Develop Reference

How to get access to External Storage (The removable SD Card) in android?

I've been trying to get access to Internal and External SD Card in android. I've tried many codes available in StackOverFlow but doesn't work on most or all Android versions. Then, I found two solutions. One which works on Kitkat & above, another one which works on lower than Kitkat. I tried to merge both of them and it works!
If anyone has better solution than this, please share.

These two answers are what I merged to get it working.
How to get SD_Card path in android6.0 programmatically
Find an external SD card location
Here's the solution,
Add this line of code in AndroidManifest.xml to get permission from Android to read external storages.
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
Now, add this class to your project.
public class StoragePath {
File[] getExternalFilesDirs;
/**
* Constructor for KitKat & above
* #param getExternalFilesDirs
*/
public StoragePath(File[] getExternalFilesDirs) {
this.getExternalFilesDirs = getExternalFilesDirs;
}
/**
* Constructor for lower than Kitkat
*
*/
public StoragePath() {
}
public String[] getDeviceStorages() {
List<String> results = new ArrayList<>();
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) { //Method 1 for KitKat & above
File[] externalDirs = getExternalFilesDirs;
for (File file : externalDirs) {
String path = file.getPath().split("/Android")[0];
boolean addPath = false;
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {
addPath = Environment.isExternalStorageRemovable(file);
} else {
addPath = Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(EnvironmentCompat.getStorageState(file));
}
if (addPath) {
results.add(path);
}
}
}
if (results.isEmpty()) { //Method 2 for all versions
final List<String> out = new ArrayList<>();
String reg = "(?i).*vold.*(vfat|ntfs|exfat|fat32|ext3|ext4).*rw.*";
String s = "";
try {
final Process process = new ProcessBuilder().command("mount")
.redirectErrorStream(true).start();
process.waitFor();
final InputStream is = process.getInputStream();
final byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
while (is.read(buffer) != -1) {
s = s + new String(buffer);
}
is.close();
} catch (final Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// parse output
final String[] lines = s.split("\n");
for (String line : lines) {
if (!line.toLowerCase(Locale.US).contains("asec")) {
if (line.matches(reg)) {
String[] parts = line.split(" ");
for (String part : parts) {
if (part.startsWith("/"))
if (!part.toLowerCase(Locale.US).contains("vold"))
out.add(part);
}
}
}
}
results.addAll(out);
}
//Below few lines is to remove paths which may not be external memory card, like OTG (feel free to comment them out)
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
for (int i = 0; i < results.size(); i++) {
if (!results.get(i).toLowerCase().matches(".*[0-9a-f]{4}[-][0-9a-f]{4}")) {
Log.d("Tag", results.get(i) + " might not be extSDcard");
results.remove(i--);
}
}
} else {
for (int i = 0; i < results.size(); i++) {
if (!results.get(i).toLowerCase().contains("ext") && !results.get(i).toLowerCase().contains("sdcard")) {
Log.d("Tag", results.get(i) + " might not be extSDcard");
results.remove(i--);
}
}
}
//Get path to the Internal Storage aka ExternalStorageDirectory
final String internalStoragePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath();
results.add(0, internalStoragePath);
String[] storageDirectories = new String[results.size()];
for (int i = 0; i < results.size(); ++i) storageDirectories[i] = results.get(i);
return storageDirectories;
}
}
Now to use this class,
StoragePath storagePath;
if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {
storagePath = new StoragePath(getExternalFilesDirs(null));
}else {
storagePath = new StoragePath();
}
String[] storages;
storages = storagePath.getDeviceStorages();
String array storages now contains the path of the storages.

Get all storages and devices with their names android

I already found out how to get all storages with either of these answers: with proc/mounts and with mount command, but now I want to put a name on the paths returned. I have no problem with Internal Storage, however these methods can't distinguish between a SD card and a USB stick. If it sees two drives connected how can I be sure which one is the SD Card and which is the USB, or are they two SD Cards? Or two USB drives?

I found part of the solution, however I won't get any farther because it's getting complicated and this is not the main feature of my app anyway.
public static class Storage extends File {
public static final int INTERNAL_STORAGE = 1;
public static final int SD_CARD = 2;
public static final int USB_DRIVE = 3;
public String name;
public int type;
public Storage(String path, String name, int type) {
super(path);
this.name = name;
this.type = type;
}
}
public static ArrayList<Storage> getStorages(Context context) {
ArrayList<Storage> storages = new ArrayList<>();
// Internal storage
storages.add(new Storage(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath(),
"Internal Storage", Storage.INTERNAL_STORAGE));
// SD Cards
ArrayList<File> extStorages = new ArrayList<>();
extStorages.addAll(Arrays.asList(context.getExternalFilesDirs(null)));
extStorages.remove(0); // Remove internal storage
String secondaryStoragePath = System.getenv("SECONDARY_STORAGE");
for (int i = 0; i < extStorages.size(); i++) {
String path = extStorages.get(i).getPath().split("/Android")[0];
if (Environment.isExternalStorageRemovable(extStorages.get(i)) || secondaryStoragePath != null && secondaryStoragePath.contains(path)) {
String name = "SD Card" + (i == 0 ? "" : " " + String.valueOf(i+1));
storages.add(new Storage(path, name, Storage.SD_CARD));
}
}
// USB Drives
ArrayList<String> drives = new ArrayList<>();
String reg = "(?i).*vold.*(vfat|ntfs|exfat|fat32|ext3|ext4).*rw.*";
String s = "";
try {
final Process process = new ProcessBuilder().command("mount")
.redirectErrorStream(true).start();
process.waitFor();
final InputStream is = process.getInputStream();
final byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
while (is.read(buffer) != -1) {
s += new String(buffer);
}
is.close();
} catch (final Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
final String[] lines = s.split("\n");
for (String line : lines) {
if (!line.toLowerCase(Locale.US).contains("asec") && line.matches(reg)) {
String[] parts = line.split(" ");
for (String path : parts) {
if (path.startsWith(File.separator) && !path.toLowerCase(Locale.US).contains("vold")) {
drives.add(path);
}
}
}
}
// Remove SD Cards from found drives (already found)
ArrayList<String> ids = new ArrayList<>();
for (Storage st : storages) {
String[] parts = st.getPath().split(File.separator);
ids.add(parts[parts.length-1]);
}
for (int i = drives.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
String[] parts = drives.get(i).split(File.separator);
String id = parts[parts.length-1];
if (ids.contains(id)) drives.remove(i);
}
// Get USB Drive name
UsbManager usbManager = (UsbManager) context.getSystemService(Context.USB_SERVICE);
Collection<UsbDevice> dList = usbManager.getDeviceList().values();
ArrayList<UsbDevice> deviceList = new ArrayList<>();
deviceList.addAll(dList);
for (int i = 0; i < deviceList.size(); i++) {
storages.add(new Storage(drives.get(i), deviceList.get(i).getProductName(), Storage.USB_DRIVE));
}
return storages;
}
Find internal storage
Find all SD Cards
Find all external drives, then remove SD Cards from them, because they were already found. The point of this is to separate SD Cards from USB devices.
I didn't test this with any other device than mine, it won't likely work for every device. Also it is possible that keyboards or mouses counts as connected devices and that will screw up the whole thing.

How to get SD_Card path in android6.0 programmatically

I am trying to check whether device having external storage or not by using external storage path like this given below
if (new File("/ext_card/").exists()) {
specialPath = "/ext_card/";
} else if (new File("/mnt/sdcard/external_sd/").exists()) {
specialPath = "/mnt/sdcard/external_sd/";
} else if (new File("/storage/extSdCard/").exists()) {
specialPath = "/storage/extSdCard/";
} else if (new File("/mnt/extSdCard/").exists()) {
specialPath = "/mnt/extSdCard/";
} else if (new File("/mnt/sdcard/external_sd/").exists()) {
specialPath = "/mnt/sdcard/external_sd/";
} else if (new File("storage/sdcard1/").exists()) {
specialPath = "storage/sdcard1/";
}
But in marshmallow I con't find this path and while checking using ES FILEMANAGER, they give like storage/3263-3131 in Moto G 3rd generation. While check in other marshmallow devices that numbers getting differ. Please help me to check that marshmallow device have external storage or not? and if storage found means how to get the path of that external storage?
Note:- I gave permission for storage in my application and also enabled storage permission in settings for my app.
Thanks in advance and did you find any mistake in my question please crt it. thank you again.

Here's my solution, which is guaranteed to work till Android 7.0 Nougat:
/* returns external storage paths (directory of external memory card) as array of Strings */
public String[] getExternalStorageDirectories() {
List<String> results = new ArrayList<>();
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) { //Method 1 for KitKat & above
File[] externalDirs = getExternalFilesDirs(null);
String internalRoot = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath().toLowerCase();
for (File file : externalDirs) {
if(file==null) //solved NPE on some Lollipop devices
continue;
String path = file.getPath().split("/Android")[0];
if(path.toLowerCase().startsWith(internalRoot))
continue;
boolean addPath = false;
if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {
addPath = Environment.isExternalStorageRemovable(file);
}
else{
addPath = Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(EnvironmentCompat.getStorageState(file));
}
if(addPath){
results.add(path);
}
}
}
if(results.isEmpty()) { //Method 2 for all versions
// better variation of: http://stackoverflow.com/a/40123073/5002496
String output = "";
try {
final Process process = new ProcessBuilder().command("mount | grep /dev/block/vold")
.redirectErrorStream(true).start();
process.waitFor();
final InputStream is = process.getInputStream();
final byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
while (is.read(buffer) != -1) {
output = output + new String(buffer);
}
is.close();
} catch (final Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if(!output.trim().isEmpty()) {
String devicePoints[] = output.split("\n");
for(String voldPoint: devicePoints) {
results.add(voldPoint.split(" ")[2]);
}
}
}
//Below few lines is to remove paths which may not be external memory card, like OTG (feel free to comment them out)
if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
for (int i = 0; i < results.size(); i++) {
if (!results.get(i).toLowerCase().matches(".*[0-9a-f]{4}[-][0-9a-f]{4}")) {
Log.d(LOG_TAG, results.get(i) + " might not be extSDcard");
results.remove(i--);
}
}
} else {
for (int i = 0; i < results.size(); i++) {
if (!results.get(i).toLowerCase().contains("ext") && !results.get(i).toLowerCase().contains("sdcard")) {
Log.d(LOG_TAG, results.get(i)+" might not be extSDcard");
results.remove(i--);
}
}
}
String[] storageDirectories = new String[results.size()];
for(int i=0; i<results.size(); ++i) storageDirectories[i] = results.get(i);
return storageDirectories;
}

I found the solution for this over here https://stackoverflow.com/a/13648873/842607
The code is -
public static HashSet<String> getExternalMounts() {
final HashSet<String> out = new HashSet<String>();
String reg = "(?i).*vold.*(vfat|ntfs|exfat|fat32|ext3|ext4).*rw.*";
String s = "";
try {
final Process process = new ProcessBuilder().command("mount")
.redirectErrorStream(true).start();
process.waitFor();
final InputStream is = process.getInputStream();
final byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
while (is.read(buffer) != -1) {
s = s + new String(buffer);
}
is.close();
} catch (final Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// parse output
final String[] lines = s.split("\n");
for (String line : lines) {
if (!line.toLowerCase(Locale.US).contains("asec")) {
if (line.matches(reg)) {
String[] parts = line.split(" ");
for (String part : parts) {
if (part.startsWith("/"))
if (!part.toLowerCase(Locale.US).contains("vold"))
out.add(part);
}
}
}
}
return out;
}
The other one is the hack which I found from the same page -
private static final Pattern DIR_SEPORATOR = Pattern.compile("/");
/**
* Raturns all available SD-Cards in the system (include emulated)
*
* Warning: Hack! Based on Android source code of version 4.3 (API 18)
* Because there is no standart way to get it.
* TODO: Test on future Android versions 4.4+
*
* #return paths to all available SD-Cards in the system (include emulated)
*/
public static String[] getStorageDirectories()
{
// Final set of paths
final Set<String> rv = new HashSet<String>();
// Primary physical SD-CARD (not emulated)
final String rawExternalStorage = System.getenv("EXTERNAL_STORAGE");
// All Secondary SD-CARDs (all exclude primary) separated by ":"
final String rawSecondaryStoragesStr = System.getenv("SECONDARY_STORAGE");
// Primary emulated SD-CARD
final String rawEmulatedStorageTarget = System.getenv("EMULATED_STORAGE_TARGET");
if(TextUtils.isEmpty(rawEmulatedStorageTarget))
{
// Device has physical external storage; use plain paths.
if(TextUtils.isEmpty(rawExternalStorage))
{
// EXTERNAL_STORAGE undefined; falling back to default.
rv.add("/storage/sdcard0");
}
else
{
rv.add(rawExternalStorage);
}
}
else
{
// Device has emulated storage; external storage paths should have
// userId burned into them.
final String rawUserId;
if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR1)
{
rawUserId = "";
}
else
{
final String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath();
final String[] folders = DIR_SEPORATOR.split(path);
final String lastFolder = folders[folders.length - 1];
boolean isDigit = false;
try
{
Integer.valueOf(lastFolder);
isDigit = true;
}
catch(NumberFormatException ignored)
{
}
rawUserId = isDigit ? lastFolder : "";
}
// /storage/emulated/0[1,2,...]
if(TextUtils.isEmpty(rawUserId))
{
rv.add(rawEmulatedStorageTarget);
}
else
{
rv.add(rawEmulatedStorageTarget + File.separator + rawUserId);
}
}
// Add all secondary storages
if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(rawSecondaryStoragesStr))
{
// All Secondary SD-CARDs splited into array
final String[] rawSecondaryStorages = rawSecondaryStoragesStr.split(File.pathSeparator);
Collections.addAll(rv, rawSecondaryStorages);
}
return rv.toArray(new String[rv.size()]);
}

This library solve my problem.
https://github.com/hendrawd/StorageUtil
What i did is:
private File directory;
String[] allPath;
allPath = StorageUtil.getStorageDirectories(this);
for (String path: allPath){
directory = new File(path);
Methods.update_Directory_Files(directory);
}
Methods.update_Directory_Files()
// Retrieving files from memory
public static void update_Directory_Files(File directory) {
//Get all file in storage
File[] fileList = directory.listFiles();
//check storage is empty or not
if(fileList != null && fileList.length > 0)
{
for (int i=0; i<fileList.length; i++)
{
boolean restricted_directory = false;
//check file is directory or other file
if(fileList[i].isDirectory())
{
for (String path : Constant.removePath){
if (path.equals(fileList[i].getPath())) {
restricted_directory = true;
break;
}
}
if (!restricted_directory)
update_Directory_Files(fileList[i]);
}
else
{
String name = fileList[i].getName().toLowerCase();
for (String ext : Constant.videoExtensions){
//Check the type of file
if(name.endsWith(ext))
{
//first getVideoDuration
String videoDuration = Methods.getVideoDuration(fileList[i]);
long playbackPosition;
long percentage = C.TIME_UNSET;
FilesInfo.fileState state;
/*First check video already played or not. If not then state is NEW
* else load playback position and calculate percentage of it and assign it*/
//check it if already exist or not if yes then start from there else start from start position
int existIndex = -1;
for (int j = 0; j < Constant.filesPlaybackHistory.size(); j++) {
String fListName = fileList[i].getName();
String fPlaybackHisName = Constant.filesPlaybackHistory.get(j).getFileName();
if (fListName.equals(fPlaybackHisName)) {
existIndex = j;
break;
}
}
try {
if (existIndex != -1) {
//if true that means file is not new
state = FilesInfo.fileState.NOT_NEW;
//set playbackPercentage not playbackPosition
MediaMetadataRetriever retriever = new MediaMetadataRetriever();
retriever.setDataSource(fileList[i].getPath());
String time = retriever.extractMetadata(MediaMetadataRetriever.METADATA_KEY_DURATION);
retriever.release();
int duration = Integer.parseInt(time);
playbackPosition = Constant.filesPlaybackHistory.get(existIndex).getPlaybackPosition();
if (duration > 0)
percentage = 1000L * playbackPosition / duration;
else
percentage = C.TIME_UNSET;
}
else
state = FilesInfo.fileState.NEW;
//playbackPosition have value in percentage
Constant.allMemoryVideoList.add(new FilesInfo(fileList[i],
directory,videoDuration, state, percentage));
//directory portion
currentDirectory = directory.getPath();
unique_directory = true;
for(int j=0; j<directoryList.size(); j++)
{
if((directoryList.get(j).toString()).equals(currentDirectory)){
unique_directory = false;
}
}
if(unique_directory){
directoryList.add(directory);
}
//When we found extension from videoExtension array we will break it.
break;
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
Constant.allMemoryVideoList.add(new FilesInfo(fileList[i],
directory,videoDuration, FilesInfo.fileState.NOT_NEW, C.TIME_UNSET));
}
}
}
}
}
}
Constant.directoryList = directoryList;
}

in this i have redmi note prime 2.and i have no memory card.so when i found path and File[] externalDirs = getExternalFilesDirs(null); give null second postion value of file[].
}

How to get path to Storage directory in android

Is there any method to get /storage/ directory. I tried with Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() but it returns /storage/emulated/0 i know i can use file.getParent() but for some reason i cant use that. I just want a straight path to /storage/ directory using some function... Thanks in advance.

You can't and should not access that directory normally. But it seems you need more control on storage locations are available to your device.
For that you can use this,
public List<String> getStorageDirectories() {
// Final set of paths
final ArrayList<String> finalPaths = new ArrayList<String>();
// Must add the ROOT directory
finalPaths.add("/");
// Primary physical SD-CARD (not emulated)
final String rawExternalStorage = System.getenv("EXTERNAL_STORAGE");
// All Secondary SD-CARDs (all exclude primary) separated by ":"
final String rawSecondaryStoragesStr = System.getenv("SECONDARY_STORAGE");
// Primary emulated SD-CARD
final String rawEmulatedStorageTarget = System.getenv("EMULATED_STORAGE_TARGET");
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(rawEmulatedStorageTarget)) {
// Device has physical external storage; use plain paths.
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(rawExternalStorage)) {
// EXTERNAL_STORAGE undefined; falling back to default.
finalPaths.add("/storage/sdcard0");
} else {
finalPaths.add(rawExternalStorage);
}
} else {
// Device has emulated storage; external storage paths should have
// userId burned into them.
final String rawUserId;
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR1) {
rawUserId = "";
} else {
final String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath();
final String[] folders = DIR_SEPARATOR.split(path);
final String lastFolder = folders[folders.length - 1];
boolean isDigit = false;
try {
Integer.valueOf(lastFolder);
isDigit = true;
} catch (NumberFormatException ignored) {
}
rawUserId = isDigit ? lastFolder : "";
}
// /storage/emulated/0[1,2,...]
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(rawUserId)) {
finalPaths.add(rawEmulatedStorageTarget);
} else {
finalPaths.add(rawEmulatedStorageTarget + File.separator + rawUserId);
}
}
// Add all secondary storages
if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(rawSecondaryStoragesStr)) {
// All Secondary SD-CARDs splited into array
final String[] rawSecondaryStorages = rawSecondaryStoragesStr.split(File.pathSeparator);
Collections.addAll(finalPaths, rawSecondaryStorages);
}
File usb = getUsbDrive();
if (usb != null && !finalPaths.contains(usb.getPath()))
finalPaths.add(usb.getPath());
return finalPaths;
}
And here is the method to get the USB drive attached to your device,
public File getUsbDrive() {
File parent;
parent = new File("/storage");
try {
for (File f : parent.listFiles()) {
if (f.exists() && f.getName().toLowerCase().contains("usb") && f.canExecute()) {
return f;
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
}
parent = new File("/mnt/sdcard/usbStorage");
if (parent.exists() && parent.canExecute())
return (parent);
parent = new File("/mnt/sdcard/usb_storage");
if (parent.exists() && parent.canExecute())
return parent;
return null;
}
But remember that this is not an official way but a hack, so use it at your own risk.

Check whether the SD card is available or not programmatically in android

Though i got so many post but problem is that
it return true if phone has inbuild storage.
Anyone for help me

Below code will helps...
/**
* Returns all available external SD-Card roots in the system.
*
* #return paths to all available external SD-Card roots in the system.
*/
public static String[] getStorageDirectories() {
String[] storageDirectories;
String rawSecondaryStoragesStr = System.getenv("SECONDARY_STORAGE");
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {
List<String> results = new ArrayList<String>();
File[] externalDirs = myContext.getExternalFilesDirs(null);
for (File file : externalDirs) {
String path = null;
try {
path = file.getPath().split("/Android")[0];
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
path = null;
}
if (path != null) {
if ((Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP && Environment.isExternalStorageRemovable(file))
|| rawSecondaryStoragesStr != null && rawSecondaryStoragesStr.contains(path)) {
results.add(path);
}
}
}
storageDirectories = results.toArray(new String[0]);
} else {
final Set<String> rv = new HashSet<String>();
if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(rawSecondaryStoragesStr)) {
final String[] rawSecondaryStorages = rawSecondaryStoragesStr.split(File.pathSeparator);
Collections.addAll(rv, rawSecondaryStorages);
}
storageDirectories = rv.toArray(new String[rv.size()]);
}
return storageDirectories;
}
//To check external SD is available or not
String retArray[] = getStorageDirectories();
if (retArray.length == 0) {
Toast.makeText(ListenActivity.this, "Sdcard not Exists", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
} else {
for (int i = 0; i < retArray.length; i++) {
Log.e("path ", retArray[i]);
}
}