Develop Reference

Android custom button with MaterialButton-like semi-transparent ripple

I created custom button based on a MaterialButton that is semi-transparent (primaryColorDisabled) when pressed and disabled. Now, I would like to have its ripple effect to turn the button from its primaryColor to the primaryColorDisabled instead of the MaterialButton's default highlighted color.
My colors only differ only in alpha and are defined:
<color name="primaryColor">#283593</color>
<color name="primaryColorDisabled">#A0283593</color>
To my custom button I apply the following style:
<style name="CustomButton" parent="Widget.MaterialComponents.Button">
<item name="android:background">#drawable/custom_background</item>
</style>
Below are the recursive definitions of my drawables. I removed not pertinent bits like namespace, padding, margins, etc.
#drawable/custom_background:
<selector>
<item android:state_enabled="false"
android:drawable="#drawable/custom_disabled" />
<item android:state_pressed="true"
android:drawable="#drawable/custom_disabled" />
<item android:drawable="#drawable/custom_ripple" />
</selector>
#drawable/custom_disabled:
<inset>
<shape
android:shape="rectangle"
android:tint="#color/primaryColorDisabled" >
<solid android:color="#color/primaryColor" />
</shape>
</inset>
#drawable/custom_ripple:
<ripple android:color="?attr/colorControlHighlight">
<item android:drawable="#drawable/custom_enabled" />
</ripple>
#drawable/custom_enabled:
<inset>
<shape
android:shape="rectangle" >
<solid android:color="#color/primaryColor" />
</shape>
</inset>
Now, I tried changing in #drawable/custom_ripple the color from ?attr/colorControlHighlight to my #color/primaryColorDisabled, but then when I click on my button nothing changes: no ripple and no even 'state_pressed' look. Any ideas how to achieve that?

Android Button Ripple on Lollipop and highlight on pre lollipop

Hi so I am little confused and wondering if anyone could point me in the right direction.
Go and use Google Play Store on Lollipop and pre-lollipop
You will see on lollipop that selectable views have the ripple effect.
On pre-lollipo, you get this highlight effect.
How is this done?
At the moment in my app, I have a drawable-v21 directory that contains this selector
It basically does the ripple on top of my background
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ripple xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:color="?android:colorControlHighlight">
<item android:id="#android:id/mask" android:drawable="#android:color/white"/>
<item android:drawable="#color/colorAccentWith92PercentOpacity"/>
</ripple>
However, other answers say to use
android:background="?attr/selectableItemBackground"
To get the highlight effect on pre-lollipop but this overrides my background. How could i set this on top of my current background?
Also do i have to create a ripple drawable (in drawble-v21) for every kind of button in my app? How would I do this for recycler view items?
What makes this question unique
I do not want ripple for pre-lollipop I am asking how devs efficiently make their button do ripple on lollipop and a hight light effect on pre

Option 1
Define colorControlHighlight in your theme and as long you're using default appcompat-v7 buttons the highlight color should work out-of-the-box.
Option 2
This is an example of how I backported Material button style with a bit of crossfade animation and shadows without using external libraries. May it help you on your way.
Provided the button will be white text over dark background (#color/control_normal) with light highlight:
values/themes.xml
Here I'll override default button style for the whole theme:
<style name="AppTheme" parent="Base.AppTheme">
<item name="buttonStyle">#style/Widget.AppTheme.Button</item>
</style>
values/integers.xml
<!-- Some numbers pulled from material design. -->
<integer name="button_pressed_animation_duration">100</integer>
<integer name="button_pressed_animation_delay">100</integer>
values-v21/styles.xml
Button style for Lollipop which understands theme overlays and uses ripple by default. Let's just have it color the ripple with appropriate paint:
<style name="Widget.AppTheme.Button" parent="Widget.AppCompat.Button">
<!-- On Lollipop you can define theme via style. -->
<item name="android:theme">#style/ThemeOverlay.AppTheme.Button</item>
</style>
<style name="ThemeOverlay.AppTheme.Button" parent="ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Dark">
<!-- The magic is done here. -->
<item name="colorButtonNormal">#color/control_normal</item>
</style>
values/styles.xml
Before Lollipop it gets tricky.
<style name="Widget.AppTheme.Button" parent="Widget.AppCompat.Button">
<item name="android:background">#drawable/button_normal_background</item>
</style>
drawable/button_normal_background.xml
Thi is the composite drawable of the whole button.
<inset
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:insetLeft="#dimen/abc_button_inset_horizontal_material"
android:insetTop="#dimen/abc_button_inset_vertical_material"
android:insetRight="#dimen/abc_button_inset_horizontal_material"
android:insetBottom="#dimen/abc_button_inset_vertical_material">
<layer-list>
<!-- Shadow. -->
<item
android:drawable="#drawable/button_shadow"
android:top="-0dp"
android:bottom="-1dp"
android:left="-0dp"
android:right="-0dp"/>
<item
android:drawable="#drawable/button_shadow_pressable"
android:top="-0dp"
android:bottom="-3dp"
android:left="-1dp"
android:right="-1dp"/>
<!-- Background. -->
<item android:drawable="#drawable/button_shape_normal"/>
<!-- Highlight. -->
<item>
<selector
android:enterFadeDuration="#integer/button_pressed_animation_duration"
android:exitFadeDuration="#integer/button_pressed_animation_duration">
<item
android:drawable="#drawable/button_shape_highlight"
android:state_focused="true"
android:state_enabled="true"/>
<item
android:drawable="#drawable/button_shape_highlight"
android:state_pressed="true"
android:state_enabled="true"/>
<item
android:drawable="#drawable/button_shape_highlight"
android:state_selected="true"
android:state_enabled="true"/>
<item android:drawable="#android:color/transparent"/>
</selector>
</item>
<!-- Inner padding. -->
<item android:drawable="#drawable/button_padding"/>
</layer-list>
</inset>
drawable/button_shadow.xml
This is the shadow when not pressed.
<shape
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:shape="rectangle">
<corners
android:bottomLeftRadius="3dp"
android:bottomRightRadius="3dp"
android:topLeftRadius="2dp"
android:topRightRadius="2dp"/>
<solid android:color="#2000"/>
</shape>
drawable/button_shadow_pressable.xml
This is the extended shadow in pressed state. The result effect will look crude when you look up close but it's good enough from distance.
<selector
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
tools:ignore="UnusedAttribute"
android:enterFadeDuration="#integer/button_pressed_animation_duration"
android:exitFadeDuration="#integer/button_pressed_animation_duration">
<item
android:state_pressed="true"
android:state_enabled="true">
<shape
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:shape="rectangle">
<corners
android:bottomLeftRadius="5dp"
android:bottomRightRadius="5dp"
android:topLeftRadius="3dp"
android:topRightRadius="3dp"/>
<solid android:color="#20000000"/>
</shape>
</item>
<item android:drawable="#android:color/transparent"/>
</selector>
drawable/button_shape_normal.xml
This is the main button shape.
<shape
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:shape="rectangle">
<corners android:radius="#dimen/abc_control_corner_material"/>
<solid android:color="#color/control_normal"/>
</shape>
drawable/button_padding.xml
Just additional padding to be absolutely consistent with the Material button.
<shape
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:shape="rectangle">
<solid android:color="#android:color/transparent"/>
<padding
android:left="#dimen/abc_button_padding_horizontal_material"
android:top="#dimen/abc_button_padding_vertical_material"
android:right="#dimen/abc_button_padding_horizontal_material"
android:bottom="#dimen/abc_button_padding_vertical_material"/>
</shape>
drawable/button_shape_highlight.xml
This is the highlight button shape drawn over normal button shape.
<shape
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:shape="rectangle">
<corners android:radius="#dimen/abc_control_corner_material"/>
<solid android:color="#color/control_highlight"/>
</shape>
#color/control_highlight can point to
#color/ripple_material_dark - translucent white, use over dark background
#color/ripple_material_light - translucent black, use over light background
Any other color you define.

You can set a background of your views in this way:
android:background="#drawable/touch_selector"
Create a version without ripple for pre lollipop:
drawable/touch_selector.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<!-- State when a row is being pressed, but hasn't yet been activated (finger down) -->
<item android:state_pressed="true"
android:drawable="#color/grey"
/>
<!-- For ListView in SINGLE_CHOICE_MODE, it flags the active row -->
<item android:state_activated="true"
android:drawable="#color/light_green" />
<!-- Default, "just hangin' out" state. -->
<item android:drawable="#android:color/transparent" />
</selector>
Now do the same for lollipop and above,
but with ripple effect:
crete drawable-v21/touch_selector.xml
It will look like:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<!-- State when a row is being pressed, but hasn't yet been activated (finger down) -->
<item android:state_pressed="true">
<ripple android:color="#color/grey" />
</item>
<!-- For ListView, when the view is "activated". In SINGLE_CHOICE_MODE, it flags the active row -->
<item android:state_activated="true"
android:drawable="#color/light_green" />
<!-- Default, "just hangin' out" state. -->
<item android:drawable="#android:color/transparent" />
</selector>
That's it.
Now you are having ripple effect at lollipop and above devices and highlight at pre lollipop.
Edit:
In case of using in a ListView - use created above as a background of ListView item

Lollipop: Disabled button --> which style?

I tried to track down, how Lollipop displays a button, which is disabled with android:enabled="false" in the layout file.
Holo
With Holo, it's easy: In the styles_holo.xml, I find the style Widget.Holo.Button, which gives me a reference to #drawable/btn_default_holo_dark. There I find the selector:
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item android:state_window_focused="false" android:state_enabled="true"
android:drawable="#drawable/btn_default_normal_holo_dark" />
<item android:state_window_focused="false" android:state_enabled="false"
android:drawable="#drawable/btn_default_disabled_holo_dark" />
<item android:state_pressed="true"
android:drawable="#drawable/btn_default_pressed_holo_dark" />
<item android:state_focused="true" android:state_enabled="true"
android:drawable="#drawable/btn_default_focused_holo_dark" />
<item android:state_enabled="true"
android:drawable="#drawable/btn_default_normal_holo_dark" />
<item android:state_focused="true"
android:drawable="#drawable/btn_default_disabled_focused_holo_dark" />
<item
android:drawable="#drawable/btn_default_disabled_holo_dark" />
</selector>
Lollipop
When I try to apply the same logic to Lollipop, I got stuck:
In styles_material.xml I find the style <style name="Widget.Material.Button"> where I find the reference to <item name="background">#drawable/btn_default_material</item>. But there is no selector??!! Instead I find:
<ripple xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:color="?attr/colorControlHighlight">
<item android:drawable="#drawable/btn_default_mtrl_shape" />
</ripple>
Could someone please explain, which specific style Lollipop uses for a disabled button.
Thanks a lot!
Edit
I can partially answer myself: In #drawable/btn_default_mtrl_shape I find a reference to <solid android:color="?attr/colorButtonNormal" />, which in turn points to #color/btn_default_material_light, which includes a selector:
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item android:state_enabled="false"
android:alpha="#dimen/disabled_alpha_material_light"
android:color="#color/button_material_light"/>
<item android:color="#color/button_material_light"/>
</selector>
But that alpha value only explains half of it. Somehow Lollipop also set the elevation down to 0?

This is how I resolved this, thanks to your partially answer.
First: add new Folder "color" under "res" folder, if it doesn`t exist.
Add new .xml file in "color" folder (I will call this file ButtonColorSelector.xml) where we will create new ColorStateList like this:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item android:state_enabled="false" android:color="#F2F2F2"/> <!-- disabled -->
<item android:state_pressed="true" android:color="#FF0000"/> <!-- pressed -->
<item android:state_focused="true" android:color="#FF0000"/> <!-- focused -->
<item android:color="#0000FF"/> <!-- default -->
</selector>
Second: Add that ripple effect .xml file you mentioned, under "drawable" folder and reference your colorSelector instead of btn_default_mtrl_shape. I will call this file RaisedButton.xml.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ripple xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:color="?attr/colorControlHighlight">
<item>
<shape>
<solid android:color="#color/buttoncolorselector"/>
<corners android:radius="5dp" />
</shape>
</item>
</ripple>
Third: Now you can use your drawable for button background in your layouts, like this:
<Button
android:background="#drawable/raisedbutton"
android:text="#string/SomeButton"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:onClick="DoStuffitto"
android:enabled="false"
android:id="#+id/someButton" />

Selector drawables

I have the following definition of an android style and selector applied to ListView, however I see no effect of gray gradient applied when I click on it. On click it immediately displays blue gradient.
As author of this example has written:
We want to apply this to our list selector. Instead of always showing
the same gradient, we want the gradient to change its start color from
grey to a light blue whenever a list item is pressed. Because we now
have two different list selectors—one for default state one for
pressed state—we need to keep them in separate files.
Can someone explain how it should be displayed properly ? Or I'm missing something ?
More general, what exactly I should expect to see on display screen ? Something like fluent transition from gray gradient to blue gradient on list item click ?
Update: this is how author 'sees' it, but when I click on item it looks only like on right side of picture. May I assume that author wants to see all items in list to be gray by default ? Or this state is not applicable to list view items ?
list_item_default.xml -> GRAY GRADIENT
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
<gradient
android:angle="0"
android:endColor="#FFFF"
android:startColor="#AFFF" />
<stroke
android:width="1dip"
android:color="#CCC" />
<corners android:radius="5px" />
</shape>
list_item_pressed.xml -> BLUE GRADIENT
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
<gradient
android:angle="0"
android:endColor="#FFFF"
android:startColor="#AA66CCFF" />
<stroke
android:width="1dip"
android:color="#CCC" />
<corners android:radius="5px" />
</shape>
list_selector.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item android:drawable="#drawable/list_item_default" android:state_pressed="false"/>
<item android:drawable="#drawable/list_item_pressed" android:state_pressed="true"/>
</selector>
styles.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
<style name="MyMoviesTheme" parent="#android:style/Theme.Black">
<item name="android:listViewStyle">#style/MyMoviesListView</item>
<item name="android:windowBackground">#drawable/film_bg</item>
</style>
<style name="MyMoviesTextAppearance" parent="#android:style/TextAppearance">
<!--<item name="android:textStyle">bold</item>-->
</style>
<style name="MyMoviesListView" parent="#android:Widget.ListView">
<item name="android:background">#color/list_background</item>
<item name="android:listSelector">#drawable/list_selector</item>
<item name="android:cacheColorHint">#android:color/transparent</item>
<item name="android:fastScrollEnabled">true</item>
<item name="android:footerDividersEnabled">false</item>
</style>
</resources>

Try adding a sentence：
<item
android:state_enabled="true"
android:drawable="#drawable/list_item_default"/>
<item
android:state_enabled="true"
android:drawable="#drawable/list_item_pressed"
android:state_pressed="true"/>

android pass color variable to a complex button style in XML

I have a style for button like : http://ace-subido.github.io/css3-microsoft-metro-buttons/buttons.html (See Stripped button).
But I want to be able to use this style for different colors without recreating 4 xml files (a selector drawable + 3 button states drawables with layer list).
In a btn_stripped_orange.xml (and 2 other xml for different button states) I have a color
With this syntax, evrything is ok :-)
But instead of creating 4 new xml files for every different colors, I want to "pass a color" to btn_stripped_orange.xml (so I should rename it to btn_stripped.xml).
In style.xml I have to call #drawable/btn_stripped_orange_selector
after this btn_stripped_orange_selector call
I think I have to pass the border_color variable to the style in styles.xml with call #drawable/btn_stripped_orange_selector
I want to just create new style with the #drawable/btn_stripped_orange_selector as android:background (and rename it) and the color varaible
This is the code that I'm trying to do (no error in eclipse, but app crash on run), If I replace ?attr/border_color with a color #color/orange for exemple, it works perfectly. I think it's just a syntax problem.
My themes.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
<style name="btn_orange" parent="#style/btStripped1">
<item name="border_color">#attr/border_color</item>
</style>
<attr name="border_color" format="color" />
</resources>
My btn_stripped_orange_selector.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item android:state_pressed="true" android:drawable="#drawable/btn_stripped_orange_press" />
<item android:state_focused="true" android:drawable="#drawable/btn_stripped_orange_focus" />
<item android:drawable="#drawable/btn_stripped_orange" />
</selector>
My btn_stripped_orange.xml (nearly the same than _focus and _press) :
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layer-list xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item>
<shape android:shape="rectangle">
<solid android:color="?attr/border_color" />
</shape>
</item>
<item android:left="5dp">
<shape android:shape="rectangle">
<solid android:color="#EEEEEE" />
</shape>
</item>
<item android:left="5dp">
<shape android:shape="rectangle">
<solid android:color="#EEEEEE" />
</shape>
</item>
</layer-list>
Finally in my styles.xml
<resources>
.....
<style name="btStripped1">
<!-- I want to pass a color variable here -->
<item name="android:background">#drawable/btn_stripped_orange_selector</item>
<item name="android:padding">6dp</item>
<item name="android:textColor">#android:color/black</item>
<item name="android:shadowColor">#android:color/white</item>
<item name="android:shadowDx">1</item>
<item name="android:shadowDy">1</item>
<item name="android:shadowRadius">1</item>
</style>
....
</resources>
I want a pure xml solution but if it's impossible and you have a solution with a bit of java code, your're welcome !
Thank you very very much for your help and sorry for average english !