Develop Reference

MediaCodec's Persistent Input Surface unsupported by Camera2 Session?

I am writing an Android app that supports saving RAW/JPEG and records videos at the same time. I tried passing 4 surfaces when creating CameraCaptureSession: preview, 2x ImageSaver and 1x PersistentInputSurface created by MediaCodec#createPersistentInputSurface. By using persistent input surface, I intend to avoid a stoppage between 2 captures.
When creating the session it fails with:
W/CameraDevice-JV-0: Stream configuration failed due to: endConfigure:380: Camera 0: Unsupported set of inputs/outputs provided
Session 0: Failed to create capture session; configuration failed
I have tried taking out all other surfaces, leaving only the PersistentInputSurface, still fails.
#Override
public void onResume() {
super.onResume();
//Some other setups...
if (persistentRecorderSurface == null) {
persistentRecorderSurface = MediaCodec.createPersistentInputSurface();
}
startBackgroundThread();
startCamera();
if (mPreviewView.isAvailable()) {
configureTransform(mPreviewView.getWidth(), mPreviewView.getHeight());
} else {
mPreviewView.setSurfaceTextureListener(mSurfaceTextureListener);
}
if (mOrientationListener != null && mOrientationListener.canDetectOrientation()) {
mOrientationListener.enable();
}
}
private void createCameraPreviewSessionLocked() {
try {
SurfaceTexture texture = mPreviewView.getSurfaceTexture();
texture.setDefaultBufferSize(mPreviewSize.getWidth(), mPreviewSize.getHeight());
Surface surface = new Surface(texture);
mPreviewRequestBuilder = mBackCameraDevice.createCaptureRequest(
CameraDevice.TEMPLATE_PREVIEW);
mPreviewRequestBuilder.addTarget(surface);
mBackCameraDevice.createCaptureSession(Arrays.asList(
surface,
mJpegImageReader.get().getSurface(),
mRAWImageReader.get().getSurface(),
persistentRecorderSurface
), new CameraCaptureSession.StateCallback() {
#Override
public void onConfigured(CameraCaptureSession session) {
synchronized (mCameraStateLock) {
if (mBackCameraDevice == null) {
return;
}
try {
setup3AControlsLocked(mPreviewRequestBuilder);
session.setRepeatingRequest(mPreviewRequestBuilder.build(),
mPreCaptureCallback, mBackgroundHandler);
mState = CameraStates.PREVIEW;
} catch (CameraAccessException | IllegalStateException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return;
}
mSession = session;
}
}
#Override
public void onConfigureFailed(CameraCaptureSession session) {
showToast("Failed to configure camera.");
}
}, mBackgroundHandler);
} catch (CameraAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

It'd be helpful to see the system log lines right before that error line to confirm, but most likely:
You need to actually tie the persistentRecorderSurface to a MediaRecorder or MediaCodec, and call prepare() on those, before you create the camera capture session.
Otherwise, there's nothing actually at the other end of the persistent surface, and the camera can't tell what resolution or other settings are required.
Also keep in mind that there are limits on how many concurrent outputs you can have from the camera, depending on its supported hardware level and capabilities. There is currently no requirement that a device must support your combination of outputs (preview, record, JPEG, RAW), unfortunately, so it's very likely many or all devices will still give you an error.

Android Camera2, take picture continuously

I need to take pictures continuously with Camera2 API. It works fine on high end devices (for instance a Nexus 5X), but on slower ones (for instance a Samsung Galaxy A3), the preview freezes.
The code is a bit long, so I post only the most relevant parts:
Method called to start my preview:
private void startPreview() {
SurfaceTexture texture = mTextureView.getSurfaceTexture();
if(texture != null) {
try {
// We configure the size of default buffer to be the size of camera preview we want.
texture.setDefaultBufferSize(mPreviewSize.getWidth(), mPreviewSize.getHeight());
// This is the output Surface we need to start preview.
Surface surface = new Surface(texture);
// We set up a CaptureRequest.Builder with the output Surface.
mPreviewRequestBuilder = mCameraDevice.createCaptureRequest(CameraDevice.TEMPLATE_PREVIEW);
mPreviewRequestBuilder.addTarget(surface);
// Here, we create a CameraCaptureSession for camera preview.
mCameraDevice.createCaptureSession(Arrays.asList(surface, mImageReader.getSurface()), new CameraCaptureSession.StateCallback() {
#Override
public void onConfigured(#NonNull CameraCaptureSession cameraCaptureSession) {
// If the camera is already closed, return:
if (mCameraDevice == null) { return; }
// When the session is ready, we start displaying the preview.
mCaptureSession = cameraCaptureSession;
// Auto focus should be continuous for camera preview.
mPreviewRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE, CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE_CONTINUOUS_PICTURE);
mPreviewRequest = mPreviewRequestBuilder.build();
// Start the preview
try { mCaptureSession.setRepeatingRequest(mPreviewRequest, null, mPreviewBackgroundHandler); }
catch (CameraAccessException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
}
#Override
public void onConfigureFailed(#NonNull CameraCaptureSession cameraCaptureSession) {
Log.e(TAG, "Configure failed");
}
}, null
);
}
catch (CameraAccessException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
}
}
Method called to take a picture:
private void takePicture() {
try {
CaptureRequest.Builder captureBuilder = mCameraDevice.createCaptureRequest(CameraDevice.TEMPLATE_STILL_CAPTURE);
captureBuilder.addTarget(mImageReader.getSurface());
mCaptureSession.capture(captureBuilder.build(), null, mCaptureBackgroundHandler);
}
catch (CameraAccessException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
}
And here is my ImageReader:
private final ImageReader.OnImageAvailableListener mOnImageAvailableListener = new ImageReader.OnImageAvailableListener() {
#Override
public void onImageAvailable(final ImageReader reader) {
mSaveBackgroundHandler.post(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
// Set the destination file:
File destination = new File(getExternalFilesDir(null), "image_" + mNumberOfImages + ".jpg");
mNumberOfImages++;
// Acquire the latest image:
Image image = reader.acquireLatestImage();
// Save the image:
ByteBuffer buffer = image.getPlanes()[0].getBuffer();
byte[] bytes = new byte[buffer.remaining()];
buffer.get(bytes);
FileOutputStream output = null;
try {
output = new FileOutputStream(destination);
output.write(bytes);
}
catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
finally {
image.close();
if (null != output) {
try { output.close(); }
catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
}
}
// Take a new picture if needed:
if(mIsTakingPictures) {
takePicture();
}
}
});
}
};
I have a button that toggle the mIsTakingPictures boolean, and makes the first takePicture call.
To recap, I'm using 3 threads:
one for the preview
one for the capture
one for the image saving
What can be the cause of this freeze?

It's impossible to avoid framing lost in your preview when you are taking images all time on weak devices. The only way to avoid this is on devices which support TEMPLATE_ZERO_SHUTTER_LAG and using a reprocessableCaptureSession. The documentation about this is pretty horrible and find a way to implement it can be a odyssey. I have this problem a few months ago and finally I found the way to implement it:
How to use a reprocessCaptureRequest with camera2 API
In that answer you can also find some Google CTS test's which also implements ReprocessableCaptureSession and shoot some burst captures with ZSL template.
Finally, you can also use a CaptureBuilder with your preview surface and the image reader surface attached, in that case your preview will continue working all time and also you will save each frame as a new picture. But you will still having the freeze problem.
I also tried implement a burst capture using a handler which dispatch a new capture call each 100 milliseconds, this second option was pretty good in performance and avoiding frame rate lost, but you will not get as many captures per second like the two ImageReader option.
Hope that my answer will help you a bit, API 2 still being a bit complex and there's not so many examples or information about it.

One thing I noticed on low end devices: the preview stops after a capture, even when using camera 1 api, so it has to be restarted manually, thus producing a small preview freeze when capturing a high resolution picture.
But the camera 2 api provides the possibility to get raw image when taking a still capture (that wasn't possible on the devices I have when using camera 1 (Huawei P7, Sony Xperia E5, wiko UFeel)). Using this feature is much faster than capturing a JPEG (maybe due to JPEG compression), so the preview can be restarted earlier, and the preview freeze is shorter. Of course using this solution you'll have to convert the picture from YUV to JPEG in a background task..

After i changed TEMPLATE from PREVIEW to MANUAL, i get Bad argument passed to camera service. Camera2Api

I need to set iso. In order to do it i need change template. I have done it
There is my code
private void createCameraPreviewSession() {
try {
SurfaceTexture texture = textureView.getSurfaceTexture();
texture.setDefaultBufferSize(previewSize.getWidth(), previewSize.getHeight());
final Surface surface = new Surface(texture);
if (cameraDevice != null) {
---->>> // mPreviewRequestBuilder = cameraDevice.createCaptureRequest(CameraDevice.TEMPLATE_MANUAL);
---->>> mPreviewRequestBuilder = cameraDevice.createCaptureRequest(CameraDevice.TEMPLATE_PREVIEW);
}
mPreviewRequestBuilder.addTarget(surface);
cameraDevice.createCaptureSession(Arrays.asList(surface, imageReader.getSurface()), new CameraCaptureSession.StateCallback() {
#Override
public void onConfigured(#NonNull CameraCaptureSession cameraCaptureSession) {
// The camera is already closed
if (null == cameraDevice) {
return;
}
captureSession = cameraCaptureSession;
try {
mPreviewRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE, CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE_CONTINUOUS_PICTURE);
mPreviewRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_MODE, CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_MODE_ON_ALWAYS_FLASH);
mPreviewRequest = mPreviewRequestBuilder.build();
if (!UtilClass.isNull(cameraDevice)) {
captureSession.setRepeatingRequest(mPreviewRequest, mCaptureCallback, mBackgroundHandler);
}
} catch (CameraAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
#Override
public void onConfigureFailed(
#NonNull CameraCaptureSession cameraCaptureSession) {
}
}, null);
} catch (CameraAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
and eventually I got such error
FATAL EXCEPTION: CameraBackground
Process: com.fittingroom.newtimezone, PID: 31752
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Bad argument passed to camera service
at android.hardware.camera2.utils.CameraBinderDecorator.throwOnError(CameraBi nderDecorator.java:114)
at android.hardware.camera2.utils.CameraBinderDecorator$CameraBinderDecoratorListener.onAfterInvocation(CameraBinderDecorator.java:73)
at android.hardware.camera2.utils.Decorator.invoke(Decorator.java:81)
at java.lang.reflect.Proxy.invoke(Proxy.java:393)
at $Proxy2.createDefaultRequest(Unknown Source)
at android.hardware.camera2.impl.CameraDeviceImpl.createCaptureRequest(CameraDeviceImpl.java:628)
at com.fittingroom.newtimezone.view.ActivityCamera.createCameraPreviewSession(ActivityCamera.java:556)
at com.fittingroom.newtimezone.view.ActivityCamera.access$1000(ActivityCamera.java:72)
at com.fittingroom.newtimezone.view.ActivityCamera$2.onOpened(ActivityCamera.java:144)
at android.hardware.camera2.impl.CameraDeviceImpl$1.run(CameraDeviceImpl.java:134)
at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:739)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:95)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:158)
at android.os.HandlerThread.run(HandlerThread.java:61)
What is possible reason of this?
Thanks in advance!
4 Android: Camera2 Bad argument passed to camera service 2
0 I am getting java.lang.RuntimeException: Fail to Connect to camera service in android?
1 android: Fail to connect to camera service on targetSdkVersion change 2
0 Camera is not connecting to camera service after rotation
0 pass argument to camera activity 2
1 Change Apache Service Startup type to Manual 2

Controlling Sensor ISO and Exposure time in android camera2API

I am trying to add in Manual Camera Controls new exposure value and ISO values. I am using the Camera2Basic Example. The problem I face now is that I am new to Android. I tried looking at L-Camera but its in Scala and that confuses me further.
I tried the following changes but there was no update to the preview of the image.
private void createCameraPreviewSession() {
try {
SurfaceTexture texture = mTextureView.getSurfaceTexture();
assert texture != null;
// We configure the size of default buffer to be the size of camera preview we want.
texture.setDefaultBufferSize(mPreviewSize.getWidth(), mPreviewSize.getHeight());
// This is the output Surface we need to start preview.
Surface surface = new Surface(texture);
// We set up a CaptureRequest.Builder with the output Surface.
mPreviewRequestBuilder
= mCameraDevice.createCaptureRequest(CameraDevice.TEMPLATE_PREVIEW);
mPreviewRequestBuilder.addTarget(surface);
// Here, we create a CameraCaptureSession for camera preview.
mCameraDevice.createCaptureSession(Arrays.asList(surface, mImageReader.getSurface()),
new CameraCaptureSession.StateCallback() {
#Override
public void onConfigured(#NonNull CameraCaptureSession cameraCaptureSession) {
// The camera is already closed
if (null == mCameraDevice) {
return;
}
// When the session is ready, we start displaying the preview.
mCaptureSession = cameraCaptureSession;
try {
// Auto focus should be continuous for camera preview.
mPreviewRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE,
CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE_CONTINUOUS_PICTURE);
mPreviewRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_MODE,
CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_MODE_OFF);
mPreviewRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.SENSOR_EXPOSURE_TIME,Long.valueOf("100000"));
mPreviewRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.SENSOR_SENSITIVITY,1600);
// Flash is automatically enabled when necessary.
setAutoFlash(mPreviewRequestBuilder);
// Finally, we start displaying the camera preview.
mPreviewRequest = mPreviewRequestBuilder.build();
mCaptureSession.setRepeatingRequest(mPreviewRequest,
mCaptureCallback, mBackgroundHandler);
} catch (CameraAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
#Override
public void onConfigureFailed(
#NonNull CameraCaptureSession cameraCaptureSession) {
showToast("Failed");
}
}, null
);
} catch (CameraAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

First, you must change your template to TEMPLATE_STILL_CAPTURE or TEMPLATE_MANUAL to see the values change in the preview. Also, remember to set your CONTROL_AE_MODE and 'CONTROL_MODE' to OFF.
This control is only effective if android.control.aeMode or android.control.mode is set to OFF; otherwise the auto-exposure algorithm will override this value.
From Android Developer
Second, set your values with:
builder.set(CaptureRequest.SENSOR_SENSITIVITY, isoValue);
builder.set(CaptureRequest.SENSOR_EXPOSURE_TIME, exposureTimeValueInMilliseconds);
Finally after all the changes don't forget to update your preview using a CaptureSession.setRepeatingRequest
Hope it will help you!

So I have made the following changes to my code.
mPreviewRequestBuilder
= mCameraDevice.createCaptureRequest(CameraDevice.TEMPLATE_MANUAL);
mPreviewRequestBuilder.addTarget(surface);
mPreviewRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_MODE,
CaptureRequest.CONTROL_MODE_OFF);
mPreviewRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE,
CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE_CONTINUOUS_PICTURE);
mPreviewRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_MODE,
CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_MODE_OFF);
mPreviewRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.SENSOR_EXPOSURE_TIME,Long.valueOf("22000"));
mPreviewRequestBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.SENSOR_SENSITIVITY,200);
mCaptureSession.setRepeatingRequest(mPreviewRequest,
mCaptureCallback, mBackgroundHandler);
However I get a weird preview with a lot of green light taken as an input.
Here it is https://postimg.org/image/yl95e6qht/
This is what it looks like using my inbuilt camera app: https://postimg.org/image/lvjnwquj5/

This will fix the problem:
mPreviewBuilder.set(
CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AWB_MODE,
CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AWB_MODE_AUTO
);

I also had problems with green captures when using manual exposure with camera 2 API.
I could fix it by only deactivating CONTROL_AE_MODE instead of both CONTROL_AE_MODE and CONTROL_MODE.
This is my configuration:
final CaptureRequest.Builder captureBuilder = cameraDevice.createCaptureRequest(CameraDevice.TEMPLATE_STILL_CAPTURE);
captureBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AE_MODE, CameraCharacteristics.CONTROL_AE_MODE_OFF);
captureBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_MODE, CameraCharacteristics.CONTROL_MODE_AUTO);
captureBuilder.set(CaptureRequest.SENSOR_EXPOSURE_TIME, Long.valueOf("8000000")); // 8000000 ns = 8 ms

How to get each frame data using camera2 API in Android5.0 in realtime

I am working with camera2Basic now and trying to get each frame data to do some image processing. I am using camera2 API in Android5.0, everything is fine when only doing the camera preview and it is fluid. But the preview stuck when I use the ImageReader.OnImageAvailableListener callback to get each frame data, this cause a bad User Experience.
The following is my related codes:
This is the setup for camera and ImageReader, I set the format of image is YUV_420_888
public<T> Size setUpCameraOutputs(CameraManager cameraManager,Class<T> kClass, int width, int height) {
boolean flagSuccess = true;
try {
for (String cameraId : cameraManager.getCameraIdList()) {
CameraCharacteristics characteristics = cameraManager.getCameraCharacteristics(cameraId);
// choose the front or back camera
if (FLAG_CAMERA.BACK_CAMERA == mChosenCamera &&
CameraCharacteristics.LENS_FACING_BACK != characteristics.get(CameraCharacteristics.LENS_FACING)) {
continue;
}
if (FLAG_CAMERA.FRONT_CAMERA == mChosenCamera &&
CameraCharacteristics.LENS_FACING_FRONT != characteristics.get(CameraCharacteristics.LENS_FACING)) {
continue;
}
StreamConfigurationMap map = characteristics.get(
CameraCharacteristics.SCALER_STREAM_CONFIGURATION_MAP);
Size largestSize = Collections.max(
Arrays.asList(map.getOutputSizes(ImageFormat.YUV_420_888)),
new CompareSizesByArea());
mImageReader = ImageReader.newInstance(largestSize.getWidth(), largestSize.getHeight(),
ImageFormat.YUV_420_888, 3);
mImageReader.setOnImageAvailableListener(mOnImageAvailableListener, mBackgroundHandler);
...
mCameraId = cameraId;
}
} catch (CameraAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
}
......
}
When the camera opened successfully, I Create a CameraCaptureSession for camera preview
private void createCameraPreviewSession() {
if (null == mTexture) {
return;
}
// We configure the size of default buffer to be the size of camera preview we want.
mTexture.setDefaultBufferSize(mPreviewSize.getWidth(), mPreviewSize.getHeight());
// This is the output Surface we need to start preview
Surface surface = new Surface(mTexture);
// We set up a CaptureRequest.Builder with the output Surface.
try {
mPreviewRequestBuilder =
mCameraDevice.createCaptureRequest(CameraDevice.TEMPLATE_PREVIEW);
mPreviewRequestBuilder.addTarget(mImageReader.getSurface());
mPreviewRequestBuilder.addTarget(surface);
// We create a CameraCaptureSession for camera preview
mCameraDevice.createCaptureSession(Arrays.asList(surface, mImageReader.getSurface()),
new CameraCaptureSession.StateCallback() {
#Override
public void onConfigured(CameraCaptureSession session) {
if (null == mCameraDevice) {
return;
}
// when the session is ready, we start displaying the preview
mCaptureSession = session;
// Finally, we start displaying the camera preview
mPreviewRequest = mPreviewRequestBuilder.build();
try {
mCaptureSession.setRepeatingRequest(mPreviewRequest,
mCaptureCallback, mBackgroundHandler);
} catch (CameraAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
#Override
public void onConfigureFailed(CameraCaptureSession session) {
}
}, null);
} catch (CameraAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
The last is the ImageReader.OnImageAvailableListener callback
private final ImageReader.OnImageAvailableListener mOnImageAvailableListener = new ImageReader.OnImageAvailableListener() {
#Override
public void onImageAvailable(ImageReader reader) {
Log.d(TAG, "The onImageAvailable thread id: " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
Image readImage = reader.acquireLatestImage();
readImage.close();
}
};
Maybe I do the wrong setup but I try several times and it doesn't work. Maybe there is another way to get frame data rather than ImageReader but I don't know.
Anybody knows how to get each frame data in realtime?

I do not believe that Chen is correct. The image format has almost 0 effect on the speed on the devices I have tested. Instead, the problem seems to be with the image size. On an Xperia Z3 Compact with the image format YUV_420_888, I am offered a bunch of different options in the StreamConfigurationMap's getOutputSizes method:
[1600x1200, 1280x720, 960x720, 720x480, 640x480, 480x320, 320x240, 176x144]
For these respective sizes, the maximum fps I get when setting mImageReader.getSurface() as a target for the mPreviewRequestBuilder are:
[13, 18, 25, 28, 30, 30, 30, 30 ]
So one solution is to use a lower resolution to achieve the rate you want. For the curious... note that these timings do not seem to be affected by the line
mPreviewRequestBuilder.addTarget(surface);
...
mCameraDevice.createCaptureSession(Arrays.asList(surface, mImageReader.getSurface()),
I was worried that adding the surface on the screen might be adding overhead, but if I remove that first line and change the second to
mCameraDevice.createCaptureSession(Arrays.asList(mImageReader.getSurface()),
then I see the timings change by less than 1 fps. So it doesn't seem to matter whether you are also displaying the image on the screen.
I think there is simply some overhead in the camera2 API or ImageReader's framework that makes it impossible to get the full rate that the TextureView is clearly getting.
One of the most disappointing things of all is that, if you switch back to the deprecated Camera API, you can easily get 30 fps by setting up a PreviewCallback via the Camera.setPreviewCallbackWithBuffer method. With that method, I am able to get 30fps regardless of the resolution. Specifically, although it does not offer me 1600x1200 directly, it does offer 1920x1080, and even that is 30fps.

I'm trying the same things, I think you may change the Format like
mImageReader = ImageReader.newInstance(largestSize.getWidth(),
largestSize.getHeight(),
ImageFormat.FLEX_RGB_888, 3);
Because using the YUV may cause CPU to compress the data and it may cost some time. RGB can be directly showed on the device. And detect face from image should put in other Thread you must know it.