Android UI testing for MVVM architecture with Dagger2, Espresso and Mockito - android

I'm trying to add UI tests for the first time to an app, and I was looking at using espresso.
The app uses Dagger2 for DI with #Inject annotations for classes that should be injectable, and AndroidInjection/AndroidSupportInjection in screens (Activity / Fragment).
class Application : android.app.Application(), HasActivityInjector, HasServiceInjector {
...
override fun onCreate() {
super.onCreate()
initDagger()
Timber.d("Application initialized successfully!")
}
protected open fun initDagger() {
Components.initialize(this)
}
}
object Components : ComponentFactory {
private lateinit var sComponent: AppComponent
fun initialize(app: Application) {
sAppComponent = DaggerAppComponent.builder()
.applicationModule(ApplicationModule(this))
.build()
}
// overrides
}
interface ComponentFactory {
fun app(): AppComponent
fun authenticated(): AuthenticatedComponent
}
Next the Components and Modules. The AppActivitiesModule and AuthenticatedActivitiesModule are classes with #ContributesAndroidInjector for screens.
#Singleton
#Component(modules = [AppModule::class, AppActivitiesModule::class, AndroidInjectionModule::class, AndroidSupportInjectionModule::class])
interface AppComponent {
fun authenticatedComponentBuilder(): AuthenticatedComponent.Builder
fun inject(app: Application)
#Component.Builder
interface Builder {
fun build(): AppComponent
fun applicationModule(applicationModule: ApplicationModule): Builder
}
}
#Module
open class AppModule(private val application: Application) {
// some #Provides
}
#AuthenticatedScope
#Subcomponent(modules = [AuthenticatedModule::class, AuthenticatedActivitiesModule::class])
interface AuthenticatedComponent {
fun inject(application: Application)
#Subcomponent.Builder
interface Builder {
fun userModule(module: UserModule): Builder
fun build(): AuthenticatedComponent
}
}
#Module
class AuthenticatedModule(private val userId: Long,
private val userRole: User.Role) {
// Some #Provides #AuthenticatedScope
}
And a typical use case would be:
#Singleton
class AppLevelService
#Inject constructor(...) { ... }
#AuthenticatedScope
class AuthenticatedLevelServices
#Inject constructor(...) { ... }
class ViewModel
#Inject constructor(private val appService: AppLevelService,
private val authService: AuthenticatedLevelServices) { ... }
class MyActivity : BaseActivity {
#Inject
lateinit var vmProvider: Provide<ViewModel>
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
AndroidInjection.inject(this)
}
}
How can I make the test setup for this "type" of dagger usage?
I find a lot of examples of testing with dagger2 but for #Provides annotations, and I'm thinking there should be a way to mock injectable classes with #Inject.
I've tried DaggerMock but I get:
You must define overridden objects using a #Provides annotated method instead of using #Inject annotation
Not that it should affect anything, but I'm also using a custom Runner with DexOpener.
Any ideas or good documentation / examples for testing this setup?

Related

Implementing a simple Dagger2 sample

I'm new using Dagger2 (I always used Koin) and I'm trying to implement a simple sample but I don't really know what I'm missing. This is what I got so far.
app.gradle:
ext.daggerVersion = '2.23.2'
implementation "com.google.dagger:dagger:$daggerVersion"
implementation "com.google.dagger:dagger-android-support:$daggerVersion"
kapt "com.google.dagger:dagger-android-processor:$daggerVersion"
kapt "com.google.dagger:dagger-compiler:$daggerVersion"
AppModule.kt:
#Module
class AppModule {
#Provides
#Singleton
fun provideApplication(app: App): Application = app
#Provides
#Singleton
fun provideTestOperator(testOperator: TestOperator) = testOperator
#Provides
#Singleton
fun provideTestClass(testClass: TestClass) = testClass
}
AppComponent.kt:
#Singleton
#Component(modules = [
AndroidInjectionModule::class,
AppModule::class
])
interface AppComponent : AndroidInjector<App> {
#Component.Builder
interface Builder {
#BindsInstance
fun application(app: App): Builder
fun build(): AppComponent
}
}
TestClass.kt & TestOperator.kt in the same file:
class TestClass #Inject constructor(private val testOperator: TestOperator) {
fun getRandomValueFromCTest(): Int = testOperator.generateRandomNumber()
}
class TestOperator #Inject constructor() {
fun generateRandomNumber(): Int = Random.nextInt()
}
App.kt:
class App : DaggerApplication() {
override fun applicationInjector(): AndroidInjector<out DaggerApplication> {
return DaggerAppComponent.builder().application(this#App).build()
}
}
MainActivity.kt:
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
#Inject
lateinit var testClass: TestClass
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
}
override fun onResume() {
super.onResume()
val x = testClass.getRandomValueFromCTest()
}
}
Error: testClass == null
AppModule.kt: Provide the application context. No need to write #singleton #provides for your Test* classes (will see why)
#Module
class AppModule {
#Provides
#Singleton
fun provideApplication(app: App): Context = app.applicationContext
}
AppComponent.kt: #Component.Builder is deprecated IIRC. Use #Component.Factory. And replace AndroidInjectionModule::class with AndroidSupportInjectionModule::class since we are using dagger-android-support and android's *Compat* stuff. Refer a new module here called ActivityModule::class.
#Singleton
#Component(modules = [
ActivityModule::class
AndroidSupportInjectionModule::class,
AppModule::class
])
interface AppComponent : AndroidInjector<App> {
#Component.Factory
abstract class Factory : AndroidInjector.Factory<App>
}
TestClass.kt & TestOperator.kt: Since you were providing singletons by writing #singleton and #provides method, I assume you want them to be singletons. Just annotate the class definition with #Singleton and dagger will take care of it. No need to write #Provides methods.
#Singleton
class TestClass #Inject constructor(private val testOperator: TestOperator) {
fun getRandomValueFromCTest(): Int = testOperator.generateRandomNumber()
}
#Singleton
class TestOperator #Inject constructor() {
fun generateRandomNumber(): Int = Random.nextInt()
}
App.kt: Using factory instead of builder since #Component.Builder is deprecated.
class App : DaggerApplication() {
override fun applicationInjector(): AndroidInjector<out DaggerApplication> {
return DaggerAppComponent.factory().create(this)
}
}
ActivityModule.kt: Provide a module to dagger to create your activities.
#Module
interface ActivityModule {
#ContributesAndroidInjector
fun provideMainActivity(): MainActivity
}
MainActivity.kt: Finally, extend from DaggerAppCompatActivity.
class MainActivity : DaggerAppCompatActivity() {
#Inject
lateinit var testClass: TestClass
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
}
override fun onResume() {
super.onResume()
val x = testClass.getRandomValueFromCTest()
}
}
I believe this should run without issues. For more reference you could look into this sample and the new simpler docs at dagger.dev/android
You are missing the actual injection call.
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
#Inject
lateinit var testClass: TestClass
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
AndroidInjection.inject(this)
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
}
MainActivity should extends DaggerActivity, not AppCompatActivity

How to have view models implement test services, while dagger 2 setup extends DaggerApplication, and uses a Component.Builder

During testing, my view models are still using production services, and I want them to use test services. I'm using robolectric for testing, and still haven't found a solution to my problem.
What I thought would be most promising would be using a viewModelFactory generator in my test fragment, like ViewModelUtil.createFor(mockedViewModel) is used in the GitHubBrowserSample. But that's not working for me, my test services created in the mocked viewModel will then get replaced by production services when running startFragment as shown below.
My main application extends DaggerApplication() and my production component uses a #Component.Builder so I'm not able to specify a module in my building process.
Additionally, I've tried having TestAppComponent extend from my AppComponent but that doesn't seem to do the trick either.
I've also tried setting a builder as a static object in MyApplication.kt like so:
companion object {
var builder: AndroidInjector.Factory<MyApplication> =
DaggerAppComponent.builder()
}
...
override fun applicationInjector(): AndroidInjector<out DaggerApplication> {
return builder.create(this)
}
And in my FragmentTest.kt init doing something like:
private fun init() {
bagFragment = BagFragment.newInstance()
MyApplication.builder = DaggerTestAppComponent.builder()
SupportFragmentTestUtil.startFragment(bagFragment, AppCompatActivity::class.java)
}
But that doesn't work because of a type mismatches. If there was some solution where extending from DaggerApplication() was still a possibility I would be very interested in that.
Here's my setup:
AppComponent.kt
#Singleton
#Component(modules = [
AndroidInjectionModule::class,
AndroidSupportInjectionModule::class,
AppModule::class,
ActivityModule::class,
FragmentModule::class,
ProductionModule::class])
interface AppComponent : AndroidInjector<MyApplication>{
#Component.Builder
abstract class Builder : AndroidInjector.Builder<MyApplication>()
}
ProductionModule.kt
#Module
open class ProductionModule {
#Provides
fun browseCategoriesViewModel(authenticationService: AuthenticationService): BrowseCategoriesFragment.BrowseCategoriesViewModel{
return BrowseCategoriesFragment.BrowseCategoriesViewModel(authenticationService)
}
// Provides multiple things
...
ViewModelModule.kt
#Module
abstract class ViewModelModule {
#Binds
abstract fun bindViewModelFactory(factor: ViewModelFactory): ViewModelProvider.Factory
/*** Fragments ***/
#Binds
#IntoMap
#ViewModelKey(BagFragment.BagViewModel::class)
abstract fun bindBagViewModel(viewModel: BagFragment.BagViewModel): ViewModel
MyApplication.kt
class MyApplication: DaggerApplication(), HasActivityInjector, HasSupportFragmentInjector {
#Inject
lateinit var sharedPreferencesService: SharedPreferencesService
#Inject
lateinit var activityInjector: DispatchingAndroidInjector<Activity>
#Inject
lateinit var supportFragmentInjector: DispatchingAndroidInjector<Fragment>
override fun attachBaseContext(base: Context?) {
super.attachBaseContext(base)
MultiDex.install(this)
}
override fun applicationInjector(): AndroidInjector<out DaggerApplication> {
return DaggerAppComponent.builder().create(this)
}
override fun activityInjector() = activityInjector
override fun supportFragmentInjector() = supportFragmentInjector
}
The AppModule, FragmentModule, and ActivityModule are set up according to documentation, and haven't given me any issues.
Here is my test setup:
TestAppComponent.kt
#Singleton
#Component(modules =[
AndroidInjectionModule::class,
AndroidSupportInjectionModule::class,
TestModule::class])
interface TestAppComponent: AndroidInjector<MyApplication>{
#Component.Builder
abstract class Builder: AndroidInjector.Builder<MyApplication>()
}
TestModule.kt
#Module
internal class TestModule {
#Provides
fun bagViewModel(dataService: FakeDataService,
authenticationService: FakeAuthenticationService,
favoritesService: FakeFavoritesService,
cartService: FakeCartService): BagFragment.BagViewModel {
return BagFragment.BagViewModel(dataService, authenticationService, favoritesService, cartService)
}
#Provides
#Singleton
fun dataService(): FakeDataService = FakeDataService()
#Provides
#Singleton
fun authenticationService(): FakeAuthenticationService = FakeAuthenticationService()
// provides many other things
My current test fragment init method looks like this:
private fun init() {
bagFragment = BagFragment.newInstance()
SupportFragmentTestUtil.startFragment(bagFragment, AppCompatActivity::class.java)
}
Last but not least, an example production fragment:
BagFragment.kt
#Inject
lateinit var viewModelFactory: ViewModelProvider.Factory
lateinit var viewModel: BagViewModel
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
AndroidSupportInjection.inject(this)
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
viewModel = ViewModelProviders.of(this, viewModelFactory).get(BagViewModel::class.java)
}
When I call SupportFragmentTestUtil.startFragment() i'm assuming that AndroidInjection.inject(this) will replace my fake test module with the production module. I've also tried putting AndroidInjection.inject(this) in an init method as opposed to onCreate but that gives me problems else where and is contrary to documentation. Please help!

Android Kotlin with Dagger2, lateinit var has not been initialized

I'm a Dagger newb and have a trouble with using it.
What I want to develop is that using RxAndroidBle and to initialize it by Dagger for providing Context.
So I researched how it can be implemented, and I wrote some codes and It seems to be working for me but not working at all.
The followings are my codes.
AppComponent.kt
#Singleton
#Component(modules = [
AppModule::class,
BluetoothModule::class,
AndroidInjectionModule::class])
interface AppComponent : AndroidInjector<BluetoothController> {
#Component.Builder
interface Builder {
#BindsInstance
fun application(app: Application): Builder
fun build(): AppComponent
}
}
AppModule.kt
#Module
class AppModule {
#Provides
#Named("appContext")
#Singleton
fun provideContext(application: Application): Context =
application.applicationContext
}
BluetoothModule.kt
#Module
class BluetoothModule {
#Provides
#Named("rxBleClient")
#Singleton
fun provideRxBleClient(#Named("appContext") context: Context):RxBleClient =
RxBleClient.create(context)
}
BluetoothController.kt for injecting by DaggerApplication.
class BluetoothController : DaggerApplication() {
override fun applicationInjector(): AndroidInjector<out DaggerApplication> {
return DaggerAppComponent.builder().application(this).build()
}
}
I've inserted
android:name".BluetoothController"
to AndroidManifest.xml
And this is how I would use it.
#field:[Inject Named("rxBleClient")]
lateinit var rxBleClient: RxBleClient
But it always occurs an error says: lateinit property context has not been initialized
What things I've missed? Can anyone help me?
Thanks in advance.
Add the below code to make this happen.
Create ActivityBuilderModule for injecting within the activity. Consider our activity as MainActivity
#Module
abstract class ActivityBuilderModule {
#ContributesAndroidInjector(modules=[MainActivityModule::class])
abstract fun contributeSplashActivity(): MainActivity
}
Create your MainActivityModule
#Module
class MainActivityModule{
#Provides()
fun contributeSplashActivity(mainActivity: MainActivity):
MainActivity=mainActivity
}
Modify your component.
#Singleton
#Component(modules = [
AppModule::class,
BluetoothModule::class,
ActivityBuilderModule::class,
AndroidInjectionModule::class])
interface AppComponent : AndroidInjector<BluetoothController> {
#Component.Builder
interface Builder {
#BindsInstance
fun application(app: Application): Builder
fun build(): AppComponent
}
}
Within MainActivity just inject.
class MainActivity{
...
#Inject
lateinit var rxBleClient: RxBleClient
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
AndroidInjection.inject(this)
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
}
}
Let us know in case of any issue.
the context object is not initialized before its called
Though i dont know, how chained your initialization are.
Use #Inject to add deppendencies, do something like this
#Module
class BluetoothModule(val context : Context) {
//#Inject private lateinit var context : Context
#Provides
#Named("rxBleClient")
#Singleton
fun provideRxBleClient():RxBleClient =
RxBleClient.create(context)
}
let your call be like this
val component = AppComponent()
component.bluetoothModule(appContext)
.//other calls here
.build()

Injecting dependencies in a Android ViewModel?

Hi i have a ViewModel that has two var's that get injected using Dagger 2.11.
However it never gets injected in my viewModel whilst everywhere else in my app, these same dependecy Vars get initialised and injected perfectly
Below is my viewModel
class MyViewModel : AndroidViewModel, MyViewModelContract {
private lateinit var pointsBalance: MutableLiveData<PointsBalance>
#Inject
lateinit var accountDelegator: AccountDelegatorContract
#Inject
constructor(application: Application) : super(application)
init {
DaggerApplicationComponent.builder().application(getApplication() as MyApplication).build().inject(this)
}
override fun getPointsBalance(): LiveData<PointsBalance> {
if (!this::pointsBalance.isInitialized) {
//get balance from network api etc
}
return pointsBalance
}
accountDelegator complains that it is not initialised
Below is how i bind this viewModel inside MyModule.class
#Provides
#JvmStatic
#Singleton
fun providesViewModel(viewModel: MyViewModel): MyViewModelContract = viewModel
my custom application
class MyApplication : DaggerApplication() {
override fun applicationInjector(): AndroidInjector<out DaggerApplication> {
val applicationComponent = DaggerApplicationComponent.builder()
.application(this)
.build()
applicationComponent.inject(this)
return applicationComponent
}
}
my applicationComponent
#Singleton
#Component(modules = arrayOf(MyModule::class,
))
interface ApplicationComponent : AndroidInjector<DaggerApplication> {
fun inject(mApplication: MyApplication)
override fun inject(instance: DaggerApplication)
#Component.Builder
interface Builder {
#BindsInstance
fun application(applicaton: MyApplication): Builder
fun build(): ApplicationComponent
}
}
How i use this viewmodel in a activity/fragment
viewModel = ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(MyViewModel::class.java)
I believe issue is that you're not calling inject. You'd need for a start to add following to ApplicationComponent
void inject(MyViewModel viewModel);
What I'm doing here then fwiw is inheriting from AndroidViewModel (which gives access to application instance) then calling following in ViewModel class (you'd need to substitute DaggerProvider.getComponent with however you're accessing component in your code)
init {
DaggerProvider.getComponent(application).inject(this)
}

How to inject Context into a Presenter using Dagger 2

I've been checking recently Dagger 2.14.1 with the new Android injectors.
I'm using MVP and the Presenter is getting inject into the View correctly:
class CustomApplication : Application(), HasActivityInjector {
#Inject
lateinit var activityDispatchingAndroidInjector: DispatchingAndroidInjector<Activity>
override fun attachBaseContext(base: Context) {
super.attachBaseContext(base)
MultiDex.install(this)
}
override fun onCreate() {
super.onCreate()
DaggerApplicationComponent
.builder()
.create(this)
.inject(this)
}
override fun activityInjector(): DispatchingAndroidInjector<Activity> {
return activityDispatchingAndroidInjector
}
}
--
#Singleton
#Suppress("UNUSED")
#Component(modules = arrayOf(AndroidInjectionModule::class, ApplicationModule::class, ActivityBuilder::class))
interface ApplicationComponent : AndroidInjector<CustomApplication> {
#Component.Builder
abstract class Builder : AndroidInjector.Builder<CustomApplication>()
override fun inject(application: CustomApplication)
}
--
#Module
class ApplicationModule {
#Provides
#Singleton
fun provideContext(application: Application): Context {
return application
}
}
--
#Module
#Suppress("UNUSED")
abstract class ActivityBuilder {
#ContributesAndroidInjector(modules = arrayOf(ActivitiesModule::class))
internal abstract fun bindSplashActivity(): SplashActivity
}
--
#Singleton
class SplashPresenter #Inject constructor() {
fun test() {
Log.d("TAG", "this is a test")
}
}
Now, instead of having the logged message harcoded, I would like to get it from string.xml, so I tried this:
#Singleton
class SplashPresenter #Inject constructor(private val context: Context) {
fun test() {
Log.d("TAG", context.getString(R.strings.test))
}
}
But then I get this error:
Error:(7, 1) error: [dagger.android.AndroidInjector.inject(T)]
android.app.Application cannot be provided without an #Inject
constructor or from an #Provides-annotated method.
Could anyone tell me please how to inject the app context (or the resources) into the presenter?
Thanks.
You're using CustomApplication with Dagger in your ApplicationComponent, so that's what it knows about. It doesn't try to resolve types on its own, so Application is some class Dagger never heard about.
You can either add another #Provides / #Binds to bind CustomApplication > Application > Context or just go the direct way and change your code to require a CustomApplication instead of Application:
#Provides
#Singleton
fun provideContext(application: CustomApplication): Context {
return application
}
// ... or alternatively ...
#Provides
#Singleton
fun provideApplication(application: CustomApplication): Application {
return application
}
#Provides
#Singleton
fun provideContext(application: Application): Context {
return application
}
Either way your application can then be used as a Context.

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