I have recently seen a weird issue that is acting as a barrier to my project.
Multiple calls to set the live data value does not invoke the observer in the view.
It seems that only the last value that was set actually invokes the Observer in the view.
Here is the code snippet for a review.
MainActivity.kt
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
private lateinit var viewModel: MainViewModel
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
viewModel = ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(MainViewModelImpl::class.java)
viewModel.state().observe(this, Observer {
onStateChange(it!!)
})
viewModel.fetchFirstThree()
}
private fun onStateChange(state: MainViewModel.State) {
when (state) {
is One -> {
show(state.data)
}
is Two -> {
show(state.data)
}
is Three -> {
show(state.data)
}
}
}
private fun show(data: String) {
Log.d("Response", data)
}
}
MainViewModel.kt
abstract class MainViewModel : ViewModel() {
sealed class State {
data class One(val data: String) : State()
data class Two(val data: String) : State()
data class Three(val data: String) : State()
}
abstract fun state(): LiveData<State>
abstract fun fetchFirstThree()
}
MainViewModelImpl.kt
class MainViewModelImpl : MainViewModel() {
private val stateLiveData: MediatorLiveData<State> = MediatorLiveData()
override fun state(): LiveData<State> = stateLiveData
override fun fetchFirstThree() {
stateLiveData.value = State.One("One")
stateLiveData.value = State.Two("Two")
stateLiveData.value = State.Three("Three")
}
}
Expected output:
Response: One
Response: Two
Response: Three
Actual Output:
Response: Three
As per the output above, the Observer is not being called for the first two values.
I did some science, re-implementing LiveData and MutableLiveData to log out some data.
Check the source code here.
setValue value=Test1
dispatchingValue mDispatchingValue=false mDispatchInvalidated=false
considerNotify
Returned at !observer.active
setValue value=Test2
dispatchingValue mDispatchingValue=false mDispatchInvalidated=false
considerNotify
Returned at !observer.active
setValue value=Test3
dispatchingValue mDispatchingValue=false mDispatchInvalidated=false
considerNotify
Returned at !observer.active
dispatchingValue mDispatchingValue=false mDispatchInvalidated=false
considerNotify
ITEM: Test3
It looks like the observer hasn't reached an active state when you send the initial values.
private void considerNotify(LifecycleBoundObserver observer) {
// <-- Three times it fails here. This means that your observer wasn't ready for any of them.
if (!observer.active) {
return;
}
Once the observer reaches an active state, it sends the last set value.
void activeStateChanged(boolean newActive) {
if (newActive == active) {
return;
}
active = newActive;
boolean wasInactive = LiveData.this.mActiveCount == 0;
LiveData.this.mActiveCount += active ? 1 : -1;
if (wasInactive && active) {
onActive();
}
if (LiveData.this.mActiveCount == 0 && !active) {
onInactive();
}
if (active) {
// <--- At this point you are getting a call to your observer!
dispatchingValue(this);
}
}
I had such issue too.
To resolve it was created custom MutableLiveData, that contains a queue of posted values and will notify observer for each value.
You can use it the same way as usual MutableLiveData.
open class MultipleLiveEvent<T> : MutableLiveData<T>() {
private val mPending = AtomicBoolean(false)
private val values: Queue<T> = LinkedList()
#MainThread
override fun observe(owner: LifecycleOwner, observer: Observer<in T>) {
if (hasActiveObservers()) {
Log.w(this::class.java.name, "Multiple observers registered but only one will be notified of changes.")
}
// Observe the internal MutableLiveData
super.observe(owner, { t: T ->
if (mPending.compareAndSet(true, false)) {
observer.onChanged(t)
//call next value processing if have such
if (values.isNotEmpty())
pollValue()
}
})
}
override fun postValue(value: T) {
values.add(value)
pollValue()
}
private fun pollValue() {
value = values.poll()
}
#MainThread
override fun setValue(t: T?) {
mPending.set(true)
super.setValue(t)
}
/**
* Used for cases where T is Void, to make calls cleaner.
*/
#Suppress("unused")
#MainThread
fun call() {
value = null
}
}
You could use custom LiveData like this:
class ActiveMutableLiveData<T> : MutableLiveData<T>() {
private val values: Queue<T> = LinkedList()
private var isActive: Boolean = false
override fun onActive() {
isActive = true
while (values.isNotEmpty()) {
setValue(values.poll())
}
}
override fun onInactive() {
isActive = false
}
override fun setValue(value: T) {
if (isActive) {
super.setValue(value)
} else {
values.add(value)
}
}
}
FWIW I had the same problem but solved it like this...
I originally had some code similar to this...
private fun updateMonth(month: Int){
updateMonth.value = UpdateMonth(month, getDaysOfMonth(month))
}
updateMonth(1)
updateMonth(2)
updateMonth(3)
I experienced the same problem as described...
But when I made this simple change....
private fun updateMonth(month: Int) {
CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.Main).launch {
updateMonth.value = UpdateMonth(month, getDaysOfMonth(month))
}
}
Presumably, each updateMonth is going onto a different thread now, so all of the updates are observed.
You should call viewModel.fetchFirstThree() after Activity's onStart() method. for example in onResume() method.
Because in LiveData the Observer is wrapped as a LifecycleBoundObserver. The field mActive set to true after onStart().
class LifecycleBoundObserver extends ObserverWrapper implements GenericLifecycleObserver {
#Override
boolean shouldBeActive() {
return mOwner.getLifecycle().getCurrentState().isAtLeast(STARTED);// return true after onStart()
}
#Override
public void onStateChanged(LifecycleOwner source, Lifecycle.Event event) {
if (mOwner.getLifecycle().getCurrentState() == DESTROYED) {
removeObserver(mObserver);
return;
}
activeStateChanged(shouldBeActive());// after onStart() change mActive to true
}
}
When the observer notify the change it calls considerNotify, before onStart it will return at !observer.mActive
private void considerNotify(ObserverWrapper observer) {
if (!observer.mActive) {// called in onCreate() will return here.
return;
}
if (!observer.shouldBeActive()) {
observer.activeStateChanged(false);
return;
}
if (observer.mLastVersion >= mVersion) {
return;
}
observer.mLastVersion = mVersion;
//noinspection unchecked
observer.mObserver.onChanged((T) mData);
}
Related
I have a specific UseCase where initialize app data. I store every <reference, listener> in a dispatchListeners list to unsubscribe later.
typealias EventListener = Pair<DatabaseReference, ValueEventListener>
class InitAppDataUseCase(
private val subscribeUserUseCase: SubscribeUserUseCase,
private val subscribeNewsUseCase: SubscribeNewsUseCase,
private val subscribeStoriesUseCase: SubscribeStoriesUseCase,
private val subscribeMeetingsUseCase: SubscribeMeetingsUseCase,
private val subscribeCategoriesUseCase: SubscribeCategoriesUseCase,
private val dispatchers: AppDispatchers
): UseCase<Unit, Unit> {
private val dispatchListeners = mutableListOf<EventListener>()
override suspend fun execute(input: Unit) {
init()
}
private fun EventListener.add() = dispatchListeners.add(this)
private suspend fun init() = CoroutineScope(dispatchers.io).launch {
runCatching {
listOf(
async { subscribeUserUseCase.execute().add() },
async { subscribeNewsUseCase.execute().add() },
async { subscribeStoriesUseCase.execute().add() },
async { subscribeMeetingsUseCase.execute().add() },
async { subscribeCategoriesUseCase.execute().add() }
).awaitAll()
}
}
fun clearSubscribed() = CoroutineScope(dispatchers.io).launch {
dispatchListeners.forEach { referenceToListener ->
with(referenceToListener) {
first.removeEventListener(second)
}
}
}
}
But where should I unsubscribe?
When the user remove an account or sign out from my app, I do this in specific ViewModel and redirect him to AuthScreen after this executed.
But what should I do if user just close my app? Is this correct way to unsubscribe in onDestroy() of my MainActivity? I have doubts because clearSubscribed() is a heavy operation. Am I right if the user have a poor internet connection and - this operation couldn't be executed because applicationScope will be dead?
class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
private val initAppDataUseCase by inject<InitAppDataUseCase>()
override fun onCreate() {}
override fun onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy()
initAppDataUseCase.clearSubscribed()
}
}
You have to remove the listener according to the life cycle of your activity. Since you're using Kotlin, most likely in an MVVM architecture, I would rather use callbackFlow. There is a very helpful example in the documentation. However, in the case of Firebase, to attach and dettach the listener, please use the following lines of code:
override fun getDataFromRealtimeDatabase() = callbackFlow {
val listener = object: ValueEventListener {
override fun onDataChange(snapshot: DataSnapshot) {
//Do what you need to do with the data.
}
override fun onCancelled(e: DatabaseError) {
Log.d("TAG", "${e?.message}") //Never ignore potential errors!
}
}
yourRef.addValueEventListener(listener) //Attach the listener.
awaitClose {
yourRef.removeEventListener(listener) //Dettach the listener.
}
}
The issue that I have is not actually bug or big problem. And all works as it should, but nevertheless it annoys me.
In Fragment pbserver:
viewModel.pageNumbersPosition.observe(viewLifecycleOwner) {
if (it!=null) {
SharedPreferenceHelper.pagesNumber = viewModel.pageNumbersArray.value?.get(it)
DLog.d("Set: ${viewModel.pageNumbersArray.value?.get(it)}}")
//Log shows twice as start
}
}
ViewModel:
class MenuViewModel : ViewModel() {
var pageNumbersArray = MutableLiveData(getPageNumbering())
var pageNumbersPosition = MutableLiveData(pageNumbersArray.value?.indexOf(SharedPreferenceHelper.pagesNumber))
private fun getPageNumbering():Array<String> {
val list = mutableListOf<String>()
for (i in 1..25) {
list.add(i.toString())
}
return list.toTypedArray()
}
}
Spinner:
<Spinner
android:id="#+id/spinner"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:entries="#{viewModel.pageNumbersArray}"
android:selectedItemPosition="#={viewModel.pageNumbersPosition}"/>
What happes is viewModel.pageNumbersPosition.observe triggered twice on start. Once from the initiation of the fragment and second time when the spinner sets. This is actually suppose to happen, but I don't like it when Shared Preference sets twice.
I came across a handy class SingleLiveEvent that we can use instead of LiveData in ViewModel class to send only new updates after subscription.
class SingleLiveEvent<T> : MutableLiveData<T>() {
private val pending = AtomicBoolean(false)
override fun observe(owner: LifecycleOwner, observer: Observer<in T>) {
super.observe(owner, Observer<T> { t ->
if (pending.compareAndSet(true, false)) {
observer.onChanged(t)
}
})
}
override fun setValue(t: T?) {
pending.set(true)
super.setValue(t)
}
fun call() {
postValue(null)
}
}
This LiveData extension only calls the observable if there's an explicit call to setValue() or call().
Update, primary constructor with parameter:
class SingleLiveEvent<T>(value: T) : MutableLiveData<T>(value) {...}
You can check if there is equal value in your shared to avoid the double set
if (it!=null) {
viewModel.pageNumbersArray.value?.get(it).let{ value ->
if (SharedPreferenceHelper.pagesNumber != value)
SharedPreferenceHelper.pagesNumber = value
}
}
My Worker(for API call) starts from Service and I want to completion event send into Service class.
What should be best approach?
Calling from service:
PeriodicWorkRequest request = new PeriodicWorkRequest
.Builder(Worker.class, Constants.REPEAT_INTERVAL, TimeUnit.MINUTES)
.addTag(TAG)
.setConstraints(new Constraints.Builder().setRequiredNetworkType(NetworkType.CONNECTED).build())
.build();
WorkManager.getInstance(getApplicationContext()).enqueue(request);
Calling from WorkManager:
override fun doWork(): Result {
// API call
return Result.success()
}
Okay so what I would do is I would create common object for both Worker and Service class and utilize Observer pattern. This WorkObserver object would behave as a proxy between Service and Worker. Using Koin for example, it would look something like that:
class MyWorker: Worker(), KoinComponent {
private val workObserver: WorkObserver by inject()
override fun doWork(): Result {
val result = api.call().execute()
if(result.isSuccessful) {
workObserver.notifySuccess()
return Result.success()
} else {
workObserver.notifyError()
return Result.failure()
}
}
}
class MyService: Service(), KoinComponent {
private val workObserver: WorkObserver by inject()
override fun onCreate() {
workObserver.setOnResultListener { result ->
if(result) {
//do something
} else {
// do something else
}
}
override fun onDestroy() {
workObserver.setOnResultListener(null)
}
}
class WorkObserver {
private var onResultListener: ((Result) -> Unit)? = null
fun setOnResultListener(listener: ((Result) -> Unit)?) {
this.onResultListener = listener
}
fun notifySuccess() {
this.onResultListener?.invoke(true)
}
fun notifyError() {
this.onResultListener?.invoke(false)
}
}
Of course you can use other DI tools for that, you can have a list of listeners and remove particular ones, you can pass any other object through the listener in WorkObserver with the payload you need. I just created a simple boolean passing
For that simple case however if you don't want to use DI, simple Object would do the work. However when your codebase grows and you are dealing with multithreading issues, or even accessing this object in other parts of the application it may lead to problems. I am using it only to pass information between objects, I don't recommend using it for storing data etc:
class MyWorker: Worker() {
override fun doWork(): Result {
val result = api.call().execute()
if(result.isSuccessful) {
WorkObserver.notifySuccess()
return Result.success()
} else {
WorkObserver.notifyError()
return Result.failure()
}
}
}
class MyService: Service() {
override fun onCreate() {
WorkObserver.setOnResultListener { result ->
if(result) {
//do something
} else {
// do something else
}
}
override fun onDestroy() {
WorkObserver.setOnResultListener(null)
}
}
object WorkObserver {
private var onResultListener: ((Result) -> Unit)? = null
fun setOnResultListener(listener: ((Result) -> Unit)?) {
this.onResultListener = listener
}
fun notifySuccess() {
this.onResultListener?.invoke(true)
}
fun notifyError() {
this.onResultListener?.invoke(false)
}
}
I have the following ViewModel class -
class VerifyOtpViewModel : ViewModel() {
private var existingUserProfileData: MutableLiveData<TwoVerteUsers.TwoVerteUser>? = null
fun checkInfoForAuthenticatedUser(authorization: String, user: String) {
ProfileNetworking.getUsersProfiles(authorization, GetUserProfilesBodyModel(listOf(user)), object : ProfileNetworking.OnGetUserProfilesListener {
override fun onSuccess(model: TwoVerteUsers) {
existingUserProfileData?.value = model[0]
}
override fun onError(reason: String) {
Log.d("existingProfile", reason)
}
})
}
fun getExistingUserProfileData(): LiveData<TwoVerteUsers.TwoVerteUser>? {
if (existingUserProfileData == null) return null
return existingUserProfileData as LiveData<TwoVerteUsers.TwoVerteUser>
}
}
and the following observer -
private fun initViewModel() {
verifyOtpViewModel = ViewModelProvider(this).get(VerifyOtpViewModel::class.java)
verifyOtpViewModel.getExistingUserProfileData()?.observe(this, Observer {
if (it != null)
Log.d("existingProfile", it.username)
})
}
For some reason the observe is never triggered even after the MutableLiveData object is being given a value
Tried to search for a solution here at stackoverflow but nothing helped
what am I missing?
refactor your code to this, and you should be good to go:
class VerifyOtpViewModel : ViewModel() {
private val _existingUserProfileData = MutableLiveData<TwoVerteUsers.TwoVerteUser>()
val existingUserProfileData: LiveData<TwoVerteUsers.TwoVerteUser>
get() = _existingUserProfileData
fun checkInfoForAuthenticatedUser(authorization: String, user: String) {
ProfileNetworking.getUsersProfiles(
authorization,
GetUserProfilesBodyModel(listOf(user)),
object : ProfileNetworking.OnGetUserProfilesListener {
override fun onSuccess(model: TwoVerteUsers) {
existingUserProfileData.value = model[0]
}
override fun onError(reason: String) {
Log.d("existingProfile", reason)
}
})
}
}
And observing:
verifyOtpViewModel.existingUserProfileData.observe(this, Observer {
.....
})
How to determine size of data returned before setting adapter?
How to use emptyview with paging library?
How to set emptyview if pagedlist returns null or no data?
Update[24/04/19]:
I just found out that the library already provide us a way to listen to empty initial load, using PagedList.BoundaryCallback<YourItem>.
*Note that my old answer is still a valid alternative.
val livedPageList = LivePagedListBuilder(sourceFactory, config)
.setBoundaryCallback(object: PagedList.BoundaryCallback<YourItem>() {
override fun onZeroItemsLoaded() {
super.onZeroItemsLoaded()
// Handle empty initial load here
}
override fun onItemAtEndLoaded(itemAtEnd: YourItem) {
super.onItemAtEndLoaded(itemAtEnd)
// Here you can listen to last item on list
}
override fun onItemAtFrontLoaded(itemAtFront: YourItem) {
super.onItemAtFrontLoaded(itemAtFront)
// Here you can listen to first item on list
}
})
.build()
Original Answer:
Based on this class on google sample Network State. Modify it to handle empty content in initialLoad.
#Suppress("DataClassPrivateConstructor")
data class NetworkState private constructor(
val status: Status,
val msg: String? = null
) {
enum class Status {
RUNNING,
SUCCESS_LOADED, // New
SUCCESS_EMPTY, // New
FAILED
}
companion object {
val EMPTY = NetworkState(Status.SUCCESS_EMPTY) // New
val LOADED = NetworkState(Status.SUCCESS_LOADED) // New
val LOADING = NetworkState(Status.RUNNING)
fun error(msg: String?) = NetworkState(Status.FAILED, msg)
}
}
Usage as follow:
class DataSource: PageKeyedDataSource<Long, Item>() {
val initialLoad: MutableLiveData<NetworkState> = MutableLiveData()
override fun loadInitial(params: LoadInitialParams<Long>, callback: LoadInitialCallback<Long, Item>) {
initialLoad.postValue(NetworkState.LOADING)
apiCallSource.subscribe({ items ->
if (items.isEmpty()) {
initialLoad.postValue(NetworkState.EMPTY)
} else {
initialLoad.postValue(NetworkState.LOADED)
}
}, { error ->
// handle error
})
}
}
And this is how the activity handle it:
class activity: AppCompatActivity() {
val viewModel = // init viewmodel
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
viewModel.refreshState.observe(this, Observer { networkState ->
if (it == NetworkState.LOADING) {
// Show loading
} else {
// Hide loading
if (it.status == NetworkState.Status.SUCCESS_EMPTY) {
// Show empty state for initial load
}
}
}
}
}
For more details on how to connect DataSource with Activity, see this sample
Simply add a listener or callback function to your DataSourceFactory and your DataSource and call it if the list in loadInitial is empty:
class DataSourceFactory(
private val dataObservable: Observable<List<Data>>,
private val onEmptyAction: () -> Unit
) : DataSource.Factory<Int, Data >() {
override fun create(): DataSource {
return DataSource(observable, onEmptyAction)
}
}
class DataSource(
private val observable: Observable<List<Data>>,
private val onEmptyAction: () -> Unit
) : ItemKeyedDataSource<Int, Data>() {
private val data = mutableListOf<Data>()
override fun loadInitial(params: LoadInitialParams<Int>, callback: LoadInitialCallback<Data>) {
observable
.subscribe({ data ->
if (data.isEmpty()) {
// Inform someone that this list is empty from the
// beginning to be able to show an empty page
onEmptyAction()
}
// rest of your code & logic
}, { Timber.e(it) })
}
}
In your fragment/activity you are observing network state:
viewModel.getNetworkState1()?.observe(this, Observer {
// here you can handle you empty view
setEmptyView()
})
like this:
private fun setNoTransactionsLayout() {
if(viewModel.listIsEmpty()) {
yourTextView.visibility = View.VISIBLE
} else {
yourTextView.visibility = View.GONE
}
}
And in view model you have this function:
fun listIsEmpty(): Boolean {
return yourPagedList?.value?.isEmpty() ?: true
}