Using style instead of android:textAppearance - android

android:textAppearance allows you to apply an additional layer of styling for certain attributes on text views. I'm wondering whether the flexibility of this feature outweighs its complexity.
Is android:textAppearance required for any technical or visual reason?
What might be the consequences of relying solely on style throughout a project and omitting the use of android:textAppearance in layouts?
What if it were omitted from styles too?
Here's two guides that recommend the use of android:textAppearance:
Styling Views on Android (Without Going Crazy)
TextAppearance allows you to merge two styles for some of the most
commonly modified text attributes. Take a look at all your styles: how
many of them only modify how the text looks? In those cases, you could
instead just modify the TextAppearance.
Best practices for happy Android resources
To ensure consistent-looking TextViews, do not define any of the TextAppearance attributes in a normal style, but always set a TextAppearance from your library on that style’s android:textAppearance field.

Looking at TextView.java, there don't appear to be any attributes that are defined by android:textAppearance that are not able to be set on a TextView directly. So there doesn't appear to be any technical reason that one needs to use them over defining attributes in styles directly, at least in one's ability to configure how a TextView looks.
This means that you can avoid using it in your layouts as well as your styles without any adverse effects, provided that you override all the associated attributes. The base theme defines many different standard android:textAppearances for the various widgets, so you should check that all the widgets are properly overridden.
Based on my experience, android:textAppearance is most useful if you wish your app to appear to integrate into the rest of the device. So if you need big text, you can use android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" and now your text is large! No need to know how many sp that means for the given device/screen size/etc..
However if your app is highly styled and you'd otherwise be overriding all the text sizes anyhow, the value-add of android:textAppearance diminishes. You can certainly use it as referenced in the posts above, but if that doesn't fit into your styling system, then feel free to omit it. It's just another tool to help you get a good-looking app across all devices.
I would also recommend making extra-sure that you try your app across a variety of devices if you choose not to use it, just to make sure that you didn't neglect to override a default android:textAppearance.

Related

Is textAppearance and inbuilt theme attribute in Android?

I've been learning more concepts in Android and came across textAppearance.
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"
I did some research on this and came to the conclusion that this syntax refers to attributes in the Theme whereas # syntax refers to resources in the project / framework.
However, in my theme.xml file, I didn't define any item by the name of textAppearanceLarge. Therefore, I was wondering, is textAppearance and inbuilt item in the theme which Android provides?
Also, some background information on this topic would be really helpful.
Thank you!!
Yes textAppearance is inbuilt property of Android SDK.
TextAppearance allows you to define text-specific styling while leaving a View’s style available for other uses. Note, however, that if you define any text attributes directly on the View or in a style, those values would override the TextAppearance values.
TextAppearance supports a subset of styling attributes that TextView offers. For the full attribute list.
You can also read the following blog by Google developer to understand it in deep.
https://medium.com/androiddevelopers/whats-your-text-s-appearance-f3a1729192d
And also can refer to google documentation to understand the technical aspect of it.
https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/look-and-feel/themes#textappearance
Use ctrl+ mouse_left_cllick to explore .......basically, it will direct you to the exact code.

Override a style in Android without modifying layout file

My experience up until now when dealing with styles has been to create a style.xml file and create the properties I want for the style. If I want my style to be based on an existing style, I use the parent attribute. I then specify the style inside of my layout file on the controls that I want to apply the style to.
Where I am at a loss is when I want to use system styles and only update certain properties. I am wondering whether I can leave the layout files alone and not bother applying any styles to the controls. Instead, I would somehow update the property of the system style and that would update everywhere in my app where that style is already being used by default.
More specifically, I want to change the background color of the Actionbar but haven't found a way of doing it other than the way I described above.
You're probably looking for themes, which are collections of styles, applied either globally throughout the application, or for each Activity in particular. Start with this document and investigate further.

Android custom gui-components?

Im searching for an android gui-library with more components i could use in my app.
Example:
A microcontroller sends the rpm of a motor (via bluetooth) to my smartphone.
And i want to use my smartphone in order to show the received rpm in progressbar-like element.
But the normal progressbar looks ugly, and i would have to progressbar.setClickable(false); .
As i said before
Im searching a library with more gui-elements(optional: i could modify, customize the outward appearance on my own)
Do anybody of you know about such a library ?
Thanks so far.
If you're just concerned about the external appearance of your GUI elements, I don't think there's any support for different UI elements than the ones provided. However, have you looked into a universal Theme and style for your application?
Here are some excerpts from that document:
A style is a collection of properties that specify the look and format
for a View or window. A style can specify properties such as height,
padding, font color, font size, background color, and much more. A
style is defined in an XML resource that is separate from the XML that
specifies the layout.
A theme is a style applied to an entire Activity or application,
rather than an individual View (as in the example above). When a style
is applied as a theme, every View in the Activity or application will
apply each style property that it supports. For example, you can apply
the same CodeFont style as a theme for an Activity and then all text
inside that Activity will have green monospace font.
Here are some resources which talk about themes:
Mobile Orchard Article
Android Engineer Article
Let me know if that's what you wanted. Themes give you almost infinite possibilities to modify outwards appearance.

Referencing an individual style attribute from layout xml?

Is it possible to do something like the following?
<LinearLayout android:id="#android:id/empty"
android:background="?android:style/Widget.ListView.overScrollFooter"
>
Left out all the unimportant layout stuff. I'm wondering if it's possible to reference one of the individual attributes of defined in a style?
Edit for more info: The default styles and attributes for many widgets are defined by Android, and customized further by phone manufacturers. That's how they can customize how a basic android widget looks. In my example, the footer of a listView will look different on a Samsung phone than on a HTC phone or on a default Google phone.
I would like to grab the attribute defined in the listview style (specifically the overscrollfooter drawable attribute), and use it as a background for one of my views. Technically speaking, I have a programmatic solution for this, but it's clunky, and requires that I repeat that code every time I use this view (which is in a lot of places).
No, I think a style is an all or none kinda of deal. I would place the footer in it's own style and import it into your primary style. That frees it up to be used (alone) in yout LinearLayout.

Preferred method for XML layouts: explicit attributes or styles.xml?

Currently I'm mixing explicit attributes (layout_width, height, alignment) on my various XML layouts with coded styles in styles.xml, plus outsourcing colors from colors.xml.
From your experience, what's the recommended way to organize an android app's layouts?
Usings styles is way more organized and makes the xml code easier to read, I think that the visual editor for layouts sucks, so the best way to edit is still to manual edit text the file. Easier reading is a big plus.
I use style anywhere im repeating layouts, something that is very useful is that any explicits attributes will override those of the style, so you can use styles and if what you need is almost the same, you just explicitly redifine the attribute.
Any time you need to fix a layout issue you can update the style and not need to update it a million times.
On the other hand if you are just using that layout "style" once, there is no reason to write an actual style for it, just do it all explicitly.

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