How can I place two views depending on their width? - android

In our project we have such a case: we have two textviews (let's say, #id/text_view_1 and #id/text_view_2). We should place them horizontally (#id/text_view_1 and then #id/text_view_2) if their width combined is less than the width of their parent or vertically (text_view_2 above text_view_1) if they are too wide.
Right now the best solution I've come up with looks something like this:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="#+id/parent"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<TextView
android:id="#+id/text_view_above_2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true" />
<TextView
android:id="#+id/text_view_1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignBaseline="#+id/text_view_2_right"
android:layout_alignBottom="#+id/text_view_2_right"
android:layout_alignParentStart="true" />
<TextView
android:id="#+id/text_view_right_2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="#+id/text_view_2_above"
android:layout_toEndOf="#+id/text_view_1" />
</RelativeLayout>
Here is the logic of toggling visibility of text_views
private void toggleVisibility() {
TextView textView1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_view_1);
TextView textViewAbove2 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_view_above_2);
TextView textViewRight2 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_view_right_2);
textView1.measure(0, 0);
textViewAbove2.measure(0, 0);
textViewRight2.measure(0, 0);
View parent = findViewById(R.id.parent);
parent.measure(0, 0);
if (textView1.getMeasuredWidth() + textViewRight2.getMeasuredWidth() < parent.getMeasuredWidth()) {
textViewAbove2.setVisibility(View.GONE);
textViewRight2.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
} else {
textViewRight2.setVisibility(View.GONE);
textViewAbove2.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
}
}
Is there a solution more "beautiful" and shorter than the one I've described? I guess there is a way to do it with ConstraintLayout instead of RelativeLayout but I'm not sure.
EDIT 1: probably I have to provide the result I want to see. Here is what an activity supposed to look like if both views are short:
And here is what it should look like if views are too long:


Take a look at FlexboxLayout.
Here is a solution using FlexboxLayout:
<com.google.android.flexbox.FlexboxLayout
android:id="#+id/parent"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
app:flexWrap="wrap">
<TextView
android:id="#+id/textView1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="16dp"
android:text="This is a short string." />
<TextView
android:id="#+id/textView2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="16dp"
android:text="This is another short string." />
</com.google.android.flexbox.FlexboxLayout>
Using the same XML with a longer string for the first text view yields the following:


Solution:If you want to set TextView as per their width requirements then you will simply use LinearLayout as parent with width wrap_content and for both child TextViews also give width 'wrap_content'


try using wrap_content and put these child text views inside a parent LinearLayout , give wrap_content as width for both of the child textviews. It will place according to the content in those textviews.
If You want to put Views Horizontally --
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="#+id/parent"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<TextView
android:id="#+id/text_view1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
/>
<TextView
android:id="#+id/text_view2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
/>
</LinearLayout>
If You want to put Views Vertically --
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="#+id/parent"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:id="#+id/text_view1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
/>
<TextView
android:id="#+id/text_view2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
/>
</LinearLayout>


Try using percentagelayout . This might help. For more details provide desired output.

Related

RelativeLayout View to right of TextView

I got following simple Layout. The problem can be reproduced in the android studio designer:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<TextView
android:id="#+id/x"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerVertical="true"
android:layout_marginEnd="#dimen/margin_small"
android:layout_marginRight="#dimen/margin_small"
android:text="#string/long_string"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceSmall"/>
<CheckBox
android:id="#+id/y"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_toRightOf="#+id/x"
android:layout_toEndOf="#+id/x"
android:layout_centerVertical="true" />
</RelativeLayout>
This layout works fine if the text length of the textview is short. The checkbox is placed on the right of the textview. But if the text gets long and even wraps maybe, then the checkbox is pushed out of the view. It is not visible anymore. I would like that the checkbox is always visible on the right of the textview even, if it fills the whole width of the screen.
I tried to rewrite the layout with a LinearLayout which doesn't work either.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<TextView
android:id="#+id/x"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginEnd="#dimen/margin_small"
android:layout_marginRight="#dimen/margin_small"
android:text="#string/long_string"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceSmall"/>
<CheckBox
android:id="#+id/y"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
/>
</LinearLayout>
Do you know a trick to to achieve this with relative layout? I would somehow expect this behaviour from relative layout by default. Thanks ;)

This is working for me: make checkBox alignParentRight and make TextView toLeftOf it:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<TextView
android:id="#+id/x"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerVertical="true"
android:layout_toLeftOf="#+id/y"
android:text="This is very-very-very looooooooooooong stringgggg, very-very, long-long"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceSmall"/>
<CheckBox
android:id="#+id/y"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerVertical="true"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"/>
</RelativeLayout>
Edit. You can include this Relative Layout into other (parent) layout:
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerVertical="true"
android:gravity="left">
<TextView
android:id="#+id/x"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerVertical="true"
android:layout_toLeftOf="#+id/y"
android:text="this is veryyyyy yyyyyyyyyy yyyyyy yyy loooooo oooooooo ooon nnggggg gggg striiii iiiiin gggggg ggggg ggggggg ggg"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceSmall"/>
<CheckBox
android:id="#+id/y"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:layout_alignParentEnd="true"
android:layout_centerVertical="true" />
</RelativeLayout>
</RelativeLayout>
It's also working. If you put android:gravity="left" into Relative layout, it will locate its content on the left side.

One way out would be to put the textview and checkbox in a linear layout with orientation horizontal. Set width of checkbox to be whatever you want (a constant) and the width of textbox to be 0dp and layout_weight of 1.

You should put the property layout_weight to make your views (TextView and Checkbox) have a deff space in the screen instead of use a hard value
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<TextView
android:id="#+id/x"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="0.9"
android:layout_marginEnd="#dimen/margin_small"
android:layout_marginRight="#dimen/margin_small"
android:text="#string/long_string"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceSmall"/>
<CheckBox
android:id="#+id/y"
android:layout_weight="0.1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
/>
</LinearLayout>

I guess the desired layout is not possible by default. I tried to do this using RelativeLayout, LinearLayout and TableLayout. It is technically understandable that the these layout do not support that behaviour. The relative layout would have to explicitly respect the case that an element on the left or right is minimal visible inside the parent even it is placed to left or right. Another solution would be if the table layout would allow a column to consume the rest of the space but respects min width of other columns as well.
For my case i wrote a workaround. I used the initial relative layout of my question but set a max width to the textview using following calculation:
DisplayMetrics displaymetrics = new DisplayMetrics();
context.getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getMetrics(displaymetrics);
int displayWidth = displaymetrics.widthPixels;
That guarantees the checkbox to be visible. I know the solution could be hardly possible in scenarios where the given layout is embedded in a more complex layout.

when adding views they go one below another even if width is wrap content

I have a Linear layout then programatically I'm adding some spinners and buttons and so on, but I have xml button Wrap content (width) and then on java I add spinner (or anything else) and it goes below this view even if both views are wrap content:
progBar = new ProgressBar(this);
pBarToca = new ProgressBar(this);
pBarToca.setLayoutParams(new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(LinearLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT));
linToca = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.tetoca);
linToca.addView(pBarToca);
and it's placed under the button of xml:
<LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_marginTop="6dp"
android:id="#+id/tetoca">
<TextView style="#style/StylePartida"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="#string/te_toca_jugar" />
<Button android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="#A7E9A9" android:onClick="callJugar"
android:text="#string/jugar" />
</LinearLayout>
edit!!!!!!
I want textview on first line then on next line button + progressbar (for example)

You have android:orientation=vertical so the Views will be laid out starting at the top and going down.
If you want them to all be next to each other, remove that from your xml since the default orientation for a LinearLayout is horizontal. If you do this, you will obviously need to change the android:width to wrap_content for your TextView or else it will take up the entire screen.
After your comment, a RelativeLayout would work best here.
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
<TextView
style="#style/StylePartida"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="#string/te_toca_jugar"
android:id="#+id/tvID" /> // give it an id
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="6dp"
android:id="#+id/tetoca"
android:layout_below="#/id=tvID"> // place it below the TV
<Button android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="#A7E9A9" android:onClick="callJugar"
android:text="#string/jugar" />
</LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>
Note the changes in the comments. Now when you add your progressbar to the LL, it should be next to the Button. You may need some changes but this should give you approximately what you want.

<LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="6dp"
android:id="#+id/tetoca">
<TextView style="#style/StylePartida"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="#+id/te_toca_jugar"
android:text="#string/te_toca_jugar" />
<Button android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="#A7E9A9" android:onClick="callJugar"
android:text="#string/jugar" />
</LinearLayout>

In your textView you are matching the parent
android:layout_width="match_parent"
This will cause the textview to take up the entire width of the parent view.
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
and
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:orientation="vertical" will cause the elements to be stacked.
If you are using "horizontal" it's important not to have a child element with width matching parent.
EDIT:
After OPs change to question:
I have used a textview, two buttons and listview to give you an idea of how you can format it. There are many ways to achieve the same thing, this is one suggestion.
The internal linearlayout has a horizontal orientation (by default).
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="6dp"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="te_toca_jugar"/>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="#A7E9A9"
android:text="jugar"/>
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="#A7E9A9"
android:text="jugar2"/>
<ListView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="#+id/lv">
</ListView>
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

Elements superposed using Android RelativeLayout

I have the following Android layout
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingBottom="16dp"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<TextView
android:id="#+id/slideTitle"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginBottom="10dip"
android:padding="#dimen/px20"
android:text="#string/login_message"
android:textSize="#dimen/px25"
android:textStyle="bold" />
<TextView
android:id="#+id/slideDescription"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:drawableLeft="#drawable/password"
android:drawablePadding="#dimen/px20"
android:drawableStart="#drawable/password"
android:padding="#dimen/px20"
android:text="#string/login_message_body"
android:textSize="#dimen/px20" />
<TextView
android:id="#+id/swipeMessage"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:text="" />
</RelativeLayout>
But all the elements are positioned at the top of the screen one on top of the other, like if they didn't occupy any space.
That's not what what it seems to happen in the RelativeLayout documentation, where all elements are vertically positioned one below the other.
What's going on here?

So you need to use the id of the other components to align then properly.
For example the TextView with the id #+id/slideDescription should also have
android:layout_below="#+id/slideTitle" as one of the properties of the xml.
And the TextView with the id #+id/swipeMessage should also have
android:layout_below="#+id/slideDescription" as one of the properties of the xml.

In order to place one view below another in RelativeLayout you have to use layout_below property and set the ID of View you want to be above the specified one. But actually in order to place views vertically below each other it is more convenient to use LinearLayout with orientation set to vertical

layout_below is missed in the above xml code.I replaced the code with that please use that.
In Relative layout elemnets will be arranged relative to other elements in order to do this we should use id values of individual view elments
android:layout_below="#id/slideTitle" should be placed in description text view
android:layout_below="#id/slideDescription" should be placed in message text view
in order to get the output you desired please use the below code
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:paddingBottom="16dp" >
<TextView
android:id="#+id/slideTitle"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginBottom="10dip"
android:padding="#dimen/px20"
android:text="#string/login_message"
android:textSize="#dimen/px25"
android:textStyle="bold" />
<TextView
android:id="#+id/slideDescription"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="#id/slideTitle"
android:drawableLeft="#drawable/password"
android:drawablePadding="#dimen/px20"
android:drawableStart="#drawable/password"
android:padding="#dimen/px20"
android:text="#string/login_message_body"
android:textSize="#dimen/px20" />
<TextView
android:id="#+id/swipeMessage"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:layout_below="#id/slideDescription"
android:text="" />

RelativeLayout weight

In a layout resource XML, I have 3 RelativeLayout(s) which are inside a main RelativeLayout. The view will be shown vertically. These 3 RelativeLayout() are set next to each other, and I want them to fill the whole screen, doesnt matter what will be the screen size. My, layout view:
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#drawable/backg"
>
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/imageView1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:layout_marginTop="#dimen/top_mr_image"
android:src="#drawable/temp" />
<RelativeLayout
android:id="#+id/r1"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_below="#+id/imageView1"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
android:background="#drawable/r1bg"
android:layout_weight="1"
>
<TextView
android:id="#+id/textView1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_marginLeft="#dimen/txt_mr_right"
android:layout_marginRight="#dimen/txt_mr_right"
android:layout_marginTop="39dp"
android:text="S"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" />
<TextView
android:id="#+id/textView2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_below="#id/textView1"
android:layout_marginLeft="#dimen/txt_mr_right"
android:layout_marginRight="#dimen/txt_mr_right"
android:text="T"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" />
</RelativeLayout>
<RelativeLayout
android:id="#+id/r2"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:layout_alignTop="#+id/r1"
android:layout_toRightOf="#+id/r1"
android:layout_weight="1" >
</RelativeLayout>
<RelativeLayout
android:id="#+id/r3"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:layout_alignTop="#+id/r2"
android:layout_toRightOf="#+id/r2"
android:layout_weight="1" >
</RelativeLayout>
I set weight=1 and layout_width=0dp for each relativeLayout and this technique works with buttons, I thought the same will be with relativeLayout, seems my thoughts were wrong. Any idea?
UPD1: I have added an image of what I would like to have

RelativeLayout does not pay attention to android:layout_weight. (That's a property of LinearLayout.LayoutParams, but not of RelativeLayout.LayoutParams.)
You should be able to get the layout you want with a much simpler view hierarchy. It's not clear what you are trying to do, since the last two RelativeLayouts are empty. If you need a purely vertical organization, I'd suggest using LinearLayout instead of RelativeLayout.
EDIT Based on your edit, it looks like you want a horizontal layout of three compound views, each one clickable. I think something like the following will work:
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
>
<!-- First column -->
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/firstColumn"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_weight="1"
>
<ImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="..." />
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:text="text 1"
. . . />
</LinearLayout>
<!-- Second column -->
<LinearLayout . . . >
. . .
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
If the contents of the buttons aren't correct, you can replace the second-level LinearLayout views with RelativeLayout if that helps organize the layout better.

RelativeLayouts do not support weight. You need to use a LinearLayout as a parent container if you want to use weights.

Solution is very simple. I have been looking for weight distribution in relative layout.
It's a small trick for all these kind situations.
Use LinearLayout with android:orientation="horizontal"

You can use Horizontally oriented LinearLayout Manager in the Recycler View, and place each RelativeLayout in each item, of its Adapter.
The Link: How to build a Horizontal ListView with RecyclerView?
If your RelativeLayouts are set to a fixed width and height, that is to the size of the Screen, that you can get from DisplayMatrics, that will be OK.
The Link: Get Screen width and height
If the contents of your RelativeLayouts are different, then you can use getItemViewType() method.
Please see: How to create RecyclerView with multiple view type?
Happy Coding :-)

How do I center text horizontally and vertically in a TextView?

How do I center the text horizontally and vertically in a TextView, so that it appears exactly in the middle of the TextView in Android?

I'm assuming you're using XML layout.
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="#string/**yourtextstring**"
/>
You can also use gravity center_vertical or center_horizontal according to your need.
As #stealthcopter commented, in java: .setGravity(Gravity.CENTER);.
And for Kotlin users, .gravity = Gravity.CENTER

android:gravity="center"
This will do the trick

You can also set it up dynamically using:
textView.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER_VERTICAL | Gravity.CENTER_HORIZONTAL);

android:layout_centerInParent="true"
This works when used with a RelativeLayout where the layout's height & width are set to wrap_content.

You can also use the combination:
android:gravity="left|center"
Then, if textview width is more than "fill_parent" the text will still be aligned to left (not centered as with gravity set only to "center").

Apply gravity:
TextView txtView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txtView);
txtView.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER_HORIZONTAL);
For vertical:
txtView.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER_VERTICAL);
In XML:
<TextView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="#string/Hello_World"
/>

There are two ways of doing this.
The first in the XML code. You need to pay attention at the Gravity Attribute. You also can find this attribute in the Graphic Editor; it may be easier than the XML EDITOR.
<TextView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:gravity="center_vertical|center_horizontal"
android:text="Your Text"
/>
For your specific scenario, the values of gravity will be:
center_vertical|center_horizontal
In the graphical editor you will find all the possible values, even see their results.

If you are using TableLayout make sure to set the gravity of the TableRows to center, too.
Otherwise it will not work. At least it didn't work with me until I set the gravity of the TableRow to center.
For example, like this:
<TableRow android:id="#+id/tableRow2" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:gravity="center">
<TextView android:text="#string/chf" android:id="#+id/tv_chf" android:layout_weight="2" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:gravity="center"></TextView>
</TableRow>

You need to set TextView Gravity (Center Horizontal & Center Vertical) like this:
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
and
android:layout_centerVertical="true"
And dynamically using:
textview.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER);
textView.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER_VERTICAL | Gravity.CENTER_HORIZONTAL);

In my opinion,
android:gravity="center"
is better than,
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
which is better than,
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:layout_centerVertical="true"
at least for formatting text.

For Linear Layout:
In XML use something like this
<TextView
android:id="#+id/textView1"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:gravity="center_vertical|center_horizontal"
android:text="Your Text goes here"
/>
To do this at run time use something like this in your activity
TextView textView1 =(TextView)findViewById(R.id.texView1);
textView1.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER_VERTICAL | Gravity.CENTER_HORIZONTAL);
For Relative Layout: in XML use some thing like this
<TextView
android:id="#+id/textView1"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
android:text="Your Text goes here"
/>
To do this at run time use something like this in your activity
TextView textView1 =(TextView)findViewById(R.id.texView1);
RelativeLayout.LayoutParams layoutParams = RelativeLayout.LayoutParams)textView1.getLayoutParams();
layoutParams.addRule(RelativeLayout.CENTER_IN_PARENT, RelativeLayout.TRUE);
textView1.setLayoutParams(layoutParams);

Use in the XML file.
Layout file
<TextView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="#string/stringtext"/>
or:
Use this inside the Java class
TextView textView =(TextView)findViewById(R.id.texviewid);
textView.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER_VERTICAL | Gravity.CENTER_HORIZONTAL);

Use this for relative layout
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
and for other layout
android:gravity="center"

If the TextView's height and width are wrap content then the text within the TextView always be centered. But if the TextView's width is match_parent and height is match_parent or wrap_content then you have to write the below code:
For RelativeLayout:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="Hello World" />
</RelativeLayout>
For LinearLayout:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="Hello World" />
</LinearLayout>

While using gravity works for TextView, there's an alternate method implemented in API level 17 -
textView.setTextAlignment(View.TEXT_ALIGNMENT_CENTER);
Don't know the difference, but it works too. However only for API level 17 or higher.

In RelativeLayout, it will be nice with it.
And another Button and anything else you can add.
The following works nicely for me.
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:background="#ff314859"
android:paddingLeft="16dp"
android:paddingRight="16dp">
<TextView
android:id="#+id/txt_logo"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="your text here"
android:textSize="30dp"
android:gravity="center"/>
...other button or anything else...
</RelativeLayout>

Use android:textAlignment="center"
<TextView
android:text="HOW WAS\nYOUR\nDAY?"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textAlignment="center"
android:id="#+id/textView5"
/>

Easiest way (which is surprisingly only mentioned in comments, hence why I am posting as an answer) is:
textview.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER)

You can just set the gravity of your textview into CENTER.

TextView gravity works as per your parent layout.
LinearLayout:
If you use LinearLayout then you will find two gravity attribute
android:gravity & android:layout_gravity
android:gravity : represent layout potion of internal text of TextView while
android:layout_gravity : represent TextView position in parent view.
If you want to set text horizontally & vertically center then use below code this
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="300dp"
android:background="#android:color/background_light"
android:layout_height="300dp">
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:text="Hello World!"
android:gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
/>
</LinearLayout>
RelativeLayout:
Using RelativeLayout you can use below property in TextView
android:gravity="center" for text center in TextView.
android:gravity="center_horizontal" inner text if you want horizontally centered.
android:gravity="center_vertical" inner text if you want vertically centered.
android:layout_centerInParent="true" if you want TextView in center position of parent view.
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" if you want TextView in horizontally center of parent view.
android:layout_centerVertical="true" if you want TextView in vertically center of parent view.
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="300dp"
android:background="#android:color/background_light"
android:layout_height="300dp">
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:text="Hello World!"
android:gravity="center"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
/>
</RelativeLayout>

If you are trying to center text on a TableRow in a TableLayout, here is how I achieved this:
<TableRow android:id="#+id/rowName"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:padding="5dip" >
<TextView android:id="#+id/lblSomeLabel"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:gravity="center"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_weight="100"
android:text="Your Text Here" />
</TableRow>

If you are using Relative Layout:
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="#string/stringname"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"/>
If you are using LinearLayout
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="#string/stringname"
android:layout_gravity="center"/>

Try this way,it will work
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:gravity="center">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textAlignment="center"/>
</LinearLayout>

Here is my answer that I had used in my app. It shows text in center of the screen.
<TextView
android:id="#+id/txtSubject"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="#string/subject"
android:layout_margin="10dp"
android:gravity="center"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" />

The TextView's height and width are wrap content then the text within the textview always be centered, then make center in its parent layout by using:
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
android:text="Hello.."/>
</RelativeLayout>
For LinearLayout also the code is same :
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:gravity="center">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Hello.."/>
</LinearLayout>
and pro-grammatically parent is RelativeLayout java code this at run time use something like this in your activity
TextView textView1 =(TextView)findViewById(R.id.texView1);
RelativeLayout.LayoutParams layoutParams = RelativeLayout.LayoutParams)textView1.getLayoutParams();
layoutParams.addRule(RelativeLayout.CENTER_IN_PARENT, RelativeLayout.TRUE);
textView1.setLayoutParams(layoutParams);

Actually, we can do better by excluding fontPadding.
<TextView
android layout_height="wrap_content"
android layout_height="wrap_content"
android:includeFontPadding="false"
android:textAlignment="center"
/>

As many answers suggest above works fine.
android:gravity="center"
If you want to center it just vertically:
android:gravity="center_vertical"
or just horizontally:
android:gravity="center_horizontal"

Simply, in your XML file, set the textview gravity to center:
<TextView
android:gravity="center" />

android:gravity="center_horizontal" for align text Center horizontally.
android:gravity="center_vertical" for align text Center vertically.
android:gravity="center" for align text Center both vertically and horizontally.
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:gravity="center_horizontal|center_vertical"
android:layout_height="match_parent" />

You can do like this to get text centered
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:gravity="center" />

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