Develop Reference

How to access the entire TV Provider database by TV Input Manager?

According to the Android docs
TV Inputs provided and signed by the device manufacturer (signature
apps) or other apps installed in the system partition will have access
to the entire TV Provider database. This access can be used to
construct apps to browse and search across all available TV channels
and programs.
Assuming I signed as device manufacturer or installed app in system partition, how can I access the TvProvider and thus its channel information?
EDIT:
val tifSupport: Boolean = packageManager.hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_LIVE_TV)
Log.d("XXX", "TIF Support ? $tifSupport")
This line says true. Then I run these lines:
val tvInputManager = applicationContext.getSystemService(TV_INPUT_SERVICE) as TvInputManager?
Log.d("XXX", "TvInputManager $tvInputManager")
val il = tvInputManager?.tvInputList
Log.d("XXX", "TvInputList size --> ${il?.size}")
tvInputManager?.tvInputList?.forEach { info ->
Log.d("XXX", "TvInputListInfo ${info.id} ${info.serviceInfo} # ${info.extras.size()}")
}
First log prints
TvInputManager android.media.tv.TvInputManager#95728c2
so the tvInputManager looks valid. Second shows 0 as the TvInputList size and thus third log (in forEach()) is not printed at all.

You have to start with background for Android. By provider in the doc, they mean ContentProvider, which will share information between process within Android. Now to start with:
If TV Provider supported by our system.
If All the Manifest Permission set to the application
If Application installed under the system apps (and has right SE Policy)
Then you will be able to use ContentProvider to fetch all kind of information you need. To see the full support for TVContent Provider you can refer to this file (ensure it's aligned with your Android OS version) and other AOSP information. For ex.
/**
* Returns the current list of channels your app provides.
*
* #param resolver Application's ContentResolver.
* #return List of channels.
*/
public static List<Channel> getChannels(ContentResolver resolver) {
List<Channel> channels = new ArrayList<>();
// TvProvider returns programs in chronological order by default.
Cursor cursor = null;
try {
cursor = resolver.query(Channels.CONTENT_URI, Channel.PROJECTION, null, null, null);
if (cursor == null || cursor.getCount() == 0) {
return channels;
}
while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
channels.add(Channel.fromCursor(cursor));
}
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.w(TAG, "Unable to get channels", e);
} finally {
if (cursor != null) {
cursor.close();
}
}
return channels;
}
Another ex.
TvInputManager tv = (TvInputManager)getApplicationContext().getSystemService(Context.TV_INPUT_SERVICE);
List<TvInputInfo> list = tv.getTvInputList();
String[] projection = {
TvContract.Channels._ID,
TvContract.Channels.COLUMN_DISPLAY_NUMBER
};
ContentResolver cr = getContentResolver();
Iterator<TvInputInfo> it = list.iterator();
while(it.hasNext()) {
TvInputInfo aux = it.next();
Uri uri = TvContract.buildChannelsUriForInput(aux.getId());
Log.d("TAG", uri.toString());
Log.d("TAG", aux.toString());
Cursor cur = cr.query(uri, projection, null, null ,null);
Log.d("TAG", cur.toString());
if(cur.moveToFirst()) {
Log.d("TAG", "not empty cursors");
}
}
UPDATE:
The basic permission you should have(Also refer to the official documentation):
<uses-permission android:name="com.android.providers.tv.permission.READ_EPG_DATA" />
<uses-permission android:name="com.android.providers.tv.permission.WRITE_EPG_DATA" />
<uses-permission android:name="com.android.providers.tv.permission.ACCESS_ALL_EPG_DATA"/>

Preventing an android app being cloned by an app cloner

Created an app that used the device's uniqueID which is fetched by the following code snippet
String deviceId = Settings.Secure.getString(getContentResolver(),
Settings.Secure.ANDROID_ID);
When the user tries to clone the app by app cloner, then it creates a different deviceID and the app is not allowed to work
Is there any way to make our app non clonable
or
Any possible way to have the same deviceId even if the app instance is cloned?
Is there any way to find out whether the app is running in a cloned instance?

Applications like Cloner usually change your application's package name so you can retrieve package name and check if it is changed or not.
if (!context.getPackageName().equals("your.package.name")){
// close the app or do whatever
}
Also they usually sign cloned apk so the signature might be different from yours, you can check if signature is changed or not. I usually use this function:
#SuppressLint("PackageManagerGetSignatures")
public static int getCertificateValue(Context ctx){
try {
Signature[] signatures = null;
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.P) {
try {
signatures = ctx.getPackageManager().getPackageInfo(ctx.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_SIGNING_CERTIFICATES).signingInfo.getApkContentsSigners();
}catch (Throwable ignored){}
}
if (signatures == null){
signatures = ctx.getPackageManager().getPackageInfo(ctx.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_SIGNATURES).signatures;
}
int value = 1;
for (Signature signature : signatures) {
value *= signature.hashCode();
}
return value;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return 0;
}
public static boolean checkCertificate(Context ctx, int trustedValue){
return getCertificateValue(ctx) == trustedValue;
}
Before releasing your app call getCertificateValue(context) and write down the value and alongside with package name, check if that value matches the value that you get in runtime.
PS: as #vladyslav-matviienko said hackers will always find a way so try to make cloning harder by running some obfuscations on hardcoded package name and that value. Also try to tangle and spread these kind of logics all around the source code.

I found a story in proandroiddev by Siddhant Panhalkar and with some minor changes it's work perfectly in Mi device I did checked in Mi phones default Dual apps and some third party apps from playstore and it prevents from cloning (means not working properly after clone).
private const val APP_PACKAGE_DOT_COUNT = 3 // number of dots present in package name
private const val DUAL_APP_ID_999 = "999"
private const val DOT = '.'
fun CheckAppCloning(activity: Activity) {
val path: String = activity.filesDir.getPath()
if (path.contains(DUAL_APP_ID_999)) {
killProcess(activity)
} else {
val count: Int = getDotCount(path)
if (count > APP_PACKAGE_DOT_COUNT) {
killProcess(activity)
}
}
}
private fun getDotCount(path: String): Int {
var count = 0
for (element in path) {
if (count > APP_PACKAGE_DOT_COUNT) {
break
}
if (element == DOT) {
count++
}
}
return count
}
private fun killProcess(context: Activity) {
context.finish()
android.os.Process.killProcess( android.os.Process.myPid())
}

How to Implicitly get ParseUser's Write ACL

implicitly meaning considering the Roles the user is in, get me the write access for this user on this object, and my approaches are inefficient, I think:
Cloud code function for querying the user's roles then checking whether the user or his roles have right access to the object.
Parse.Cloud.define("hasWriteAccess", function(request, response){
var query = new Parse.Query(Parse.Role);
query.equalTo("users", request.user);
query.find().then(function(roles){
var hasWriteAccess = false;
for (var i = 0; i < roles.length; i++) {
if (request.params.parseObject.getACL().getRoleWriteAccess(roles[i])) {
hasWriteAccess = true;
break;
}
}
response.success(hasWriteAccess);
});
});
Android user's roles query and locally checking write access
public static Task<Boolean> hasWriteAccess(final ParseObject parseObject) {
final TaskCompletionSource<Boolean> voidTaskCompletionSource = new TaskCompletionSource<>();
ParseRole.getQuery().whereEqualTo("users", ParseUser.getCurrentUser()).findInBackground().continueWith(new Continuation<List<ParseRole>, Object>() {
#Override
public Object then(Task<List<ParseRole>> task) throws Exception {
if (task.getError() == null) {
List<ParseRole> parseRoles = task.getResult();
boolean hasWriteAccess = false;
for (ParseRole parseRole : parseRoles) {
if (parseObject.getACL().getRoleWriteAccess(parseRole)) {
hasWriteAccess = true;
break;
}
}
voidTaskCompletionSource.trySetResult(hasWriteAccess);
} else {
voidTaskCompletionSource.trySetError(task.getError());
}
return null;
}
});
return voidTaskCompletionSource.getTask();
}
from Parse Documentation
Get whether the given user id is explicitly allowed to write this object. Even if this
returns {#code false}, the user may still be able to write it if getPublicWriteAccess returns
{#code true} or a role that the user belongs to has write access.
*/
I can't use these methods on my main posts activity because they are slow network requests, and waiting for the request to finish before querying for the posts results in bad user experience.
This solution won't work because the query won't return the nested roles roles relation, So any suggestions?

Issues traversing through directory hierarchy with Android Storage Access Framework / DocumentProvider using MTP

UPDATE:
My initial question may be misleading so I want to rephrase it:
I want to traverse through the hierarchy tree from an MTP connected device through Android's Storage Access Framework. I can't seem to achieve this because I get a SecurityException stating that a subnode is not a descendant of its parent node. Is there a way to workaround this issue? Or is this a known issue? Thanks.
I'm writing an Android application that attempts to traverse and access documents through the hierarchy tree using Android's Storage Access Framework (SAF) via the MtpDocumentsProvider. I am more or less following the code example described in https://github.com/googlesamples/android-DirectorySelection on how to launch the SAF Picker from my app, select the MTP data source, and then, in onActivityResult, use the returned Uri to traverse through the hierarchy. Unfortunately, this doesn't seem to work because as soon as I access a sub-folder and try to traverse that, I always get a SecurityException stating that document xx is not a descendant of yy
So my question is, using the MtpDocumentProvider, how can I successfully traverse through the hierarchy tree from my app and avoid this exception?
To be specific, in my app, first, I call the following method to launch the SAF Picker:
private void launchStoragePicker() {
Intent browseIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_OPEN_DOCUMENT_TREE);
browseIntent.addFlags(
Intent.FLAG_GRANT_PERSISTABLE_URI_PERMISSION
| Intent.FLAG_GRANT_PREFIX_URI_PERMISSION
| Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION
| Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION
);
startActivityForResult(browseIntent, REQUEST_CODE_OPEN_DIRECTORY);
}
The Android SAF picker then launches, and I see my connected device recognized as the MTP data source. I select said data source and I get the Uri from my onActivityResult:
#Override
public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE_OPEN_DIRECTORY && resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
traverseDirectoryEntries(data.getData()); // getData() returns the root uri node
}
}
Then, using the returned Uri, I call DocumentsContract.buildChildDocumentsUriUsingTree to get a Uri which I can then use to query and access the tree hierarchy:
void traverseDirectoryEntries(Uri rootUri) {
ContentResolver contentResolver = getActivity().getContentResolver();
Uri childrenUri = DocumentsContract.buildChildDocumentsUriUsingTree(rootUri, DocumentsContract.getTreeDocumentId(rootUri));
// Keep track of our directory hierarchy
List<Uri> dirNodes = new LinkedList<>();
dirNodes.add(childrenUri);
while(!dirNodes.isEmpty()) {
childrenUri = dirNodes.remove(0); // get the item from top
Log.d(TAG, "node uri: ", childrenUri);
Cursor c = contentResolver.query(childrenUri, new String[]{Document.COLUMN_DOCUMENT_ID, Document.COLUMN_DISPLAY_NAME, Document.COLUMN_MIME_TYPE}, null, null, null);
try {
while (c.moveToNext()) {
final String docId = c.getString(0);
final String name = c.getString(1);
final String mime = c.getString(2);
Log.d(TAG, "docId: " + id + ", name: " + name + ", mime: " + mime);
if(isDirectory(mime)) {
final Uri newNode = DocumentsContract.buildChildDocumentsUriUsingTree(rootUri, docId);
dirNodes.add(newNode);
}
}
} finally {
closeQuietly(c);
}
}
}
// Util method to check if the mime type is a directory
private static boolean isDirectory(String mimeType) {
return DocumentsContract.Document.MIME_TYPE_DIR.equals(mimeType);
}
// Util method to close a closeable
private static void closeQuietly(Closeable closeable) {
if (closeable != null) {
try {
closeable.close();
} catch (RuntimeException re) {
throw re;
} catch (Exception ignore) {
// ignore exception
}
}
}
The first iteration on the outer while loop succeeds: the call to query returned a valid Cursor for me to traverse. The problem is the second iteration: when I try to query for the Uri, which happens to be a subnode of rootUri, I get a SecurityException stating the document xx is not a descendent of yy.
D/MyApp(19241): node uri: content://com.android.mtp.documents/tree/2/document/2/children
D/MyApp(19241): docId: 4, name: DCIM, mime: vnd.android.document/directory
D/MyApp(19241): node uri: content://com.android.mtp.documents/tree/2/document/4/children
E/DatabaseUtils(20944): Writing exception to parcel
E/DatabaseUtils(20944): java.lang.SecurityException: Document 4 is not a descendant of 2
Can anyone provide some insight as to what I'm doing wrong? If I use a different data source provider, for example, one that is from external storage (i.e. an SD Card attached via a standard USB OTG reader), everything works fine.
Additional information:
I'm running this on a Nexus 6P, Android 7.1.1, and my app minSdkVersion is 19.

I am using your code to go in sub folders with adding lines:
Uri childrenUri;
try {
//for childs and sub child dirs
childrenUri = DocumentsContract.buildChildDocumentsUriUsingTree(uri, DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri));
} catch (Exception e) {
// for parent dir
childrenUri = DocumentsContract.buildChildDocumentsUriUsingTree(uri, DocumentsContract.getTreeDocumentId(uri));
}

The flags added before start activity for result do nothing.
I do not understand that you use DocumentsContract. The user picks a directory. From the uri you get you can construct a DocumentFile for that directory.
After that use DocumentFile::listFiles() on that instance to get a list of subdirectories and files.

After different attempts, I'm not sure there is a way around this SecurityException for an MTP Data Source (unless someone can refute me on this). Looking at the DocumentProvider.java source code and the stack trace, it appears that the call to DocumentProvider#isChildDocument inside DocumentProvider#enforceTree may not have been properly overriden in the MtpDocumentProvider implementation in the Android framework. Default implementation always returns false. #sadface

Not fully listing Google Drive folders and files in Android app

I am trying to access all files and folders from google drive to a arraya list. But I can get only one file from Drive. What to do get all files and folders from google drive. I am using the following code..
Thanks
Arun
public void onConnected(Bundle connectionHint) {
// Log.i(TAG, "API client connected.");
Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "Successfully logged in", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
DriveFolder s = Drive.DriveApi.getRootFolder(mGoogleApiClient);
String s1 = (Drive.DriveApi.getRootFolder(mGoogleApiClient)).getDriveId().toString();
DriveId sFolderId2 = DriveId.decodeFromString(s1);
DriveId sFolderId = (Drive.DriveApi.getRootFolder(mGoogleApiClient)).getDriveId();
DriveFolder folder = Drive.DriveApi.getFolder(mGoogleApiClient, sFolderId);
folder.listChildren(mGoogleApiClient).setResultCallback(rootFolderCallback);
// findAll(folder);
}
public ResultCallback<DriveApi.MetadataBufferResult> rootFolderCallback = new
ResultCallback<DriveApi.MetadataBufferResult>() {
#Override
public void onResult(DriveApi.MetadataBufferResult result) {
if (!result.getStatus().isSuccess()) {
return;
}
resultarray = new ArrayList<String>();
int hh = result.getMetadataBuffer().getCount();
for (int i = 0; i < result.getMetadataBuffer().getCount(); i++) {
resultarray.add(result.getMetadataBuffer().get(i).getTitle());
}
Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "Successfully listed files.", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
};

UPDATE (Aug 25, 2015, 10:39 MST)
Based on your comment below, you have 2 options:
1/ Stay with the GDAA, use one of the INTENTS:
- Pick a file with opener activity
- Pick a folder with opener activity
See, GDAA does not let your app see anything it did not create (SCOPE_FILE only), but it still allows user to browse everything. If the user selects a file, it will become visible to you app. I don't know your app's intentions, so I can't say if this approach is usable.
2/ Switch to the REST with the DRIVE scope and your app will see everything (user has to approve up front). The basic CRUD implementation can be found here but make sure you change the scope in the init() method to 'DriveScopes.DRIVE'.
In case your app needs to iterate down the folder tree, collecting files in the process, both 'testTree()' and 'deleteTree()' methods in the MainActivity() do exactly that.
You may also stay with the GDAA and add REST functionality to it by adding
com.google.api.services.drive.Drive mGOOSvc = new Drive.Builder(AndroidHttp.newCompatibleTransport(), new GsonFactory(),
GoogleAccountCredential.usingOAuth2(appContext, Collections.singletonList(DriveScopes.DRIVE))
.setSelectedAccountName(email)
but you will sooner or later run into problems caused by GDAA caching / latency.
ORIGINAL ANSWER
Try this approach:
private static GoogleApiClient mGAC;
/****************************************************************************
* find file/folder in GOODrive
* #param prnId parent ID (optional), null searches full drive, "root" searches Drive root
* #param titl file/folder name (optional)
* #param mime file/folder mime type (optional)
* #return arraylist of found objects
*/
static void search(String prnId, String titl, String mime) {
if (mGAC != null && mGAC.isConnected()) {
// add query conditions, build query
ArrayList<Filter> fltrs = new ArrayList<>();
if (prnId != null){
fltrs.add(Filters.in(SearchableField.PARENTS,
prnId.equalsIgnoreCase("root") ?
Drive.DriveApi.getRootFolder(mGAC).getDriveId() : DriveId.decodeFromString(prnId)));
}
if (titl != null) fltrs.add(Filters.eq(SearchableField.TITLE, titl));
if (mime != null) fltrs.add(Filters.eq(SearchableField.MIME_TYPE, mime));
Query qry = new Query.Builder().addFilter(Filters.and(fltrs)).build();
// fire the query
Drive.DriveApi.query(mGAC, qry).setResultCallback(new ResultCallback<MetadataBufferResult>() {
#Override
public void onResult(MetadataBufferResult rslt) {
if (rslt != null && rslt.getStatus().isSuccess()) {
MetadataBuffer mdb = null;
try {
mdb = rslt.getMetadataBuffer();
if (mdb != null ) for (Metadata md : mdb) {
if (md == null || !md.isDataValid()) continue;
String title = md.getTitle();
DriveId driveId = md.getDriveId();
//.......
}
} finally { if (mdb != null) mdb.close(); }
}
}
});
}
}
Call it first with NULLs
search(null,null,null)
To list all the files in your Google Drive. You will see all the files your Android App created. But only those - FILE scope does not see anything else.
If you need to scan the directory tree, you may look closer at this GDAA demo, in MainActivity, there is are 'testTree()' / 'deleteTree() methods that recursively scan the directory tree structure.
Also, you may look at the answer here, it deals with a similar issue (especially the comments exchange under the answer).
Good Luck

Please note that you can use GDAA to retrieve the files and folder that you have either uploaded from the Android Device or downloaded via the drive app. This is to have more security (as quoted by Google).
In he code you need to ensure that you are trying all possible combinations for the files that may be present in your Google Drive account. For example, check if you are tracking the parent of a file or a folder. If this condition is not met your app wont be able to retrieve those specific files.
/** Get the list of parents Id in ascending order. */
private List<String> collectParents(String folderId, Map<String, String> folderIdToParentId){
String parentId = folderIdToParentId.get(folderId);
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()){
logger.trace("Direct parent of {} is {}", folderId, parentId);
}
List<String> ancestors = new ArrayList<String>();
ancestors.add(parentId);
if (folderIdToParentId.containsKey(parentId)){
ancestors.addAll(collectParents(parentId, folderIdToParentId));
return ancestors;
}
return ancestors;
}
See the full code here.