection. This will also need to be handled within the app for a better UX design when it comes to IoT devices.
Some extra small tips & info:
now that a system dialog opens, the app calls onPause and onResume respectively. This affected my logic regarding automatic connection to IoT devices. In some case, onResume is called before the network callback is finished.
In regards to tests, I have yet to be able to get around the dialog by just using espresso and it may block some tests that were working before API 29. It may be possible using other frameworks such as uiautomator. In my case I adjusted the tests to work up until the dialog shows, and run further tests thereafter.
Using Intents.init() does not work.
onUnavailable is called when the the network has been found, but the user cancels. It is not called when the network was not found or if the user cancels the dialog before the network has been found, in this case no other methods are called, use onResume to catch it.
when it fails on the OnePlus it called onAvailable() -> onCapabilitiesChanged() -> onBlockedStatusChanged (blocked: false) -> onCapabilitiesChanged() -> onLost() respectively
removeCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET) wont help keep the connection on a OnePlus as stated here
setting the Bssid wont help keep the connection on a OnePlus as stated here
google cannot help, they have stated it is out of their hands here
OnePlus forum posts confirming it working for some models (but not all) after an update, see here, here & here
when GPS is switched off, the SSID names of networks are not available
if the dialog comes several times, check your own activity lifecycle, in my case some models were calling onResume before the network callback was received.
manually connecting to a network without internet capabilities needs user confirmation to keep the connection (sometimes in the form of a dialog or as a notification), if ignored, the system will disconnect from the network shortly afterwards
List of devices tested:
Google Pixel 2 - No issues found
Samsung S10 SM-G970F - No issues found
Samsung S9 SM-G960F - No issues found
One Plus A5000 (OxegenOS 10.0.1) - Major Issue with automatic connection
HTC One M8 (LineageOS 17.1) - No issues found
Xiaomi Mi Note 10 - Issue with disconnecting (Fixed, see code example)
Samsung A50 - Dialog repetitively appears after successful connection (sometimes)
Huawei Mate Pro 20 - Dialog repetitively appears after successful connection (sometimes)
Huawei P40 Lite - Doesn't call onLost()
CAT S62 Pro - No issues found
Sony Xperia SZ2 - No issues found
Samsung Note10 - No issues found
In case if you want to connect to WiFi with INTERNET, you should use this kind of NetworkRequest:
NetworkRequest request = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
.addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI)
.setNetworkSpecifier(wifiNetworkSpecifier)
.addCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)
.addCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED)
.build();
Also, you need specify default route for your process to make requests to connected WiFi AP permanently. Just add call of next method to your NetworkCallback under onAvaliable like this:
networkCallback = new ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback() {
#Override
public void onAvailable(Network network) {
createNetworkRoute(network, connectivityManager);
}
};
if (connectivityManager!= null) connectivityManager.requestNetwork(request, networkCallback);
.
#RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
private static void createNetworkRoute(Network network, ConnectivityManager connectivityManager) {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
connectivityManager.bindProcessToNetwork(network);
} else {
ConnectivityManager.setProcessDefaultNetwork(network);
}
}
Don't forget disconnect from the bound network:
connectivityManager.unregisterNetworkCallback(networkCallback);
Finally, you can find best practice in different libraries like WifiUtils.
You can try wifisuggestion api, I'm able to connect using them.
final WifiNetworkSuggestion suggestion1 =
new WifiNetworkSuggestion.Builder()
.setSsid("YOUR_SSID")
.setWpa2Passphrase("YOUR_PRE_SHARED_KEY")
.build();
final List<WifiNetworkSuggestion> suggestionsList =
new ArrayList<WifiNetworkSuggestion>();
suggestionsList.add(suggestion1);
WifiManager wifiManager =
(WifiManager) getApplicationContext().getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
int status = wifiManager.addNetworkSuggestions(suggestionsList);
if (status == 0 ){
Toast.makeText(this,"PSK network added",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
Log.i(TAG, "PSK network added: "+status);
}else {
Toast.makeText(this,"PSK network not added",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
Log.i(TAG, "PSK network not added: "+status);
}
Since Android 10, I've have to use the following code to connect to a specific wifi network.
private ConnectivityManager mConnectivityManager;
#Override
public void onCreate(#Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState){
// instantiate the connectivity manager
mConnectivityManager = (ConnectivityManager) this.getApplicationContext().getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
}
public void connect(String ssid, String password) {
NetworkSpecifier networkSpecifier = new WifiNetworkSpecifier.Builder()
.setSsid(ssid)
.setWpa2Passphrase(password)
.setIsHiddenSsid(true) //specify if the network does not broadcast itself and OS must perform a forced scan in order to connect
.build();
NetworkRequest networkRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
.addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI)
.setNetworkSpecifier(networkSpecifier)
.build();
mConnectivityManager.requestNetwork(networkRequest, mNetworkCallback);
}
public void disconnectFromNetwork(){
//Unregistering network callback instance supplied to requestNetwork call disconnects phone from the connected network
mConnectivityManager.unregisterNetworkCallback(mNetworkCallback);
}
private ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback mNetworkCallback = new ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback(){
#Override
public void onAvailable(#NonNull Network network) {
super.onAvailable(network);
//phone is connected to wifi network
}
#Override
public void onLosing(#NonNull Network network, int maxMsToLive) {
super.onLosing(network, maxMsToLive);
//phone is about to lose connection to network
}
#Override
public void onLost(#NonNull Network network) {
super.onLost(network);
//phone lost connection to network
}
#Override
public void onUnavailable() {
super.onUnavailable();
//user cancelled wifi connection
}
};
References:
https://anutoshdatta.medium.com/new-wifi-apis-on-android-10-481c525108b7
https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/connectivity/wifi-suggest
I was also facing the same issue, even after 3 months I was unable to solve this. But I have found one awesome and cool solution.
startActivity(new Intent("android.settings.panel.action.INTERNET_CONNECTIVITY"))
Just add these lines instead of connecting to the wifi from the app, this will prompt user to select a wifi and connect and as soon as user do it, it will connect to the wifi and also it will have internet also.
Just connecting to the wifi from the app will not access the internet. Do this, this is the best solution.
So, the solution for me is compile your app with targetSdkVersion 28.
and for connection to wifi use this function
connectToWifi(String ssid, String key)
it's just a workaround for the moment, waiting Google to publish a fix for this bug, for more information the issue reported to Google : issuetracker.google.com/issues/138335744
public void connectToWifi(String ssid, String key) {
Log.e(TAG, "connection wifi pre Q");
WifiConfiguration wifiConfig = new WifiConfiguration();
wifiConfig.SSID = "\"" + ssid + "\"";
wifiConfig.preSharedKey = "\"" + key + "\"";
int netId = wifiManager.addNetwork(wifiConfig);
if (netId == -1) netId = getExistingNetworkId(wifiConfig.SSID);
wifiManager.disconnect();
wifiManager.enableNetwork(netId, true);
wifiManager.reconnect();
}
If you have root access (adb root):
Manually connect to the Wifi Network of your choosing.
Pull these ADB files:
adb pull /data/misc/wifi/WifiConfigStore.xml
adb pull /data/misc/wifi/WifiConfigStore.xml.encrypted-checksum
Save in a folder that would designate the Wifi Network:
Ex: GarageWifi
Ex: BusinessWifi
Copy to location of your choosing. Don't change the names of the files you pulled.
Whenever you want to connect to a desired wifi network:
adb push <location>\WifiConfigStore.xml /data/misc/wifi/
adb push <location>\WifiConfigStore.xml.encrypted-checksum /data/misc/wifi/
adb reboot
I am working in Android marshmallow api's which enables user to work on both LTE and WiFi .(i.e) we can force our application to use LTE using hipri network even when the wifi is turned ON by setting network type.
I checked this link: Send request over Mobile data when WIFI is ON.(Android L)
builder.addCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET);
builder.addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
mNetworkCallback =
new NetworkCallback() {
#Override
public void onAvailable(Network network) {
super.onAvailable(network);
Log.d(TAG, "activate(): onAvailable(): " + network);
myConnManager.bindProcessToNetwork(network);
myCallback.networkStateChanged(State.CONNECTED);
}
#Override
public void onLosing(Network network, int maxMsToLive) {
super.onLosing(network, maxMsToLive);
Log.d(TAG, "activate(): onLosing(): ms to live: " + maxMsToLive);
myCallback.networkStateChanged(State.DISCONNECTING);
}
#Override
public void onLost(Network network) {
super.onLost(network);
Log.d(TAG, "activate(): onLost(): " + network);
myConnManager.bindProcessToNetwork(null);
myCallback.networkStateChanged(State.DISCONNECTED);
}
};
Now I am working on getting the IP address of both the connected WiFi network and LTE network. I am not sure how to retrieve the IP address of both connected networks in parallel.
Any help here would be appreciable.
Here is how you may get the InetAddress out of a Network network object:
ConnectivityManager manager = getSystemService(ConnectivityManager.class);
LinkProperties prop = manager.getLinkProperties(network);
InetAddress addr = prop.getLinkAddresses().get(0).getAddress();
In your case, you may use this in any of the NetworkCallback methods, you'll get the IP address of your mobile data connection (altough I suspect it only make sense in onAvailable()). In API 23, you may use getActiveNetwork() to get a Network object corresponding to the "currently active default data network", that should be Wi-Fi (however, legacy means to get the IP address should also point to this one).
Simply put, I want to use my Android device to connect to a LAN but not lose my internet capabilities.
I have dug through Google's guides on network connections, but the only possible solution I have found is Wi-Fi Direct. Unfortunately, I don't think this is possible because the LAN does not support the Wi-Fi Direct protocol.
Is there a way to a connect to a Wi-Fi access point with no internet and remain connected to either cellular or a previous Wi-Fi access point which has internet?
Re-configuring the LAN is something I can do, if that helps
Edit: I have seen this question, but it does not look like there is an answer and it was asked over 3 years ago
You need to build a HttpClient that knows to only use the WiFi.
Android will check internet connections to see if it can get onto the internet with them and ignore them if it can't. Even for local IP addresses, which can be a pain.
This is part of a Dagger module I wrote to create a correctly configured OkHttp client.
/**
* Find the WiFi Network object. If the WiFi is off this will return null. You might want to listen to the broadcasts from the WiFi system to retry when the WiFi is turned on.
*/
#Provides
public Network provideNetwork(ConnectivityManager connectivityManager) {
for (final Network network : connectivityManager.getAllNetworks()) {
final NetworkInfo networkInfo = connectivityManager.getNetworkInfo(network);
final int networkType = networkInfo.getType();
if (networkType == ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI) {
return network;
}
}
return null;
}
/**
* Create a HttpClient that will only use the network supplied. Changing this for the built in Apache HttpClient should be easy enough.
*/
#Provides
public OkHttpClient provideOkHttpClient(final Network network) {
if (network != null) {
final OkHttpClient httpClient = new OkHttpClient();
httpClient.setSocketFactory(network.getSocketFactory());
Internal.instance.setNetwork(httpClient, new com.squareup.okhttp.internal.Network() {
#Override
public InetAddress[] resolveInetAddresses(String host) throws UnknownHostException {
return network.getAllByName(host);
}
});
return httpClient;
}
return null;
}
I have written an app to start my server at home remotely. The app works without problems in the emulator and also on my smartphone (HTC desire, Android 2.2) when WiFi is enabled.
However it does not work when WiFi is disabled.
Before restarting I first check if it's already running. To do this I use sockets and I first connect to a dyndns address. After that I try to connect to my ip-box where I can switch on my computer by sending commands via a socket.
When the connection to that socket fails I know the server is not running.
The relevant code is:
socket = new Socket();
socket.connect(new InetSocketAddress(serverName, port), 10000);
status = socket.isConnected() == true;
socket.close();
If there's an exception (SocketException) I know that the server is not running.
This approach works perfectly when I have switched WiFi on. However if WiFi's not switched on then the connect always says it's ok, even if it could not establish a connection since the server is not available.
Is there a way to check if the the connection is really established, even if WiFi is disabled?
Any suggestions welcome!
Thanks,
Rudi
Try to open your socket like this :
public boolean connect(String ip, int port) {
try {
this.clientSocket = new Socket(ip, port);
clientSocket.setSoTimeout(timeout);
this.outToServer = new DataOutputStream(clientSocket
.getOutputStream());
this.inFromServer = clientSocket.getInputStream();
isconnected = true;
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e("TCPclient", "connection failed on " + ip + ":" + port);
isconnected = false;
return isconnected;
}
Log.e("TCPclient", "connection to " + ip + " sucessfull");
return isconnected;
}
If connection is not successful , it will generate an IOException (work when wifi enabled and no server , and when wifi is not enabled(HTC desire 2.3)).
This code is not really correct ,it's just a short version
EDIT
Try to check wfi state like this (it is not practical but it should work)
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
ConnectivityManager cm = (ConnectivityManager) getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
NetworkInfo ni = cm.getNetworkInfo(ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI);
if (ni.isConnected()) {
Toast.makeText(this,"Wifi enabled", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
Log.d("WiFiStateTestActivity", "WiFi!");
} else {
Toast.makeText(this,"Wifi not enabled", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
Log.d("WiFiStateTestActivity", "not WiFi!");
}
}
Don't forget to set the permission in manifest.xml to allow you app to open a socket.