Common way to switch fragments without loosing state - android

I am pretty new to android development so I am curious how to work properly with Fragments.
My application contains a BottomNavigationActivity which switches between 3 fragments with this code:
FragmentManager fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
fragmentManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.content_montage_order_detail, fragment).commit();
I am storing the Fragments in a List<Fragment> to avoid loosing the current state. But everytime I replace the fragment with another the method onDestroy() is called.
I know, I know I could add and remove the fragment in the fragmentmanager instead of replacing it. I googled alot and most of the tutorials tell me to replace the fragment.
Whats the common way to keep a fragments state without recreating it on every call?

Find the solution
It will not recreate fragment anytime
FragmentManager fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
fragmentManager.beginTransaction().add(R.id.content_montage_order_detail, fragment).commit();

Use fragment TAG at time of creation of fragment then when you want to get it again use findFragmentByTag. if fragment already created then old one will be find by fragment manager.
Fragment previousFragment = fragmentManager.findFragmentByTag("TAG");

I suggest you use show,not forreplace
protected void addFragmentStack(Fragment fragment) {
FragmentTransaction ft = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
if (this.mContent != fragment) {
if (fragment.isAdded()) {
ft.hide(this.mContent).show(fragment);
} else {
ft.hide(this.mContent).add(getFragmentViewId(), fragment);
}
this.mContent = fragment;
}
ft.commit();
}

Try using switchFragment to switch fragment, it will show fragment if it is already added.
Use fragmentTransaction.show method to re-use existing fragment i.e. saved instance.
public void switchFragment (Fragment oldFragment, Fragment newFragment, int frameId) {
boolean addFragment = true;
FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager ();
String tag = newFragment.getArguments ().getString (BaseFragment.TAG);
Fragment fragment = fragmentManager.findFragmentByTag (tag);
// Check if fragment is already added
if (fragment != null && fragment.isAdded ()) {
addFragment = false;
}
// Hide previous fragment
String oldFragmentTag = oldFragment.getArguments ().getString (BaseFragment.TAG);
if (!tag.equals (oldFragmentTag)) {
FragmentTransaction hideTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction ();
Fragment fragment1 = fragmentManager.findFragmentByTag (oldFragmentTag);
hideTransaction.hide (fragment1);
hideTransaction.commit ();
}
// Add new fragment and show it
FragmentTransaction addTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction ();
if (addFragment) {
addTransaction.add (frameId, newFragment, tag);
addTransaction.addToBackStack (tag);
}
else {
newFragment = fragmentManager.findFragmentByTag (tag);
}
addTransaction.show (newFragment);
addTransaction.commit ();
}

Ya, you can also manage the state by managing the backstack.

Related

Difference between add vs addToBackStack

Hi I have read this Difference between add(), replace(), and addToBackStack(). I have a confusion that If I add multiple fragments like below then If I press back button from fragment2 then will fragment1 will open ? If so then what is the use of addToBackStack as add already maintaining a stack.
FragmentTransaction ft = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
Fragment fragment1 = new Fragment();
ft.add(R.id.llContainer, fragment1, "fragment_one");
Fragment fragment2 = new Fragment();
ft.add(R.id.llContainer, fragment2, "fragment_two");
ft.commit();
Well if you call multiple times add method on FragmentTransaction like this
FragmentTransaction ft = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
Fragment fragment1 = new Fragment();
ft.add(R.id.llContainer, fragment1, "fragment_one");
Fragment fragment2 = new Fragment();
ft.add(R.id.llContainer, fragment2, "fragment_two");
ft.commit();
then both the fragments that been added to FragmentTransaction will be shown as overlapping.
Now clicking back will close the application. It won't start the previous fragment.
Hope this is what you were looking for.
Add method will not add your Fragment in BackStack. You need to verify once again.
While looking into code of addToBackStack
#Override
public FragmentTransaction addToBackStack(String name) {
if (!mAllowAddToBackStack) {
throw new IllegalStateException(
"This FragmentTransaction is not allowed to be added to the back stack.");
}
mAddToBackStack = true;
mName = name;
return this;
}
Flag mAddToBackStack = true; enabled which value is false by default. And this is the flag which is being used to add fragment into backstack. Have a look into below methods calls
#Override
public int commit() {
return commitInternal(false);
}
int commitInternal(boolean allowStateLoss) {
......
if (mAddToBackStack) {
mIndex = mManager.allocBackStackIndex(this);
} else {
mIndex = -1;
}
.....
}
So what you observed is not correct. Something you are missing

Attach/detach vs replace fragment

In the following piece of code, what's the point of using detach/attach fragments instead of just replacing them?
private void showFragment(String tag) {
String oldTag = mSelectedTag;
mSelectedTag = tag;
final FragmentManager fm = getSupportFragmentManager();
final FragmentTransaction ft = fm.beginTransaction();
final Fragment oldFragment = fm.findFragmentByTag(oldTag);
final Fragment fragment = fm.findFragmentByTag(tag);
if (oldFragment != null && !tag.equals(oldTag)) {
ft.detach(oldFragment);
}
if (fragment == null) {
ft.replace(R.id.container, getContentFragment(tag), tag);
} else {
if (fragment.isDetached()) {
ft.attach(fragment);
}
}
ft.commit();
}
Why can't I just write something like this?
private void showFragment(String tag) {
final FragmentManager fm = getSupportFragmentManager();
final FragmentTransaction ft = fm.beginTransaction();
ft.replace(R.id.container, getContentFragment(tag), tag);
ft.addToBackStack(null);
ft.commit();
}
getContentFragment method, just in case:
private Fragment getContentFragment(String tag) {
Fragment fragment = null;
if (Frag1.TAG.equals(tag)) {
fragment = new Frag1();
} else if (Frag2.TAG.equals(tag)) {
fragment = new Frag2();
}
return fragment;
}
Here's the documentation for FragmentTransaction.detach() (emphasis added):
Detach the given fragment from the UI. This is the same state as when it is put on the back stack: the fragment is removed from the UI, however its state is still being actively managed by the fragment manager. When going into this state its view hierarchy is destroyed.
So a detached fragment is still "alive" inside the FragmentManager; its view has been destroyed but all of its logical state is preserved. So when you call attach(), you are getting the same fragment back.
FragmentTransaction.replace(), passing a new fragment, however, will cause you to wind up using two different instances of the same fragment class, rather than re-using a single instance.
Personally, I've never had a need to use detach() and attach(), and have always used replace(). But that doesn't mean that there isn't a place and time where they're going to be useful.

Redirect the fragment when click on button

I am using this code for replacing the fragment but there is a problem, it's not replacing the old fragment it just override on old fragment so please tell me what is the problem here.
public void selectFrag1(View rootView) {
Fragment frag;
if (rootView == findViewById(R.id.startup1)) {
frag = new S_SignupFragment();
} else {
frag = new F_SignupFragment();
}
FragmentManager fragManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
FragmentTransaction fragTransaction = fragManager.beginTransaction();
fragTransaction.replace(R.id.fragment_signup,frag);
fragTransaction.commit();
}
Are you sure that you pass the parent view, that is going to hold your fragment on the line fragTransaction.replace(R.id.fragment_signup,frag); ?
For fragmentTransaction.replace(...,...) you need to specify a container for your fragment and the fragment itself. Check where does your R.id.fragment_signup directs. More information you could find in this SO question: Unable to replace fragment on button click
fr = new FragmentOne();
fm = getSupportFragmentManager();
fragmentTransaction = fm.beginTransaction();
fragmentTransaction.add(R.id.fragment_place,fr);
fragmentTransaction.commit();
if you use same code then add this before call first button setonclicklistner

Prevent the same Fragment to be added multiple times in popBackStack

My activity is composed of 3 nested Fragments. There is my MainFragment that is displayed by default, ProductFragment that can be called from it, then DetailFragment can be called from ProductFragment.
I can go back and forth between my ProductFragment and DetailFragment. By doing so, the popStackBack method is accumulating similar fragments. Then, if I click on the back button, It will go back through all the Fragments as many time I called them.
What is the proper way to avoid the same Fragment to be kept in the back stack ?
EDIT :
I firstly call my main fragment :
if (savedInstanceState == null) {
getFragmentManager()
.beginTransaction()
.add(R.id.container, new SearchFragment(), "SEARCH_TAG")
.commit();
}
Here is the code that calls the fragments from the activity :
FragmentManager fm = getFragmentManager();
FragmentTransaction ft = fm.beginTransaction();
ft.setCustomAnimations(R.animator.enter_from_bottom, R.animator.exit_to_top, R.animator.enter_from_bottom, R.animator.exit_to_top);
ft.replace(R.id.container, new FactFragment(), "FACT_TAG");
ft.addToBackStack("FACT_TAG");
ft.commit();
Then, on back click :
#Override
public void onBackPressed() {
getFragmentManager().popBackStack();
}
I tried to get the tag of my current fragment and execute some specific code related to it but it doesn't work well. I also tried to addToBackStack() only when current Fragment wasn't already added to the backStack but it messed up my fragment view.
Use fragment's method isAdded() to evaluate the insertion. For example:
if(!frag.isAdded()){
//do fragment transaction and add frag
}
Here is my solution. Maybe dirty but it works. I implemented a method that returns the tag of the fragment that is displayed before clicking the on back button :
public String getActiveFragment() {
if (getFragmentManager().getBackStackEntryCount() == 0) {
return null;
}
String tag = getFragmentManager()
.getBackStackEntryAt(getFragmentManager()
.getBackStackEntryCount() - 1)
.getName();
return tag;
}
Then, on my onBackPressed() method :
// Get current Fragment tag
String currentFrag = getActiveFragment();
if(currentFrag.equals("PRODUCT_TAG")) {
// New transaction to first Fragment
FragmentManager fm = getFragmentManager();
FragmentTransaction ft = fm.beginTransaction();
ft.setCustomAnimations(R.animator.enter_from_right, R.animator.exit_to_left, R.animator.enter_from_right, R.animator.exit_to_left);
ft.replace(R.id.container, new SearchFragment(), "MAIN_TAG");
ft.commit();
} else {
// Go to Fragment-1
getFragmentManager().popBackStack();
}
Here is my handy and simple solution to check for duplicate insertion through fragment manager
at first, I check if it is first time intention for adding fragment and then I check if the fragment is presented using fragment manager
Fragment fragment = getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag("firstFragment");
if (fragment == null) {
getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(R.id.frameLayout, new FirstFragment(), "firstFragment")
.addToBackStack(null)
.commit();
}else if(!fragment.isAdded()){
getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(R.id.frameLayout, new FirstFragment(), "firstFragment")
.addToBackStack(null)
.commit();
}
Here is my solution:
Fragment curFragment = fragmentManager.findFragmentById(R.id.frameLayout);
if(curFragment != null
&& curFragment.getClass().equals(fragment.getClass())) return;
// add the fragment to BackStack here
Xamarin.Android (C#) version:
var curFragment = fragmentManager.FindFragmentById(Resource.Id.frameLayout);
if (curFragment != null
&& curFragment.GetType().Name == fragment.GetType().Name) return;
// add the fragment to BackStack here

Android: Fragments backStack

Im trying to load an new fragment when a method is called. This method creates a new fragment and "replaces" the other fragment:
private void showTestFragment(Fragment oldFragment, boolean addBackStack, BaseAdapter adapter, int position) {
Cursor cursor = (Cursor)adapter.getItem(position);
if(cursor != null){
int idx = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(Episode._ID);
long rowId = cursor.getLong(idx);
FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
if(oldFragment != null){
Log.i(TAG, "Removing the old fragment");
fragmentTransaction.remove(oldFragment);
}
TestFragment testFragment = new TestFragment();
testFragment.setId(rowId);
fragmentTransaction.add(android.R.id.content, testFragment);
if(addBackStack){
Log.i(TAG, "Added to the backstack");
fragmentTransaction.addToBackStack(TAG);
}
fragmentTransaction.commit();
Fragment f = getFragmentManager()
.findFragmentById(R.id.index);
Log.i(TAG, "after commit, frag is "+ f);
}
}
This works fine, until i go back. The last fragment, should be removed when i go back. Before i'm going to implement methods on the activities
public void onBackPressed(){}
to remove the last fragment, i want to know if i handle the fragment change correctly. It looks like i'm missing something here..
If you really want to replace the fragment then use replace() methode instead of doing a remove() and an add().
FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
fragmentTransaction.replace(..............);
fragmentTransaction.addToBackStack(null);
fragmentTransaction.commit();
Don't forget to do the addToBackStack(null) so your previous state will be added to the backstack allowing you to go back with the back button.
See also https://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/FragmentTransaction.html#replace(int, android.app.Fragment, java.lang.String) .
Another good source is http://developer.android.com/guide/components/fragments.html (search for replace() function).
Just remove first and the call super.onBackPressed
public void onBackPressed(){
// here remove code for your last fragment
super.onBackPressed();
}
//lets wait for systems back to finish
super.onBackPressed();
//here we believe a fragment was popped, so we need to remove the fragment from ourbackstack
if(fragmentBackStack.size()>0)
{
Log.d("custombackstack","before back: "+fragmentBackStack.size()+" current:"+fragmentBackStack.peek());
fragmentBackStack.pop();
}
//after popping is the size > 0, if so we set current fragment from the top of stack, otherwise we default to home fragment.
if(fragmentBackStack.size()>0)
{
Log.d("custombackstack","after back: "+fragmentBackStack.peek());
currentFragment = fragmentBackStack.peek();
}
else
{
//back stack empty
currentFragment = HOME_FRAGMENT;
}

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