I am creating my first app with android studio and this is my first problem:
I want to try the ConstraintLayout. I have built the layout with a ConstraintLayout with the Design Editor (clicking it together). When i try the layout in Android Emulator, all Buttons have moved in the left upper corner :(
Except the "Hello World" Label which was generated automatically when i created my first project.
The difference between the Label and the Button is, that some code lines beginning with app:layout_constraint.... are missing. You can see it in Code.
What am I doing wrong, or is it a bug?
I would be glad for an answer! :)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="com.example.u0017007.coffeecounter.MainActivity">
<TextView
android:layout_width="136dp"
android:layout_height="30dp"
android:text="Hello World!"
android:textSize="24sp"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.234" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/buttonAddCoffee"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:freezesText="false"
android:text="#string/add_coffee"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteX="16dp"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="231dp" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/buttonRemoveCoffee"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="#string/remove_coffee"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteX="236dp"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="231dp" />
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>
tools:layout_editor_absoluteX and tools:layout_editor_absoluteY are only used for preview, like all tools:XXXX.
You need to add constraints to your view. You can add in the XML or you can do it with the visual editor.
There is a very good website that explain all about ConstraintsLayout.
By the way, Android Studio warm you with a error This view is not constrained, it only has designtime positions, so it will jump to (0,0) unless you add constraints if you don't set constraints.
It seems from the above code that, you didn't added any constraints to buttons thats why they moved to left upper corner.
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<TextView
android:layout_width="136dp"
android:layout_height="30dp"
android:text="Hello World!"
android:textSize="24sp"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.234" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/buttonAddCoffee"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:freezesText="false"
android:text="ADD coffee"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
android:layout_marginTop="276dp"
app:layout_constraintRight_toLeftOf="#+id/buttonRemoveCoffee"
android:layout_marginRight="82dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="24dp"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="1.0" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/buttonRemoveCoffee"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="remove coffee"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
android:layout_marginTop="276dp"
android:layout_marginRight="24dp"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent" />
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>
Please refer to bellow link -
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z53Ed0ddxgM
tools:layout_editor_absoluteX="236dp"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="231dp"
These are used by studio to render in Graphic editor only. During run time,
as constraints are not set, the views take default position(0,0).
Try setting some constraints on buttons and procedd
Related
The preview looks fine, but the app runs differently. In the layout inspector, there is simply nothing where this weird white space is. It seems to be a problem with ConstraintLayout + ViewPager. I had the same issue in three places, all with same ViewPager, 0dp vertical size setup. I have solved by converting ConstraintLayouts into LinearLayouts. But the question is why do I need to regress to a LinearLayout? I originally wrote the UI with ConstraintLayout, and ViewPager, it was fine. Somewhere along the way, without touching the code, things turned weird and this blank space showed up. As if something in Android UI rendering changed under the hood. Anyone have any idea what it is, or how to solve while keeping a ConstraintLayout?
Here is the layout inspector image of the app running on a device. I have clearly marked the problematic white space with my mouse calligraphy skills.
Here is the layout preview for the following xml code, note UI elements fill the screen, no white space after the bottom toolbar in this view, unlike live app. Don't mind the colour difference, the app changes colours at run time.
fragment_layout.xml (Between green and marked blank space in live app image, the rest of UI is from activity, but I know that's not the problem, so won't add the xml for that)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".ui.order.OrderBuildFragment"
>
<com.google.android.material.tabs.TabLayout
android:id="#+id/order_tabs"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
app:tabMode="fixed"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="#+id/order_viewpager"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"/>
<androidx.viewpager.widget.ViewPager
android:id="#+id/order_viewpager"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:background="#android:color/white"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="#id/order_tabs"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="#id/build_order_bottom_toolbar"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent">
</androidx.viewpager.widget.ViewPager>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
android:id="#+id/build_order_bottom_toolbar"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="#id/order_viewpager"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
android:background="?attr/colorPrimary"
>
<TextView
android:id="#+id/order_service_point_spinner_label"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="#string/service_point"
android:textColor="#color/white"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="#id/order_toolbar_service_point_spinner"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="#id/build_order_guideline_service_point_and_action_buttons"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
/>
<androidx.appcompat.widget.AppCompatSpinner
android:id="#+id/order_toolbar_service_point_spinner"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="#id/build_order_guideline_service_point_and_action_buttons"
app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="#id/order_service_point_spinner_label"
android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"/>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.Guideline
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="#+id/build_order_guideline_service_point_and_action_buttons"
app:layout_constraintGuide_percent="0.5"
/>
<TextView
android:id="#+id/order_textView_price"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
android:text="#{#string/currency_symbol + viewModel.price}"
android:textColor="#color/white"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="#id/order_toolbar_button_more"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="#id/build_order_guideline_service_point_and_action_buttons"
tools:text="$999.99"
/>
<Button
android:id="#+id/order_toolbar_button_more"
style="?android:attr/borderlessButtonStyle"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:onClick="moreButtonAction"
android:text="#string/more"
android:textColor="#color/white"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="#id/order_toolbar_button_send"
app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="#id/order_textView_price"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="#id/build_order_guideline_service_point_and_action_buttons"/>
<Button
android:id="#+id/order_toolbar_button_send"
style="?android:attr/borderlessButtonStyle"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:onClick="sendButtonAction"
android:text="#{viewModel.sendButtonText}"
android:textColor="#color/white"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="#id/order_toolbar_button_more"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="#+id/build_order_guideline_service_point_and_action_buttons"
tools:text="#string/send"/>
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
<androidx.core.widget.ContentLoadingProgressBar
android:id="#+id/build_order_progress_bar"
style="?android:attr/progressBarStyle"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:visibility="#{safeUnbox(viewModel.loading)}"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
/>
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
</layout>
My Linear layout solution simply included replacing ConstraintLayout with a LinearLayout, removing all constraints from child elements and adding orientation: "vertical" (of course) plus putting layout_weight: 1 in the ViewPager element. If that helps anyone.
My guess is that you are using androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:2.0.0-beta2.
This specific version is known to cause issues like this.
Update to the latest version ('androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:2.0.0-beta6' at the time of writing).
I'm designing my constraint layout using XML.
I have an OpenSansBTextView and I need my text to be centered in it. It's centered horizontally, and not centered vertically. I don't know why. Here is my xml file. Can you see my mistake?
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#color/colorAccent"
android:id="#+id/dashboard">
<com.doyousonder.android.utils.RochesterTextView
android:id="#+id/YourActivity"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
android:layout_marginStart="25dp"
app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.34"
android:text="#string/YourActivity"
android:textColor="#color/colorPrimaryMoreDark"
android:textSize="23sp" />
<com.doyousonder.android.utils.OpenSansRTextView
android:id="#+id/YouVoted"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="#+id/YourActivity"
android:layout_marginTop="15dp"
android:layout_marginStart="20dp"
android:text="#string/YouVoted"
android:textColor="#color/colorPrimaryMoreDark"
android:textSize="15sp" />
<com.doyousonder.android.utils.OpenSansSBTextView
android:id="#+id/VoteCount"
android:layout_width="29dp"
android:layout_height="35dp"
app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="#+id/YouVoted"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="#+id/YouVoted"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="#+id/YouVoted"
android:layout_marginStart="5dp"
android:background="#drawable/more_curved_edge_button_button_primarycolor_background"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="1"
android:textAlignment="center"
android:textSize="25sp" />
You haven't provided much code to work with, i.e what is the youVoted variable. I'm assuming youvoted is your parent layout
I think you're issue comes with how you set up your constraints. Try these instead
...other layout info
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="#+id/YouVoted"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="#+id/YouVoted"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="#+id/YouVoted"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="#+id/YouVoted"/>
Explanation
I believe the mistake is you made is stating your textview should start at the end of your youvoted layout instead of saying it should start at the start of the youvoted layout.
change app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="#+id/YouVoted" to app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="#+id/YouVoted"
also add an end constraint.
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="#+id/YouVoted"
I am new to Android Studio, when I created my app all my elements overlapped on each other. I am not sure how to edit this code. Please give me a detailed description.
Layout editor and emulator result
Code for the layout
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout
xmlns:android="schemas.android.com/apk/res/android";
xmlns:app="schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto";
xmlns:tools="schemas.android.com/tools";
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="com.example.first.anew.MainActivity">
<TextView
android:layout_width="216dp"
android:layout_height="60dp"
android:text="Hello World!"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="16dp"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteX="61dp" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/button"
android:layout_width="100dp"
android:layout_height="45dp"
android:text="Login"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="343dp"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteX="177dp" />
<TextView
android:id="#+id/textView"
android:layout_width="215dp"
android:layout_height="65dp"
android:text="username"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="117dp"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteX="61dp" />
<android.support.constraint.Guideline
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="#+id/guideline"
app:layout_constraintGuide_begin="20dp"
android:orientation="horizontal" />
<EditText
android:id="#+id/editText"
android:layout_width="217dp"
android:layout_height="57dp"
android:ems="10"
android:inputType="textPassword"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="218dp"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteX="61dp" />
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>
Your emulator screen and the layout editor are different because of tools namespace. In a few words, it is a tool that helps you to better visualise the written code. This tool also generates constraints like tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="343dp", which inform the layout editor on how it should draw the views. The problem is that this constraints will not be present in your app code, resulting in that weird behaviour when all views are overlapped (since the above mentioned constraints are not used in the app code we can deduct that there are no constraint at all).
Since you are a beginner I would recommend to start with a LinearLayout or RelativeLayout because I think that ConstraintLayout is harder to understand, use and debug.
put the whole code. if you are using Relativelayout, this will happen. change it to Linearlayout at the top i mean the bottom most element, and put orientation as vertical
see this - for me my soltion works...
add this in xml to the button etc
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.57"
then play with it in the design.
Good luck! :)
you can click the infer Constraints buttonclick on this
and run your programme again..it will solve your problem
I have two views which have to be placed next to each other horizontally and they need to occupy 50% of the space.
This can be done via guidelines easily.
But the issue is that each of the views has to be able to move to take the space of the other view in case the other view is gone.
This is not possible via guidelines but possible when chains are used.
But the issue with the chain is that i am not able to make sure both (when both are visible) take up 50% of the total width horizontal areas assigned to them.
Could someone please see what the issue is with the code below:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:background="#color/dark_background"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:padding="15dp"
tools:layout_width="500dp"
tools:layout_height="300dp"
>
<!--<android.support.constraint.Guideline-->
<!--android:id="#+id/guideline"-->
<!--android:layout_width="0dp"-->
<!--android:layout_height="0dp"-->
<!--android:orientation="vertical"-->
<!--app:layout_constraintLeft_toRightOf="#id/title"-->
<!--app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="#id/title"-->
<!--app:layout_constraintGuide_percent="0.5"-->
<!--/>-->
<TextView
android:id="#+id/title"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="0dp"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintRight_toLeftOf="#+id/image"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="#+id/ic_share"
android:ellipsize="marquee"
android:maxLines="4"
android:textSize="20sp"
android:textColor="#000000"
android:text="This is a test content title. This would be changed eventually"
/>
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/image"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:adjustViewBounds="true"
android:src="#drawable/ic_logo"
app:layout_constraintDimensionRatio="4:3"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toRightOf="#+id/title"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.0"
/>
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>
Yeah, I think that's a bug. I filed it here:
https://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=248117
I make UI of many buttons to input text by constraint layout.
For example, the following image.
But,I feel strange that android studio become very slow as I put more UIs and adaptive hook allows I set, sometimes disappear(ex.some buttons' allow disapper head row above image).It should use very large memory and I guess free memory to calculate position and re-render UI.
Can I avoid this situation? or Alternative way to make same UI using another layout. I'm very nervous for this problem because I can't understand the best way to make grid flexible-scaling UI.Any tips will help me.
I could solve the problem using grid layout enclosing the buttons nested constraint view and it seem best way that relative positioning UI.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<EditText
android:layout_width="456dp"
android:layout_height="64dp"
android:inputType="textPersonName"
android:text="Name"
android:ems="10"
android:id="#+id/editText"
android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
android:layout_marginStart="16dp"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
android:layout_marginEnd="16dp"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent" />
<GridLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:columnCount="8"
android:rowCount="5"
android:useDefaultMargins="true"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
android:layout_marginBottom="32dp"
android:foregroundGravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_marginStart="16dp"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
android:layout_marginEnd="16dp"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="#+id/editText"
app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.81">
<Button
android:text="button"
android:layout_width="88dp"
android:background="#drawable/oval_btn"
android:id="#+id/str_wa"
android:layout_height="88dp"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="520dp"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteX="529dp" /> ・・・・・・
And you can place what you like.