Develop Reference

Converting my Background Service to Android Oreo 8.0 Compatible

I have a service in my App which handles number of things. Sometimes when device is idle, the app crashes. And I know about the new Android 8.0 guidelines but I am not sure If I should convert my service to JobScheduler or take any other correct way. I can use some suggestions on which will be the best way to convert this service. Here is the code
HERE IS THE SERVICE :
public class ConnectionHolderService extends Service {
private static final String LOG_TAG = ConnectionHolderService.class.getSimpleName();
private SensorManager mSensorManager;
private static ConnectionHolderService instance = null;
public static ConnectionHolderService getInstanceIfRunningOrNull() {
return instance;
}
private class IncomingHandler extends Handler {
#Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
//some code
}
}
private Messenger mMessenger = new Messenger(new IncomingHandler());
public ConnectionHolderService() {
}
#Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
instance = this;
mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
#Override
public void onReceive(final Context context, Intent intent) {
//some code
}
#Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return mMessenger.getBinder();
}
private void startListeningForShake() {
mShakeEnabled = true;
startServiceToAvoidStoppingWhenNoClientBound(ACTION_STOP_SHAKE);
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.CUPCAKE) {
mSensorManager.registerListener(mSensorListener,
mSensorManager.getDefaultSensor(Sensor.TYPE_ACCELEROMETER),
SensorManager.SENSOR_DELAY_UI);
}
}
private void startServiceToAvoidStoppingWhenNoClientBound(String action) {
registerReceiver(mReceiver, new IntentFilter(action));
startService(new Intent(this, ConnectionHolderService.class));
final PowerManager pm = (PowerManager) getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);
lock = pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, ":Doze lock");
if (!lock.isHeld()) {
lock.acquire();
}
// When the Shake is active, we should not stop when UI unbinds from this service
startNotification();
}
private Notification getShakeServiceForegroundNotification() {
NotificationCompat.Builder notificationBuilder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this);
if (mShakeEnabled) {
notificationBuilder.addAction(0, getString(R.string.shake_turn_off),
PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this,
REQ_CODE_STAY_ON,
new Intent(ACTION_STOP_SHAKE),
PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT));
}
if (mPollingEnabled) {
// notificationBuilder.addAction(0, getString(R.string.stop_smart_home_integration),
// PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this,
// REQ_CODE_STAY_ON,
// new Intent(ACTION_STOP_POLLING_SQS),
// PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT));
}
Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class);
intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK | Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_RESET_TASK_IF_NEEDED);
notificationBuilder
.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.logo)
.setVisibility(NotificationCompat.VISIBILITY_PUBLIC)
.setUsesChronometer(true)
.setContentIntent(PendingIntent.getActivity(this, REQ_CODE_STAY_ON, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT))
.setContentTitle(getString(R.string.title_notification_running_background))
.setContentText(getString(R.string.description_running_background));
return notificationBuilder.build();
}
private void stopIfNeeded() {
if (!mShakeEnabled && !mPollingEnabled) {
try {
unregisterReceiver(mReceiver);
} catch (Exception e) {
// It can be IllegalStateException
}
stopNotification();
stopSelf();
if (lock != null && lock.isHeld()) {
lock.release();
}
}
}
public void startNotification() {
if (SqsPollManager.sharedInstance().isConnectInBackground() && !MyApp.sharedInstance().isAppInForeground()) {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.ECLAIR) {
startForeground(ID_SHAKE_SERVICE, getShakeServiceForegroundNotification());
}
}
}
public void stopNotification() {
mNotificationManager.cancel(ID_SHAKE_SERVICE);
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.ECLAIR) {
stopForeground(true);
}
}
#Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
mReceiver = null;
Log.i(LOG_TAG, "onDestroy");
mMessenger = null;
mSensorListener = null;
instance = null;
}
#Override
public void onTaskRemoved(Intent rootIntent) {
super.onTaskRemoved(rootIntent);
Log.i(LOG_TAG, "onTaskRemoved! Stopping ConnectionHolderService");
try {
unregisterReceiver(mReceiver);
} catch (Exception e) {
}
stopNotification();
stopSelf();
if (lock != null && lock.isHeld()) {
lock.release();
}
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.ECLAIR) {
stopForeground(true);
}
stopSelf();
}
}
HERE IS MY APP CLASS:
public class MyApp {
#Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
sendMessageToConnectionHolderService("SomeMessage");
}
public void sendMessageToConnectionHolderService(final int what) {
bindService(new Intent(this, ConnectionHolderService.class), new ServiceConnection() {
#Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
Log.i(LOG_TAG, "ConnectionHolderService connected!");
Messenger messenger = new Messenger(service);
Message msg = new Message();
msg.what = what;
try {
messenger.send(msg);
Log.i(LOG_TAG, "Message " + what + " has been sent to the service!");
} catch (RemoteException e) {
Log.e(LOG_TAG, "Error sending message " + msg.what + " to ConnectionHolderService", e);
}
final ServiceConnection conn = this;
new Handler().postDelayed(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
unbindService(conn);
}
}, 1000);
}
#Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
Log.i(LOG_TAG, "ConnectionHolderService disconnected!");
}
}, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
private Runnable mStartNotificationRunnable = new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
if (SqsPollManager.sharedInstance().isPollingEnabled()
&& SqsPollManager.sharedInstance().isConnectInBackground()
&& !isAppInForeground()) {
if (null != ConnectionHolderService.getInstanceIfRunningOrNull()) {
ConnectionHolderService.getInstanceIfRunningOrNull().startNotification();
}
}
}
};
private Runnable mStopNotificationRunnable = new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
if (null != ConnectionHolderService.getInstanceIfRunningOrNull()) {
ConnectionHolderService.getInstanceIfRunningOrNull().stopNotification();
}
}
};
}
AndroidManifest :
<service
android:name=".ConnectionHolderService"
android:enabled="true"
android:exported="false" />

You should consider using WorkManager. There are a lot of resources on how to use it, including samples, code-labs and blogs.
And if you are interested in JobScheduler in particular because of the Android 8.0 guidelines, I wrote a blog post that provides insights.

How to check if no beacons are available Android

I am trying to play around with Beacons and I have got this code:
By following this tutorial:
Activity2.java
public class Activity2 extends AppCompatActivity {
//String myString = MyViewClass.infoToPass;
public static final String TAG = "Airport";
TextView tvFooter;
private static final Map<String, List<String>> PLACES_BY_BEACONS;
// TODO: replace "<major>:<minor>" strings to match your own beacons.
static {
Map<String, List<String>> placesByBeacons = new HashMap<>();
placesByBeacons.put("22504:48827", new ArrayList<String>() {{
add("Heavenly Sandwiches");
// read as: "Heavenly Sandwiches" is closest
// to the beacon with major 22504 and minor 48827
add("Green & Green Salads");
// "Green & Green Salads" is the next closest
add("Mini Panini");
// "Mini Panini" is the furthest away
}});
placesByBeacons.put("648:12", new ArrayList<String>() {{
add("Mini Panini");
add("Green & Green Salads");
add("Heavenly Sandwiches");
}});
PLACES_BY_BEACONS = Collections.unmodifiableMap(placesByBeacons);
}
private List<String> placesNearBeacon(Beacon beacon) {
String beaconKey = String.format("%d:%d", beacon.getMajor(), beacon.getMinor());
if (PLACES_BY_BEACONS.containsKey(beaconKey)) {
return PLACES_BY_BEACONS.get(beaconKey);
}
return Collections.emptyList();
}
private BeaconManager beaconManager;
private Region region;
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_2);
//updateCordinate("Just some random text");
Log.d(TAG, "onCreate");
beaconManager = new BeaconManager(this);
beaconManager.setRangingListener(new BeaconManager.RangingListener() {
#Override
public void onBeaconsDiscovered(Region region, List<Beacon> list) {
Log.d(TAG, "onBeaconsDiscovered");
if (!list.isEmpty()) {
Beacon nearestBeacon = list.get(0);
List<String> places = placesNearBeacon(nearestBeacon);
// TODO: update the UI here
Log.d(TAG, "Nearest places: " + places);
}
else{
// this line is not executing
Log.d(TAG, "You are not in area of beacons");
}
}
});
region = new Region("ranged region", UUID.fromString("B9407F30-F5F8-466E-AFF9-25556B57FE6D"), null, null);
}
#Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
Log.d(TAG, "onResume");
SystemRequirementsChecker.checkWithDefaultDialogs(this);
beaconManager.connect(new BeaconManager.ServiceReadyCallback() {
#Override
public void onServiceReady() {
Log.d(TAG, "onServiceReady");
beaconManager.startRanging(region);
}
});
}
#Override
protected void onPause() {
beaconManager.stopRanging(region);
Log.d(TAG, "onPause");
super.onPause();
}
//public void updateCordinate(String text1) {
// tvFooter = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvFooter);
// tvFooter.setText("Location is :" + myString);
// }
}
Now what I want it:
If I don't have any Beacons around me, I want to check for it and store that value in some variable so that I can use it in other class (non-activity class).
Also how do I check for range from it? (I know it's beyond the scope of this question but little idea will be welcomed)

//you may ignore the notification code, for my usage of Beacons in my app, i
//to send notification to my app even through the app is not open when a beacon //is in/out range.
public class EstimoteService extends Service implements BeaconManager.RangingListener, BeaconManager.MonitoringListener {
private static final int NOTIFICATION_ID = 123;
private static final Region ALL_ESTIMOTE_BEACONS_REGION = new Region("regionId", null, null, null);
private Beacon beaconFound;
private NotificationManager notificationManager;
private BeaconManager beaconManager;
#Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
initResources();
}
#Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return null;
}
#Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
notificationManager.cancel(NOTIFICATION_ID);
// Default values are 5s of scanning and 25s of waiting time to save CPU cycles.
// In order for this demo to be more responsive and immediate we lower down those values.
beaconManager.setBackgroundScanPeriod(TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(1), 0);
beaconManager.connect(new BeaconManager.ServiceReadyCallback() {
#Override
public void onServiceReady() {
try {
beaconManager.startRanging(ALL_ESTIMOTE_BEACONS_REGION);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
return START_NOT_STICKY;
}
private void initResources() {
notificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
beaconManager = new BeaconManager(this);
beaconManager.setRangingListener(this);
beaconManager.setMonitoringListener(this);
}
#Override
public void onBeaconsDiscovered(Region region, List<Beacon> beacons) {
if (beaconFound == null) {
// Get the first available beaconFound
if (beacons.isEmpty())
return;
beaconFound = beacons.get(0);
final Region beaconRegion = new Region("regionId", beaconFound.getProximityUUID(), beaconFound.getMajor(), beaconFound.getMinor());
beaconManager.connect(new BeaconManager.ServiceReadyCallback() {
#Override
public void onServiceReady() {
try {
beaconManager.startMonitoring(beaconRegion);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
}
#Override
public void onEnteredRegion(Region region, List<Beacon> beacons) {
postNotification("Entered region");
System.out.println("---> enter region");
}
#Override
public void onExitedRegion(Region region) {
postNotification("Exited region");
System.out.println("---> exit region");
}
private void postNotification(String msg) {
NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this);
builder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.beacon_gray).setContentTitle("XXX").setContentText(msg);
notificationManager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, builder.build());
}
}

Issue in AltBeacon Monitoring and Ranging android

I am using this code for ranging and monitoring in Altbeacon
class Appclass extends Application implements BootstrapNotifier {
private RegionBootstrap regionBootstrap;
private BackgroundPowerSaver backgroundPowerSaver;
private boolean haveDetectedBeaconsSinceBoot = false;
public static Region region1;
private static boolean activityVisible;
public static Appclass instances;
public static BeaconManager beaconManager;
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
instances = this;beaconManager=org.altbeacon.beacon.BeaconManager.getInstanceForApplication(this);
beaconManager.getBeaconParsers().add(new BeaconParser()
.setBeaconLayout("m:2-3=0215,i:4-19,i:20-21,i:22-23,p:24-24"));
beaconManager.setForegroundScanPeriod(1100l);
beaconManager.setForegroundBetweenScanPeriod(0l);
beaconManager.setAndroidLScanningDisabled(true);
beaconManager.setBackgroundBetweenScanPeriod(01);
beaconManager.setBackgroundScanPeriod(1100l);
try {
beaconManager.updateScanPeriods();
} catch (Exception e) {
}
Log.d("", "setting up background monitoring for beacons and power saving");
// wake up the app when a beacon is seen
region1 = new Region("backgroundRegion",
null, null, null);
regionBootstrap = new RegionBootstrap(this, region1);
backgroundPowerSaver = new BackgroundPowerSaver(this);
}
#Override
public void didEnterRegion(Region region) {
Log.d("ABC", "Enter");
Log.d("ABC value", region.getId2() + " " + region.getId3());
try { Intent i = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), AbcService.class);
startService(i);
} catch (Exception e) {
}
}
#Override
public void didExitRegion(Region region) {
Log.d("ABC", "exit");
}
#Override
public void didDetermineStateForRegion(int i, Region region) {
}
and then in my AbcService class code is:
class AbcService extends Service implements BeaconConsumer, MonitorNotifier, RangeNotifier {
#Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return null;
}
#Override
public void onCreate() {
Appclass.beaconManager.bind(this);
super.onCreate();
}
#Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
try {
} catch (Exception e) {
}
return START_STICKY;
}
#Override
public void didRangeBeaconsInRegion(Collection<Beacon> collection, Region region) {
Log.d("ABC", "range");
}
#Override
public void onBeaconServiceConnect() {
Appclass.beaconManager.setMonitorNotifier(this);
Appclass.beaconManager.setRangeNotifier(this);
}
#Override
public void didEnterRegion(Region region) {
try {
Log.d("ABC", "didEnterRegion");
Log.d("ABC", "" + region.getId2() + region.getId3());
Appclass.beaconManager.startRangingBeaconsInRegion(Appclass.region1);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
#Override
public void didExitRegion(Region region) {
try {
Log.d("ABC", "didExitRegion");
Appclass.beaconManager.stopRangingBeaconsInRegion(Appclass.region1);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
#Override
public void didDetermineStateForRegion(int i, Region region) {
}
}
now issue are getting that the didEnterRegion method of Application class calling every time when we enter in beacon range but the didEnterRegion method of AbcService class not calling some time and also not start ranging. what is the issue in my code?

A few tips:
Start ranging the same time as you start monitoring. There is no reason to wait for an entered region callback or to stop ranging when you exit the region.
Add logging to didDetermineStateFirRegion. This method gets called when a beacon appears after app startup even if the device was already in region from when it was previously running. didEnterRegion only gets called if beacons matching the region actually disappear for 15+ seconds and then reappear.

How to set iBeacon scanning time in manuvally

I am using AltBeacon Library. I want to scan beacon in 5 min and 1 sec like that. My code not scanning properly on first time and second time scanning properly. please help me?
//this is my fragment class
public class LocationIdFragment extends Fragment {
#Override
public void onStart() {
super.onStart();
Intent intent = new Intent(getActivity(), SimpleService.class);
getActivity().getApplicationContext().startService(intent);
}
#Override
public void onResume() {
super.onResume();
Intent intent = new Intent(getActivity(), SimpleService.class);
getActivity().getApplicationContext().bindService(intent, mConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
#Override
public void onPause() {
super.onPause();
getActivity().getApplicationContext().unbindService(mConnection);
mBound = false;
}
#Override
public void onStop() {
super.onStop();
Intent intent = new Intent(getActivity(), SimpleService.class);
getActivity().getApplicationContext().stopService(intent);
}
}
//this is my service class
public class SimpleService extends Service implements BeaconConsumer {
#Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return mBinder;
}
#Override
public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {
return super.onUnbind(intent);
}
#Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
beaconManager = BeaconManager.getInstanceForApplication(getBaseContext());
beaconManager.getBeaconParsers().add(new BeaconParser().
setBeaconLayout("m:2-3=0215,i:4-19,i:20-21,i:22-23,p:24-24"));
beaconManager.setForegroundScanPeriod(1000);//this is not scanning properly
beaconManager.setBackgroundScanPeriod(1000);
beaconManager.setForegroundBetweenScanPeriod(301000);
beaconManager.setBackgroundBetweenScanPeriod(301000);
beaconManager.bind(SimpleService.this);
}
#Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
return START_STICKY;
}
#Override
public void onDestroy() {
try {
// Unbind scan beacon progress
if (beaconManager != null) {
beaconManager.unbind(SimpleService.this);
beaconManager.stopRangingBeaconsInRegion(new Region("sBeacon", null, null, null));
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
super.onDestroy();
}
#Override
public void onBeaconServiceConnect() {
beaconManager.setRangeNotifier(new RangeNotifier() {
#Override
public void didRangeBeaconsInRegion(Collection<Beacon> beacons, Region region) {
if (beacons.size() > 0) {
beacon = beacons.iterator().next();
getMajor = beacon.getId2().toString();//here i'm getting data
getMinor = beacon.getId3().toString();
beaconID = getMajor + "-" + getMinor;
DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("dd-MM-yyyy/hh:mm:ss.mmm");// i'm getting different time
String sDate = df.format(Calendar.getInstance().getTime());
String[] sDateTime = sDate.split("/");
}
}
});
try {
beaconManager.startRangingBeaconsInRegion(new Region("sBeacon", null, null, null));
Log.i(TAG, "*** startRangingBeaconsInRegion ***");
Logger.info(" LocationIdFragment : Start Ranging BeaconsInRegion ");
} catch (RemoteException e) {
Log.i(TAG, "RemoteException: " + e);
}
}
}

How do I implement background service for kontakt.io sdk?

If I enter a region of a beacon with my Android device I like to show a notification. Thats well documented at Android SDK Quickstart
This is just working as long as the app is active. How do I get notifications when the app is closed?

I build a service by myself:
BeaconRangingService.java
public class BeaconRangingService extends Service {
private static final String TAG = BeaconRangingService.class.getSimpleName();
private BeaconManager beaconManager;
#Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
beaconManager = BeaconManager.newInstance(getApplicationContext());
beaconManager.setMonitorPeriod(MonitorPeriod.MINIMAL);
beaconManager.setForceScanConfiguration(ForceScanConfiguration.DEFAULT);
beaconManager.registerMonitoringListener(new BeaconManager.MonitoringListener() {
#Override
public void onMonitorStart() {
Log.v(TAG, "start monitoring beacons");
}
#Override
public void onMonitorStop() {
Log.wtf(TAG, "stop monitoring beacons");
}
#Override
public void onBeaconsUpdated(Region region, List<Beacon> list) {
}
#Override
public void onBeaconAppeared(Region region, Beacon beacon) {
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Beacon appeared\n BEACON ID: " + beacon.getBeaconUniqueId(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
#Override
public void onRegionEntered(Region region) {
}
#Override
public void onRegionAbandoned(Region region) {
}
});
}
#Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
Log.v(TAG, "service started");
if (!beaconManager.isBluetoothEnabled()) {
Log.w(TAG, "bluetooth disabled, stop service");
stopSelf();
} else {
connect();
}
return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
}
#Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return null;
}
#Override
public void onDestroy() {
Log.v(TAG, "service destroyed");
beaconManager.stopMonitoring();
beaconManager.disconnect();
beaconManager = null;
super.onDestroy();
}
private void connectBeaconManager() {
try {
beaconManager.connect(new OnServiceBoundListener() {
#Override
public void onServiceBound() {
try {
HashSet<Region> regions = new HashSet<>();
regions.add(Region.EVERYWHERE);
beaconManager.startMonitoring(regions);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
} catch (RemoteException e) {
throw new IllegalStateException(e);
}
}
}
AndroidManifest.xml
<service
android:name="com.your.package.BeaconRangingService"
android:exported="false"/>
start service
Intent intent = new Intent(this, BeaconRangingService.class);
startService(intent);

I know nothing regarding kontakt.io but there is a library and reference app for AltBeacon which provides this functionality. https://github.com/AltBeacon
I believe this is generic Android functionality, and not anything magic to their implementation.

#erdna have you tested the sample kontakt admin app? There is an approach in which Toasts appear when the application is in foreground and standard notifications appear when the app is working in background.
https://github.com/kontaktio/kontakt-beacon-admin-sample-app

#erdna I guess that it should be IntentService for long running services, that monitors incoming beacon events as intents in a onHandleIntent(Intent intent) method. #dawid-gdanski I'm not sure what class do you refer to.