ViewModel in fragment clears values on screen rotation - android

Guess I'm missing something obvious here but... I'm storing data in uiModel in the DiaryViewModel class, and since I use architecture components I'm expecting the data to be retained through screen rotation - but it doesn't. I'm blind to why.
Here's a stripped down fragment
class DiaryFragment: Fragment() {
private lateinit var viewModel: DiaryViewModel
override onCreateView(...) {
viewModel = ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(DiaryViewModel::class.java)
viewModel.getModel().observe(this, Observer<DiaryUIModel> { uiModel ->
render(uiModel)
})
}
}
And the corresponding view model.
class DiaryViewModel: ViewModel() {
private var uiModel: MutableLiveData<DiaryUIModel>? = null
fun getModel(): LiveData<DiaryUIModel> {
if (uiModel == null) {
uiModel = MutableLiveData<DiaryUIModel>()
uiModel?.value = DiaryUIModel()
}
return uiModel as MutableLiveData<DiaryUIModel>
}
}
Can any one see what's missing in this simple example? Right now, uiModel is set to null when rotating the screen.

The issue was with how the activity was handling the fragment creation. MainActivity was always creating a new fragment per rotation, as in
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
supportFragmentManager
.beginTransaction()
.replace(overlay.id, DiaryFragment.newInstance())
.commit()
}
But of course, it works much better when checking if we have a saved instance, as in
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
if (savedInstanceState == null) {
supportFragmentManager
.beginTransaction()
.replace(overlay.id, DiaryFragment.newInstance())
.commit()
}
}

Related

why flow collect call more than twice in kotlin?

Hey I am working in kotlin flow in android. I noticed that my kotlin flow collectLatest is calling twice and sometimes even more. I tried this answer but it didn't work for me. I printed the log inside my collectLatest function it print the log. I am adding the code
MainActivity.kt
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity(), CustomManager {
private val viewModel by viewModels<ActivityViewModel>()
private lateinit var binding: ActivityMainBinding
private var time = 0
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
binding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(layoutInflater)
setContentView(binding.root)
setupView()
}
private fun setupView() {
viewModel.fetchData()
lifecycleScope.launchWhenStarted {
repeatOnLifecycle(Lifecycle.State.STARTED) {
viewModel.conversationMutableStateFlow.collectLatest { data ->
Log.e("time", "${time++}")
....
}
}
}
}
}
ActivityViewModel.kt
class ActivityViewModel(app: Application) : AndroidViewModel(app) {
var conversationMutableStateFlow = MutableStateFlow<List<ConversationDate>>(emptyList())
fun fetchData() {
viewModelScope.launch {
val response = ApiInterface.create().getResponse()
conversationMutableStateFlow.value = response.items
}
}
.....
}
I don't understand why this is calling two times. I am attaching logs
2022-01-17 22:02:15.369 8248-8248/com.example.fragmentexample E/time: 0
2022-01-17 22:02:15.629 8248-8248/com.example.fragmentexample E/time: 1
As you can see it call two times. But I load more data than it call more than twice. I don't understand why it is calling more than once. Can someone please guide me what I am doing wrong. If you need whole code, I am adding my project link.
You are using a MutableStateFlow which derives from StateFlow, StateFlow has initial value, you are specifying it as an emptyList:
var conversationMutableStateFlow = MutableStateFlow<List<String>>(emptyList())
So the first time you get data in collectLatest block, it is an empty list. The second time it is a list from the response.
When you call collectLatest the conversationMutableStateFlow has only initial value, which is an empty list, that's why you are receiving it first.
You can change your StateFlow to SharedFlow, it doesn't have an initial value, so you will get only one call in collectLatest block. In ActivityViewModel class:
var conversationMutableStateFlow = MutableSharedFlow<List<String>>()
fun fetchData() {
viewModelScope.launch {
val response = ApiInterface.create().getResponse()
conversationMutableStateFlow.emit(response.items)
}
}
Or if you want to stick to StateFlow you can filter your data:
viewModel.conversationMutableStateFlow.filter { data ->
data.isNotEmpty()
}.collectLatest { data ->
// ...
}
The reason is collectLatest like backpressure. If you pass multiple items at once, flow will collect latest only, but if there are some time between emits, flow will collect each like latest
EDITED:
You really need read about MVVM architecture.
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
private lateinit var binding: ActivityMainBinding
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
binding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(layoutInflater)
setContentView(binding.root)
setupView()
}
private fun setupView() {
if (supportFragmentManager.findFragmentById(R.id.fragmentView) != null)
return
supportFragmentManager
.beginTransaction()
.add(R.id.fragmentView, ConversationFragment())
.commit()
}
}
Delele ActivityViewModel and add that logic to FragmentViewModel.
Also notice you don't need use AndroidViewModel, if you can use plain ViewModel. Use AndroidViewModel only when you need access to Application or its Context

Getting FragmentResultListener triggered without popbackstack

Currently I'm facing a problem getting data from a child fragment to it's parent fragment, I saw that the best option is using setFragmentResult but because setFragmentResultListener needs to be in STARTED state at parentFragment(doen't happen because it is stoped when replaced by another fragment) I see that the only option is to use popBackStack() and then the listener gets triggered. The thing is that I don't wanna use popBackStack()
Can anyone help me?
PS: No, I don't want to use viewModel in this case to keep data.
Listener:
class ResultListenerFragment : Fragment() {
val viewModel : SomeViewModel by viewModels()
var result : String? = null
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
// Use the Kotlin extension in the fragment-ktx artifact
setFragmentResultListener("requestKey") { requestKey, bundle ->
//verify values
viewModel.repeat()
}
//in case of an error
viewModel.getError().observe(viewLifecycleOwner,{
requireActivity()
.supportFragmentManager
.beginTransaction()
.replace(R.id.framelayout, ErrorFragment.newInstance(it).commit()
}
}
}
Triggerer:
class ErrorFragment: Fragment(R.layout.fragment_error) {
override fun onViewCreated(view: View, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
view.findViewById(R.id.some_tv).text = arguments.getString(keyError)
view.findViewById(R.id.result_button).setOnClickListener {
val result = "retry"
// Use the Kotlin extension in the fragment-ktx artifact
setFragmentResult("requestKey", bundleOf("bundleKey" to result))
}
}
companion object {
private const val keyError = "errorKey"
fun newInstance(error:String): ErrorFragment{
val args = Bundle().apply {
putString(keyError, error)
}
}
return ErrorFragment().apply{arguments = args}
}
}

How to know when `navController.popBackStack()` was called?

I am popping the backstack on my nav controller on some point in my code -
navController.popBackStack()
The fragment that added that following fragment to the backstack needs to know exactly when that one was popped in order to trigger code following that.
How do I make the first fragment know about it?
I thought about adding a callback as an argument but I doubt it's a good practice.
If you use Koin you can do something like:
class MyActivity : AppCompatActivity(){
// Lazy inject MyViewModel
val model : MySharedViewModelby sharedViewModel()
override fun onCreate() {
super.onCreate()
model.isFragmentPopped.observe(this, Observe{
if(it){
doSomething()
}
}
}
}
Fragment:
class MyFragment : Fragment(){
// Lazy inject MyViewModel
val model : MySharedViewModel by sharedViewModel()
override fun onCreate() {
super.onCreate()
var fragmentX = model.isFragmentXPopped
}
fun backstackPopped{
model.fragmentPopped()
navController.popBackStack()
}
}
ViewModel:
var _isFragmentPopped = MutableLiveData<Boolean>(false)
val isFragmentPopped : LiveData<Boolean>
get = _isFragmentPopped
fun fragmentPopped(){
_isFragmentPopped.value = true
}
Keep in mind that you should keep sharedViewModels as small as possible as they do not get destroyed until the activity is destroyed.
we can create observer for return values from second fragment using popBackStack()
In firstFragment use this for observer :-
override fun onViewCreated(view: View, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState)
val navController = findNavController()
navController.currentBackStackEntry?.savedStateHandle?.getLiveData<String>("key")
?.observe(viewLifecycleOwner) {
}
}
In secondFragment use this code
val navController = findNavController()
navController.previousBackStackEntry?.savedStateHandle?.set("key", "you press back button")
navController.popBackStack()

State Management with ViewModel on Android when on a flow

Basically I have a state management system using ViewModel that looks like this:
class ViewModelA: ViewModel() {
private val repository: RepositoryA by inject()
private val _stateLiveData = MutableLiveData<ViewState>()
val stateLiveData: LiveData<ViewState> get() = _stateLiveData
private val _eventLiveData = SingleLiveEvent<ViewEvent>()
val eventLiveData: LiveData<ViewEvent> get() = _eventLiveData
private val exceptionHandler = CoroutineExceptionHandler { _, _ ->
_stateLiveData.postValue(ViewState.Error)
}
fun loadList() {
if (_stateLiveData.value is ViewState.Loading) return
launch(exceptionHandler) {
_stateLiveData.run {
value = ViewState.Loading
value = repository.getDocumentList().let {
if (it.isEmpty()) ViewState.Error
else ViewState.Data(it)
}
}
}
}
}
But whenever I am sharing a ViewModel with several Fragments, it becomes bigger and bigger. I am looking for a solution for this, because I don't want to centralize all the logic for an entire application flow inside a ViewModel and I also don't want to pass arguments here and there all the time.
PS: Sorry about my bad english.
Edit: Clarify a bit the question.
I didn't quite understand your question. However, if your question was as follows:
How can I share the same ViewModel Object and use it inside multiple Fragments.
You can check the documentation of ViewModelProvider which is a utility class that provides ViewModels for a specific scope like Activity.
Following is an example code of the usage of ViewModelProvider within two Fragments that will be created and used in the same Activity object:
// An example ViewModel
class SharedViewModel : ViewModel() {
val intLiveData = MutableLiveData<Int>() // an example LiveData field
}
// the first fragment
class Fragment1 : Fragment() {
private lateinit var viewModel: SharedViewModel
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
viewModel = requireActivity().let { activity ->
ViewModelProvider(activity).get(SharedViewModel::class.java)
}
}
}
// the other fragment
class Fragment2 : Fragment() {
private lateinit var viewModel: SharedViewModel
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
viewModel = requireActivity().let { activity ->
ViewModelProvider(activity).get(SharedViewModel::class.java)
}
}
}

Why my ViewModel is still alive after I replaced current fragment in Android?

Example, If I replaced 'fragmentA' with 'fragmentB', the 'viewModelA' of fragmentA is still live. why ?
onCreate() of Fragment
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
viewModel = ViewModelProvider.NewInstanceFactory().create(InvoicesViewModel::class.java)
}
ViewModel
class InvoicesViewModel : ViewModel() {
init {
getInvoices()
}
private fun getInvoices() {
viewModelScope.launch {
val response = safeApiCall() {
// Call API here
}
while (true) {
delay(1000)
println("Still printing although the fragment of this viewModel destroied")
}
if (response is ResultWrapper.Success) {
// Do work here
}
}
}
}
This method used to replace fragment
fun replaceFragment(activity: Context, fragment: Fragment, TAG: String) {
val myContext = activity as AppCompatActivity
val transaction = myContext.supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction()
transaction.replace(R.id.content_frame, fragment, TAG)
transaction.commitNow()
}
You will note the while loop inside the Coroutine still work although after replace fragment to another fragment.
this is about your implementation of ViewModelProvider.
use this way for creating your viewModel.
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
viewModel = ViewModelProvider(this).get(InvoicesViewModel::class.java)
}
in this way you give your fragment as live scope of view model.
Check, if you have created the ViewModel in Activity passing the context of activity or fragment.

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