I am new to android development and currently I am trying to modify the sample code for Bluetooth LE interfacing found here https://developer.android.com/samples/BluetoothLeGatt/index.html .
This demo project is divided into two activities but I want to reduce it to one activity; the DeviceControlActivity is changed into a 'regular' Java class.
After a few attempts I made the BluetoothLeService run with this constructor of my Device Control class:
public DeviceControl (BluetoothDevice device, Context context) {
mDeviceName = device.getName();
mDeviceAddress = device.getAddress();
this.context = context;
Log.d(TAG, "DeviceControl construktor");
Log.d(TAG, "Context = " + context);
Intent gattServiceIntent = new Intent(context, BluetoothLeService.class);
context.bindService(gattServiceIntent, mServiceConnection, context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
The BluetoothLeService class is ridden with Log.d()'s and seems to work fine; however, the broadcasts it emits here:
private final BluetoothGattCallback mGattCallback = new BluetoothGattCallback() {
#Override
public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status, int newState) {
String intentAction;
if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) {
intentAction = ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED;
mConnectionState = STATE_CONNECTED;
broadcastUpdate(intentAction);
Log.i(TAG, "Connected to GATT server.");
// Attempts to discover services after successful connection.
Log.i(TAG, "Attempting to start service discovery:" +
mBluetoothGatt.discoverServices());
} else if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED) {
intentAction = ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED;
mConnectionState = STATE_DISCONNECTED;
Log.i(TAG, "Disconnected from GATT server.");
broadcastUpdate(intentAction);
}
}
#Override
public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
broadcastUpdate(ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED);
} else {
Log.w(TAG, "onServicesDiscovered received: " + status);
}
}
#Override
public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt,
BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic,
int status) {
if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
broadcastUpdate(ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE, characteristic);
}
}
#Override
public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt,
BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
broadcastUpdate(ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE, characteristic);
}
};
private void broadcastUpdate(final String action) {
Log.d(TAG, "Methode broadcastUpdate aufgerufen. Action = " + action);
final Intent intent = new Intent(action);
sendBroadcast(intent);
}
However, they never arrive in the DeviceControl Class I originally bound the service to:
private final BroadcastReceiver mGattUpdateReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
#Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
Log.d(TAG, "Broadcast received");
final String action = intent.getAction();
if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED.equals(action)) {
} else if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED.equals(action)) {
} else if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED.equals(action)) {
// Show all the supported services and characteristics on the user interface.
System.out.println("GATT-services discovered");
displayGattServices(mBluetoothLeService.getSupportedGattServices());
} else if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE.equals(action)) {
displayData(intent.getStringExtra(BluetoothLeService.EXTRA_DATA));
}
}
};
What's wrong here?
I cannot comment yet, but is it registered?
You have to register the broadcast receiver with the registerReceiver method.
P.S. If you are using the AppCompat library and do not need the broadcasts to leave your app, also look into the LocalBroadcastManager.
Thanks RobK,
Indeed I didn't register the broadcast. The code for registering wasn't in the onCreate() method in the sample project activity where I expectet everything necessary to set up the Service, but in the onResume() method.
Adding
registerReceiver(mGattUpdateReceiver, makeGattUpdateIntentFilter());
if (mBluetoothLeService != null) {
final boolean result = mBluetoothLeService.connect(mDeviceAddress);
Log.d(TAG, "Connect request result=" + result);
}
to the constructor and an additional custom intent filter
private static IntentFilter makeGattUpdateIntentFilter() {
final IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED);
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED);
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED);
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothLeService.ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE);
return intentFilter;
}
solved it for me.
Related
I call on my bluetooth adapter mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery(); which then returns me a list of BluetoothDevices. When I press on 1 of those devices, I do this:
mBluetoothGatt = bluetoothDevice.connectGatt(MainActivity.this, false, mGattCallback);
Where my callback is:
private final BluetoothGattCallback mGattCallback =
new BluetoothGattCallback() {
#Override
public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status,
int newState) {
if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) {
mConnectionState = STATE_CONNECTED;
Log.i(TAG, "Connected to GATT server.");
Log.i(TAG, "Attempting to start service discovery:" +
mBluetoothGatt.discoverServices());
List<BluetoothGattService> listBGS = mBluetoothGatt.getServices();
Log.i("","list size: " + listBGS.size());
} else if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED) {
mConnectionState = STATE_DISCONNECTED;
Log.i(TAG, "Disconnected from GATT server.");
}
}
#Override
// New services discovered
public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
Log.w(TAG, "onServicesDiscovered GATT_SUCCESS: " + status);
List<BluetoothGattService> listBGS = mBluetoothGatt.getServices();
Log.i("","list size: " + listBGS.size());
} else {
Log.w(TAG, "onServicesDiscovered received: " + status);
}
}
#Override
// Result of a characteristic read operation
public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt,
BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic,
int status) {
if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
Log.w(TAG, "onCharacteristicRead GATT_SUCCESS: " + status + " / char: " + characteristic);
}
}
};
Now, when I try it on phones, I get STATE_CONNECTED on onConnectionStateChange , and I then call discoverServices, and I get back a GATT_SUCCESS onServicesDiscoveres. So I can take the uuids from my services.
BUT when I try it on a beacon, I get back STATE_CONNECTED and when I call discoverServices, I get back an status code: 129 -> GATT_INTERNAL_ERROR
Why is this happening for my beacons? Is there another way, how I can take the devices uuid?
I just need the UUID to be able to do this after, for the beaconManager:
try {
beaconManager.startMonitoringBeaconsInRegion(new Region("myMonitoringUniqueId", null, null, null));
} catch (RemoteException e) { }
EDIT
I know that the beacon should ask me for a code to pair, but it doesn't. Why?
I tried adding this code:
final IntentFilter pairingRequestFilter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST);
pairingRequestFilter.setPriority(IntentFilter.SYSTEM_HIGH_PRIORITY - 1);
registerReceiver(mPairingRequestRecevier, pairingRequestFilter);
But still I don't get a request to pair and input my passkey
This is my pairingRequestReceiver:
private final BroadcastReceiver mPairingRequestRecevier = new BroadcastReceiver()
{
#Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
{
if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST.equals(intent.getAction()))
{
final BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
int type = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_PAIRING_VARIANT, BluetoothDevice.ERROR);
if (type == BluetoothDevice.PAIRING_VARIANT_PIN)
{
device.setPin(intToByteArray(123456));
abortBroadcast();
}
else
{
Log.e("","Unexpected pairing type: " + type);
}
}
}
};
After hours of trial and error I did manage to find a way to make it work like this:
1.I start the discovery the same, but when I select an bluetooth device, I ask to bond (pair) with it like this:
private void pairDevice(BluetoothDevice device) {
try {
Method method = device.getClass().getMethod("createBond", (Class[]) null);
method.invoke(device, (Object[]) null);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
I have a ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED receiver:
private final BroadcastReceiver mPairReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String action = intent.getAction();
if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED.equals(action)) {
final int state = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_BOND_STATE, BluetoothDevice.ERROR);
final int prevState = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_PREVIOUS_BOND_STATE, BluetoothDevice.ERROR);
if (state == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED && prevState == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING) {
Log.i("","Paired");
mBluetoothGatt = btDevice.connectGatt(MainActivity.this, false, mGattCallback);
} else if (state == BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE && prevState == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED){
Log.i("","Unpaired");
}
}
}
};
Which I register like this:
IntentFilter intent = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);
registerReceiver(mPairReceiver, intent);
And only after this, I try to connect with my BluetoothGattCallback. Hence, I can discover the services, and so on
First, sorry for my english, second, I have a problem with a BluetoothGattCallback in Android studio for ble, the app runs, I go in research and connection and it's ok, but the method in the callback never starts, my principal interest is rssi.
This is my gattcallback:
private final BluetoothGattCallback mGattCallback =
new BluetoothGattCallback() {
#Override
public void onReadRemoteRssi(BluetoothGatt gatt, int rssi, int status) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "fin qui tutto ok", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
TextView Rssitext = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView8);
Rssitext.setText("RSSI"+ "null");
if (status == gatt.STATE_CONNECTED) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,rssi, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
Rssitext.setText("RSSI"+ rssi);
}
else {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"fail read rssi", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
Rssitext.setText("RSSI"+ "null");
}
}
#Override
public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status,
int newState) {
String intentAction;
if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) {
intentAction = ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED;
mConnectionState = STATE_CONNECTED;
boolean rssiStatus = mBluetoothGatt.readRemoteRssi();
broadcastUpdate(intentAction);
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Connected to GATT server." , Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
} else if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED) {
intentAction = ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED;
mConnectionState = STATE_DISCONNECTED;
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"Disconnected from GATT server.", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
broadcastUpdate(intentAction);
}
}
#Override
// New services discovered
public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
broadcastUpdate(ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED);
} else {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"onServicesDiscovered received: " + status, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
and now when I call, I use has for automatic connect to specific device when are found
private final BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String action = intent.getAction();
// When discovery finds a device
if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
// Get the BluetoothDevice object from the Intent
BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
// Add the name and address to an array adapter to show in a ListView
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, device.getName() + " " + device.hashCode(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
if ((device.hashCode() == 676210690)|| (device.hashCode() == -1001190065))
{
mBluetoothGatt= device.connectGatt(context, false, mGattCallback);
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,
"sought after device found", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
mBluetoothGatt.readRemoteRssi();
}
}
}
};
I know it's been discussed on here before, but i never found a concrete demonstration on how this is achieved. So far I'm able to connect to one device, and this is what i have so far:
A MainActivity with no layout
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private Handler mHandler;
private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
private static final int REQUEST_ENABLE_BT = 1;
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
mHandler = new Handler();
final BluetoothManager bluetoothManager =
(BluetoothManager) getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
mBluetoothAdapter = bluetoothManager.getAdapter();
if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
Intent enableBtIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
startActivityForResult(enableBtIntent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT);
}
BluetoothDevice device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice("E8:FF:34:49:A9:5B");
final Intent intent = new Intent(this, DeviceControlActivity.class);
intent.putExtra(DeviceControlActivity.EXTRAS_DEVICE_NAME, device.getName());
intent.putExtra(DeviceControlActivity.EXTRAS_DEVICE_ADDRESS, device.getAddress());
startActivity(intent);
}
#Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
// User chose not to enable Bluetooth.
if (requestCode == REQUEST_ENABLE_BT && resultCode == Activity.RESULT_CANCELED) {
finish();
return;
}
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
}
#Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
// Ensures Bluetooth is enabled on the device. If Bluetooth is not currently enabled,
// fire an intent to display a dialog asking the user to grant permission to enable it.
if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Enable Bluetooth in phone settings.",
Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
}
}
DeviceControlActivity with code to manage Service lifecycle.
private final ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
#Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName componentName, IBinder service) {
mBluetoothLeService = ((BluetoothLeService.LocalBinder) service).getService();
if (!mBluetoothLeService.initialize()) {
Log.e(TAG, "Unable to initialize Bluetooth");
finish();
}
// Automatically connects to the device upon successful start-up initialization.
mBluetoothLeService.connect(mDeviceAddress);
}
#Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName componentName) {
mBluetoothLeService = null;
}
};
Establish connection in onCreate
Intent gattServiceIntent = new Intent(this, BluetoothLeService.class);
bindService(gattServiceIntent, mServiceConnection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
Receiver to handle various events fired by the Service.
private final BroadcastReceiver mGattUpdateReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
#Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
final String action = intent.getAction();
if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED.equals(action)) {
mConnected = true;
updateConnectionState(R.string.connected);
mConnectionState.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#FF17AA00"));
invalidateOptionsMenu();
} else if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED.equals(action)) {
mConnected = false;
updateConnectionState(R.string.disconnected);
mConnectionState.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#ff0000"));
invalidateOptionsMenu();
//clearUI();
} else if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED.equals(action)) {
// Show all the supported services and characteristics on the user interface.
//displayGattServices(mBluetoothLeService.getSupportedGattServices());
List<BluetoothGattService> servs = mBluetoothLeService.getSupportedGattServices();
for (int i = 0; servs.size() > i; i++) {
List<BluetoothGattCharacteristic> charac = servs.get(i).getCharacteristics();
for (int j = 0; charac.size() > i; i++) {
BluetoothGattCharacteristic ch = charac.get(i);
if (ch.getUuid() == chara) {
mBluetoothLeService.readCharacteristic(ch);
mBluetoothLeService.setCharacteristicNotification(ch, true);
}
}
}
} else if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE.equals(action)) {
displayData(intent.getStringExtra(BluetoothLeService.EXTRA_DATA));
}
}
};
After some research, i'm under the impression that i would have to edit the BluetoothGattCallback to be able to manage 2 connections. What i have so far:
private final BluetoothGattCallback mGattCallback = new BluetoothGattCallback() {
#Override
public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status, int newState) {
String intentAction;
if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) {
intentAction = ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED;
mConnectionState = STATE_CONNECTED;
broadcastUpdate(intentAction);
Log.i(TAG, "Connected to GATT server.");
// Attempts to discover services after successful connection.
Log.i(TAG, "Attempting to start service discovery:" +
mBluetoothGatt.discoverServices());
} else if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED) {
intentAction = ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED;
mConnectionState = STATE_DISCONNECTED;
Log.i(TAG, "Disconnected from GATT server.");
broadcastUpdate(intentAction);
}
}
#Override
public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
List<BluetoothGattService> services = gatt.getServices();
gatt.readCharacteristic(services.get(2).getCharacteristics().get
(0));
broadcastUpdate(ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED);
} else {
Log.w(TAG, "onServicesDiscovered received: " + status);
}
}
#Override
public void onCharacteristicRead(final BluetoothGatt gatt,final
BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic,
int status) {
if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
new Thread(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
broadcastUpdate(ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE, characteristic);
gatt.readCharacteristic(characteristic);
}
}).start();
}
}
#Override
public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt,
BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
broadcastUpdate(ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE, characteristic);
}
};
My app lists services found on a Bluetooth LE device. It has:
a service (BluetoothLeService.java) that handles gattcallbacks and broadcasts updates
a broadcast receiver that is declared in main activity
I can not reliably get GATT callbacks from BluetoothGatt in my broadcast receiver. I have 2 devices I'm testing with and they get different results for the same code. My Tablet running Android 4.4.2 gets no callback at all, while my Nexus 4 phone running 5.1.1 gets the callback and displays the services.
Here is my gatt callback from inside my service:
private final BluetoothGattCallback mGattCallback = new BluetoothGattCallback() {
#Override
public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status, int newState) {
String intentAction;
if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) {
intentAction = ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED;
mConnectionState = STATE_CONNECTED;
broadcastUpdate(intentAction);
Log.i(TAG, "Connected to GATT server.");
// Attempts to discover services after successful connection.
Log.i(TAG, "Attempting to start service discovery.");
//mBluetoothGatt.discoverServices();
gatt.discoverServices();
} else if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED) {
intentAction = ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED;
mConnectionState = STATE_DISCONNECTED;
Log.i(TAG, "Disconnected from GATT server.");
broadcastUpdate(intentAction);
}
}
#Override
public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
broadcastUpdate(ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED);
Log.d(TAG, "Services discovered, broadcasting update");
} else {
Log.w(TAG, "onServicesDiscovered received: " + status);
}
}
#Override
public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt,
BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic,
int status) {
if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
broadcastUpdate(ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE, characteristic);
}
}
#Override
public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt,
BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
broadcastUpdate(ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE, characteristic);
Log.d(TAG, "Characteristic changed, broadcasting update");
}
#Override
public void onCharacteristicWrite(BluetoothGatt gatt,
BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic,
int status) {
broadcastUpdate(ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE, characteristic);
Log.d(TAG, "Characteristic written, braodcasting update");
}
};
And here is what I have in my main activity:
// Code to manage Service lifecycle.
private final ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
#Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName componentName, IBinder service) {
mBluetoothLeService = ((BluetoothLeService.LocalBinder) service).getService();
if (!mBluetoothLeService.initialize()) {
Log.e(TAG, "Unable to initialize Bluetooth");
finish();
}
// Automatically connects to the device upon successful start-up initialization.
mBluetoothLeService.connect(mDeviceAddress);
}
#Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName componentName) {
Log.d(TAG,"Disconnected from service");
mBluetoothLeService = null;
}
};
// Handles various events fired by the Service.
// ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED: connected to a GATT server.
// ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED: disconnected from a GATT server.
// ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED: discovered GATT services.
// ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE: received data from the device. This can be a result of read
// or notification operations.
private final BroadcastReceiver mGattUpdateReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
#Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
final String action = intent.getAction();
Log.d(TAG,"Received data from broadcast receiver: "+ action);
if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED.equals(action)) {
mConnected = true;
updateConnectionState(R.string.connected);
invalidateOptionsMenu();
} else if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED.equals(action)) {
Log.d(TAG,"Disconnected from the gatt server");
mConnected = false;
updateConnectionState(R.string.disconnected);
invalidateOptionsMenu();
clearUI();
} else if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
Log.d(TAG,"Receiver: Action Found");
// Get the BluetoothDevice object from the Intent
BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
// get fresh uuids
device.fetchUuidsWithSdp();
} else if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_UUID.equals(action)) {
// Get the device and teh uuids
BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
Parcelable[] uuidExtra = intent.getParcelableArrayExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_UUID);
if (uuidExtra != null) {
for (Parcelable uuid : uuidExtra) {
Log.d(TAG, "Device: " + device.getName() + " ( " + device.getAddress() + " ) - Service: " + uuid.toString());
}
}
} else if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED.equals(action)) {
// Show all the supported services and characteristics on the user interface.
myDevice.setServices(mBluetoothLeService.getSupportedGattServices());
Log.d(TAG,"Services for "+ myDevice.getName() +" set by broadcast receiver");
displayGattServices(mBluetoothLeService.getSupportedGattServices());
} else if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE.equals(action)) {
displayData(intent.getStringExtra(BluetoothLeService.EXTRA_DATA));
Log.d(TAG, "Display Data: " + intent.getStringExtra(BluetoothLeService.EXTRA_DATA));
}
}
};
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_api);
final Intent intent = getIntent();
final Context context = getApplicationContext();
// Initializes a Bluetooth adapter. For API level 18 and above, get a reference to
// BluetoothAdapter through BluetoothManager.
final BluetoothManager bluetoothManager =
(BluetoothManager) getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
mBluetoothAdapter = bluetoothManager.getAdapter();
//Intent gattServiceIntent = new Intent(context, BluetoothLeService.class);
//context.bindService(gattServiceIntent, mServiceConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
Intent gattServiceIntent = new Intent(this, BluetoothLeService.class);
bindService(gattServiceIntent, mServiceConnection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
...
});
And finally, some log output of what happens when I dont get a callback
D/BluetoothGatt﹕ connect() - device: 00:07:80:2D:D3:5C, auto: false
D/BluetoothGatt﹕ registerApp()
D/BluetoothGatt﹕ registerApp() - UUID=468b550a-c0e6-4c54-8437-bb83d07f9be8
D/BluetoothGatt﹕ onClientRegistered() - status=0 clientIf=5
D/VXHB﹕ Trying to create a new connection.
D/BluetoothGatt﹕ onClientConnectionState() - status=133 clientIf=5 device=00:07:80:2D:D3:5C
I/VXHB﹕ Connected to GATT server.
I/VXHB﹕ Attempting to start service discovery.
D/BluetoothGatt﹕ discoverServices() - device: 00:07:80:2D:D3:5C
D/VXHB﹕ Received data from broadcast receiver: my.package.name.ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED
As you can see from the logcat output the broadcast for ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED works and discoverservices is actually fired, but I never get a callback.
Any clues how to troubleshoot this?
Try registering your broadcast receiver in onCreate as such:
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
filter.addAction(BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED);
filter.addAction(BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED);
filter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
filter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_UUID);
filter.addAction(BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED);
filter.addAction(BluetoothLeService.ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE);
registerReceiver(mGattUpdateReceiver, filter);
There was something elsewhere in my code causing this to malfunction. Reverted to an older commit and problem was solved.
I have a BluetoothLeService which is called from IntentService. BLEService works fine until it connects. After it establishes the connection with iBeacon, it calls ;
public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status, int newState) {
String intentAction;
if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) {
intentAction = ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED;
mConnectionState = STATE_CONNECTED;
broadcastUpdate(intentAction);
Log.i(TAG, "Connected to GATT server.");
// Attempts to discover services after successful connection.
Log.i(TAG, "Attempting to start service discovery:" +
mBluetoothGatt.discoverServices());
} else if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED) {
intentAction = ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED;
mConnectionState = STATE_DISCONNECTED;
Log.i(TAG, "Disconnected from GATT server.");
broadcastUpdate(intentAction);
}
}
Everything is okay so far but after that point in spite of mBluetoothGatt.discoverServices() returns true, onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) is never called.
---------------------UPDATE----------------------------------
On debug it shows newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED but it does not really connect. It shows same result for fake ids which are belong to unexist devices.
-------------------------------------------------------------
Here is my callback
private final BluetoothGattCallback mGattCallback = new BluetoothGattCallback() {
#Override
public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status, int newState) {
String intentAction;
if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) {
intentAction = ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED;
mConnectionState = STATE_CONNECTED;
broadcastUpdate(intentAction);
Log.i(TAG, "Connected to GATT server.");
// Attempts to discover services after successful connection.
Log.i(TAG, "Attempting to start service discovery:" +
mBluetoothGatt.discoverServices());
} else if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED) {
intentAction = ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED;
mConnectionState = STATE_DISCONNECTED;
Log.i(TAG, "Disconnected from GATT server.");
broadcastUpdate(intentAction);
}
}
#Override
public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
broadcastUpdate(ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED);
} else {
Log.w(TAG, "onServicesDiscovered received: " + status);
}
}
#Override
public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt,
BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic,
int status) {
if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
broadcastUpdate(ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE, characteristic);
}
}
#Override
public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt,
BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
broadcastUpdate(ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE, characteristic);
}
};
My Broadcast Receiver
// Handles various events fired by the Service.
// ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED: connected to a GATT server.
// ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED: disconnected from a GATT server.
// ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED: discovered GATT services.
// ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE: received data from the device. This can be a result of read
// or notification operations.
private final BroadcastReceiver mGattUpdateReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
#Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
final String action = intent.getAction();
if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED.equals(action)) {
} else if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED.equals(action)) {
} else if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED.equals(action)) {
// Show all the supported services and characteristics on the user interface.
mBluetoothLeService.getbattery();
} else if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE.equals(action)) {
batteryLevels.add(Double.valueOf(intent.getStringExtra(BluetoothLeService.EXTRAS_DEVICE_BATTERY)));
}
}
};
private static IntentFilter makeGattUpdateIntentFilter() {
final IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED);
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED);
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED);
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothLeService.ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE);
return intentFilter;
}
My BluetoothLeService class
import android.app.Service;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothProfile;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.UUID;
/**
* Service for managing connection and data communication with a GATT server hosted on a
* given Bluetooth LE device.
*/
public class BluetoothLeService extends Service {
private final static String TAG = BluetoothLeService.class.getSimpleName();
private BluetoothManager mBluetoothManager;
private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
private String mBluetoothDeviceAddress;
private BluetoothGatt mBluetoothGatt;
private int mConnectionState = STATE_DISCONNECTED;
private static final int STATE_DISCONNECTED = 0;
private static final int STATE_CONNECTING = 1;
private static final int STATE_CONNECTED = 2;
public final static String ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED =
"com.example.bluetooth.le.ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED";
public final static String ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED =
"com.example.bluetooth.le.ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED";
public final static String ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED =
"com.example.bluetooth.le.ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED";
public final static String ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE =
"com.example.bluetooth.le.ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE";
public final static String EXTRA_DATA =
"com.example.bluetooth.le.EXTRA_DATA";
public final static String EXTRAS_DEVICE_BATTERY = "EXTRAS_DEVICE_BATTERY";
public final static UUID UUID_HEART_RATE_MEASUREMENT =
UUID.fromString(SampleGattAttributes.HEART_RATE_MEASUREMENT);
private static final UUID Battery_Service_UUID = UUID.fromString("0000180F-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb");
private static final UUID Battery_Level_UUID = UUID.fromString("00002a19-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb");
// Implements callback methods for GATT events that the app cares about. For example,
// connection change and services discovered.
private final BluetoothGattCallback mGattCallback = new BluetoothGattCallback() {
#Override
public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status, int newState) {
String intentAction;
if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) {
intentAction = ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED;
mConnectionState = STATE_CONNECTED;
broadcastUpdate(intentAction);
Log.i(TAG, "Connected to GATT server.");
// Attempts to discover services after successful connection.
Log.i(TAG, "Attempting to start service discovery:" +
mBluetoothGatt.discoverServices());
} else if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED) {
intentAction = ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED;
mConnectionState = STATE_DISCONNECTED;
Log.i(TAG, "Disconnected from GATT server.");
broadcastUpdate(intentAction);
}
}
#Override
public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
broadcastUpdate(ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED);
} else {
Log.w(TAG, "onServicesDiscovered received: " + status);
}
}
#Override
public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt,
BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic,
int status) {
if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
broadcastUpdate(ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE, characteristic);
}
}
#Override
public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt,
BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
broadcastUpdate(ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE, characteristic);
}
};
private void broadcastUpdate(final String action) {
final Intent intent = new Intent(action);
sendBroadcast(intent);
}
private void broadcastUpdate(final String action,
final BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
final Intent intent = new Intent(action);
Log.v(TAG, "characteristic.getStringValue(0) = " + characteristic.getIntValue(BluetoothGattCharacteristic.FORMAT_UINT8, 0));
intent.putExtra(EXTRAS_DEVICE_BATTERY, characteristic.getIntValue(BluetoothGattCharacteristic.FORMAT_UINT8, 0));
sendBroadcast(intent);
}
public class LocalBinder extends Binder {
BluetoothLeService getService() {
return BluetoothLeService.this;
}
}
public void getbattery() {
Set pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();
BluetoothGattService batteryService = mBluetoothGatt.getService(Battery_Service_UUID);
List<BluetoothGattService> servicesList;
servicesList = getSupportedGattServices();
Iterator<BluetoothGattService> iter = servicesList.iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
BluetoothGattService bService = (BluetoothGattService) iter.next();
if (bService.getUuid().toString().equals(Battery_Level_UUID)){
batteryService = bService;
}
}
if(batteryService == null) {
Log.d(TAG, "Battery service not found!");
return;
}
BluetoothGattCharacteristic batteryLevel = batteryService.getCharacteristic(Battery_Level_UUID);
if(batteryLevel == null) {
Log.d(TAG, "Battery level not found!");
return;
}
mBluetoothGatt.readCharacteristic(batteryLevel);
Log.v(TAG, "batteryLevel = " + mBluetoothGatt.readCharacteristic(batteryLevel));
}
#Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return mBinder;
}
#Override
public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {
// After using a given device, you should make sure that BluetoothGatt.close() is called
// such that resources are cleaned up properly. In this particular example, close() is
// invoked when the UI is disconnected from the Service.
close();
return super.onUnbind(intent);
}
private final IBinder mBinder = new LocalBinder();
/**
* Initializes a reference to the local Bluetooth adapter.
*
* #return Return true if the initialization is successful.
*/
public boolean initialize() {
// For API level 18 and above, get a reference to BluetoothAdapter through
// BluetoothManager.
if (mBluetoothManager == null) {
mBluetoothManager = (BluetoothManager) getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
if (mBluetoothManager == null) {
Log.e(TAG, "Unable to initialize BluetoothManager.");
return false;
}
}
mBluetoothAdapter = mBluetoothManager.getAdapter();
if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) {
Log.e(TAG, "Unable to obtain a BluetoothAdapter.");
return false;
}
return true;
}
/**
* Connects to the GATT server hosted on the Bluetooth LE device.
*
* #param address The device address of the destination device.
*
* #return Return true if the connection is initiated successfully. The connection result
* is reported asynchronously through the
* {#code BluetoothGattCallback#onConnectionStateChange(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt, int, int)}
* callback.
*/
public boolean connect(final String address) {
if (mBluetoothAdapter == null || address == null) {
Log.w(TAG, "BluetoothAdapter not initialized or unspecified address.");
return false;
}
// Previously connected device. Try to reconnect.
if (mBluetoothDeviceAddress != null && address.equals(mBluetoothDeviceAddress)
&& mBluetoothGatt != null) {
Log.d(TAG, "Trying to use an existing mBluetoothGatt for connection.");
if (mBluetoothGatt.connect()) {
mConnectionState = STATE_CONNECTING;
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
final BluetoothDevice device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address);
if (device == null) {
Log.w(TAG, "Device not found. Unable to connect.");
return false;
}
// We want to directly connect to the device, so we are setting the autoConnect
// parameter to false.
mBluetoothGatt = device.connectGatt(this, false, mGattCallback);
Log.d(TAG, "Trying to create a new connection.");
mBluetoothDeviceAddress = address;
mConnectionState = STATE_CONNECTING;
return true;
}
/**
* Disconnects an existing connection or cancel a pending connection. The disconnection result
* is reported asynchronously through the
* {#code BluetoothGattCallback#onConnectionStateChange(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt, int, int)}
* callback.
*/
public void disconnect() {
if (mBluetoothAdapter == null || mBluetoothGatt == null) {
Log.w(TAG, "BluetoothAdapter not initialized");
return;
}
mBluetoothGatt.close();
}
/**
* After using a given BLE device, the app must call this method to ensure resources are
* released properly.
*/
public void close() {
if (mBluetoothGatt == null) {
return;
}
mBluetoothGatt.close();
mBluetoothGatt = null;
}
/**
* Request a read on a given {#code BluetoothGattCharacteristic}. The read result is reported
* asynchronously through the {#code BluetoothGattCallback#onCharacteristicRead(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt, android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic, int)}
* callback.
*
* #param characteristic The characteristic to read from.
*/
public void readCharacteristic(BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
if (mBluetoothAdapter == null || mBluetoothGatt == null) {
Log.w(TAG, "BluetoothAdapter not initialized");
return;
}
mBluetoothGatt.readCharacteristic(characteristic);
}
public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {
if(status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
broadcastUpdate(ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE, characteristic);
}
}
/**
* Enables or disables notification on a give characteristic.
*
* #param characteristic Characteristic to act on.
* #param enabled If true, enable notification. False otherwise.*/
public void setCharacteristicNotification(BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic,
boolean enabled) {
if (mBluetoothAdapter == null || mBluetoothGatt == null) {
Log.w(TAG, "BluetoothAdapter not initialized");
return;
}
mBluetoothGatt.setCharacteristicNotification(characteristic, enabled);
// This is specific to Heart Rate Measurement.
if (UUID_HEART_RATE_MEASUREMENT.equals(characteristic.getUuid())) {
BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor = characteristic.getDescriptor(
UUID.fromString(SampleGattAttributes.CLIENT_CHARACTERISTIC_CONFIG));
descriptor.setValue(BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE);
mBluetoothGatt.writeDescriptor(descriptor);
}
if (Battery_Level_UUID.equals(characteristic.getUuid())) {
BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor = characteristic.getDescriptor(
UUID.fromString(SampleGattAttributes.CLIENT_CHARACTERISTIC_CONFIG));
descriptor.setValue(BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE);
mBluetoothGatt.writeDescriptor(descriptor);
}
}
/**
* Retrieves a list of supported GATT services on the connected device. This should be
* invoked only after {#code BluetoothGatt#discoverServices()} completes successfully.
*
* #return A {#code List} of supported services.
*/
public List<BluetoothGattService> getSupportedGattServices() {
if (mBluetoothGatt == null) return null;
return mBluetoothGatt.getServices();
}
}
I figured it out. The real problem is connection. It shows like it is connected but it is not, I tried to connect with false address and it still connected.
After I added
mBluetoothGatt.connect();
at the end of connect method of BluetoothLeService.java it started to work.
Thanks for helps Vikram Ezhil
Did you bind the service
# your_Main_Actiivty
Intent gattServiceIntent = new Intent(getActivity(), your_Service_class.class);
// Starting the service
bindService(gattServiceIntent, mServiceConnection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
Updated:
Update your code as per the below, connect() method should be called from inside onServiceConnected()
private final ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection()
{
#Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service)
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
mBluetoothLeService = ((BluetoothLeService.LocalBinder) service).getService();
if (!bluetoothHDPService.initialize())
{
Log.e(TAG, "Unable to initialize Bluetooth");
finish();
};
// connnect method() should be called here and not anywhere else
mBluetoothLeService.connect("1C:BA:8C:21:60:E9");
};
#Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name)
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
mBluetoothLeService = null;
};
};
2nd Update
It seems you never called setCharacteristicNotification method. Add the below line of code after
mBluetoothGatt.readCharacteristic(batteryLevel);
mBluetoothGatt.setCharacteristicNotification(batterLevel,true)