Develop Reference

Android Blank screen on PDF

In My App, I have given all permissions like storage, contact etc to app (Given run time permission for marshmallow and above version), but still app shows black screen for some mobile phone.
Permission Denial: opening provider
android.support.v4.content.FileProvider from ProcessRecord{bd58bf1
15489:com.google.android.apps.pdfviewer/u0a213} (pid=15489, uid=10213)
That is not exported from uid 10227.
//Code
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
Uri photoURI = FileProvider.getUriForFile(context, context.getApplicationContext().getPackageName() + ".provider",
pdfFile);
Intent objIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
List<ResolveInfo> resolvedIntentActivities = context.getPackageManager().queryIntentActivities(objIntent,
PackageManager.MATCH_DEFAULT_ONLY);
for (ResolveInfo resolvedIntentInfo : resolvedIntentActivities) {
String packageName = resolvedIntentInfo.activityInfo.packageName;
context.grantUriPermission(packageName, photoURI, Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION |
Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
}
objIntent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
objIntent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
objIntent.setDataAndType(photoURI, "application/pdf");
context.startActivity(objIntent);
}else{
Uri path = Uri.fromFile(pdfFile);
Intent objIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
objIntent.setDataAndType(path, "application/pdf");
objIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP);
context.startActivity(objIntent);
}`
[Screen]

Hi actually there might be some issue with accessing the FILE URI as it doesnt have the write read uri permission while raising the intent.
check the following thread.. Android - file provider - permission denial
hope you will get some idea.
Also post the code here to understand more.

How to share pdf and text through whatsapp in android?

I tried with the following code but it is not attaching the pdf file.
Intent sendIntent = new Intent();
sendIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, message);
sendIntent.setType("text/plain");
if (isOnlyWhatsApp) {
sendIntent.setPackage("com.whatsapp");
}
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(attachment);
sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri);
activity.startActivity(sendIntent);

I had this issue where I was trying to open a pdf file from assets folder and I did not work, but when I tried to open from Download folder (for example), it actually worked, and here is an example of it:
File outputFile = new File(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory
(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS), "example.pdf");
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(outputFile);
Intent share = new Intent();
share.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
share.setType("application/pdf");
share.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri);
share.setPackage("com.whatsapp");
activity.startActivity(share);

Please note If your targetSdkVersion is 24 or higher, we have to use FileProvider class to give access to the particular file or folder to make them accessible for other apps.
Step 1: add a FileProvider tag in AndroidManifest.xml under application tag.
<provider
android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
android:authorities="${applicationId}.provider"
android:exported="false"
android:grantUriPermissions="true">
<meta-data
android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
android:resource="#xml/provider_paths"/>
</provider>
Step 2:
then create a provider_paths.xml file in xml folder under res folder. Folder may be needed to create if it doesn't exist. The content of the file is shown below. It describes that we would like to share access to the External Storage at root folder (path=".") with the name external_files.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<external-path name="external_files" path="."/>
</paths>
step 3: The final step is to change the line of code below in
Uri photoURI = Uri.fromFile(outputFile);
to
Uri uri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(PdfRendererActivity.this, PdfRendererActivity.this.getPackageName() + ".provider", outputFile);
step 4 (optional):
If using an intent to make the system open your file, you may need to add the following line of code:
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
Hope this will help :)

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
pdfUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this, this.getPackageName() + ".provider", pdfFile);
} else {
pdfUri = Uri.fromFile(pdfFile);
}
Intent share = new Intent();
share.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
share.setType("application/pdf");
share.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, pdfUri);
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(share, "Share"));
If you are using Intent.createChooser then always open chooser

This works for me kotlin code.
var file =
File(
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS),
"${invoiceNumber}.pdf"
)
if (file.exists()) {
val uri = if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 24) Uri.fromFile(file) else Uri.parse(file.path)
val shareIntent = Intent().apply {
action = Intent.ACTION_SEND
type = "application/pdf"
putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri)
putExtra(
Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT,
"Purchase Bill..."
)
putExtra(
Intent.EXTRA_TEXT,
"Sharing Bill purchase items..."
)
}
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "Share Via"))
}

I have used FileProvider because is a better approach.
First you need to add an xml/file_provider_paths resource with your private path configuration.
<paths>
<files-path name="files" path="/"/>
</paths>
Then you need to add the provider in your manifests
<provider
android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
android:authorities="cu.company.app.provider"
android:exported="false"
android:grantUriPermissions="true">
<meta-data
android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
android:resource="#xml/file_provider_paths" />
</provider>
and finally in your Kotlin code
fun Context.shareFile(file: File) {
val context = this
val intent = Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND).apply {
//file type, can be "application/pdf", "text/plain", etc
type = "*/*"
//in my case, I have used FileProvider, thats is a better approach
putExtra(
Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, FileProvider.getUriForFile(
context, "cu.company.app.provider",
file
)
)
//only whatsapp can accept this intente
//this is optional
setPackage("com.whatsapp")
}
try {
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, getString(R.string.share_with)))
} catch (e: Exception) {
Toast.makeText(this, "We can't find WhatsApp", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
}
}

ACTION_VIEW is for viewing files. ACTION_VIEW will open apps which can handle pdf files in the list.
startActivity(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW).setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(reportFile), "application/pdf")));
I thought the ACTION_SEND intent would mean "send to other app" and not striktly "send somewhere else".

Try adding Intent.setType as follows:-
Intent sendIntent = new Intent();
sendIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, message);
// sendIntent.setType("text/plain");
if (isOnlyWhatsApp) {
sendIntent.setPackage("com.whatsapp");
}
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(attachment);
sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri);
sendIntent.setType("application/pdf");
activity.startActivity(sendIntent);

For sharing text, below you can find a good example, where you can share text with specific number if you would!
public static void openWhatsAppConversation(Activity activity, String number) {
boolean isWhatsappInstalled = isAppInstalled(activity, "com.whatsapp");
if (isWhatsappInstalled) {
Uri uri = Uri.parse("smsto:" + number);
Intent sendIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri);
sendIntent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
sendIntent.setPackage("com.whatsapp");
activity.startActivity(sendIntent);
} else {
ToastHelper.show(activity, "WhatsApp is not Installed!");
openMarket(activity, "com.whatsapp");
}
}

Try with following code
StrictMode.VmPolicy.Builder builder = new StrictMode.VmPolicy.Builder();
StrictMode.setVmPolicy(builder.build());
File pdfFile = new File(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory
(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS), "Your file");
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(pdfFile);
Intent shareIntent = new Intent();
shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
shareIntent.setType("application/pdf");
shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri);
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "Share via"));

go to file manager apps in android
and open it
then go to >>>data>>>data>>>com.whatsapp and then >>>share_prefs
open com.whatsapp_preference.xml file
search and select file >>>>name=document pdf ....< /string > and save this file
after >>>setting>>>>apps>>>>whatsapp>>>>and press force stop
new open whatsapp again and try to send or share your document

Sharing video + text with FileProvider causes Permission Denial exception

i have Permission Denial while sharing a video .mp4 file with file provider and Intent.EXTRA_TEXT .
if i remove the line:
shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "#myappHashtag");
everything works. But i need both video file + extra text.
i think the problem is: caption=%23myappHashtag in the share uri but how can i fix it?
Thank you so much.
private void ShareItem(File fileToShare) {
String package_name = "com.lucagrillo.myapp";
Uri uri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this, package_name + ".fileprovider", fileToShare);
Intent shareIntent = new Intent();
shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri);
shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "#myappHashtag");
shareIntent.setType(intentFormatType);
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, getResources().getText(R.string.share_with)));
}
Exception:
Writing exception to parcel
java.lang.SecurityException: Permission Denial: reading android.support.v4.content.FileProvider uri content://com.lucagrillo.myapp.fileprovider/images/shareFile.mp4?caption=%23myappHashtag from pid=9630, uid=10093 requires the provider be exported, or grantUriPermission()
at android.content.ContentProvider.enforceReadPermissionInner(ContentProvider.java:608)
at android.content.ContentProvider$Transport.enforceReadPermission(ContentProvider.java:483)
at android.content.ContentProvider$Transport.enforceFilePermission(ContentProvider.java:474)
at android.content.ContentProvider$Transport.openTypedAssetFile(ContentProvider.java:419)
at android.content.ContentProviderNative.onTransact(ContentProviderNative.java:313)
at android.os.Binder.execTransact(Binder.java:565)
Manifest file provider:
<provider
android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
android:authorities="com.lucagrillo.myapp.fileprovider"
android:grantUriPermissions="true"
android:exported="false">
<meta-data
android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
android:resource="#xml/filepaths" />
</provider>

You missed the call to addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION) on your Intent. That will work if your minSdkVersion is 21 or higher, to grant rights to that Uri to whatever app handles the ACTION_SEND request.
If your minSdkVersion is below 21, you're going to have to grant rights to all possible ACTION_SEND handlers for your Intent. On those older devices, addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION) only grants permission to the Uri that you would have in the "data" facet of the Intent (e.g., new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri)), not Uri values in extras.
You wind up with code looking a bit like this:
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT>=Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {
i.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
}
else {
List<ResolveInfo> resInfoList=
getPackageManager()
.queryIntentActivities(i, PackageManager.MATCH_DEFAULT_ONLY);
for (ResolveInfo resolveInfo : resInfoList) {
String packageName = resolveInfo.activityInfo.packageName;
grantUriPermission(packageName, outputUri, Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
}
}
(where i is the Intent and outputUri is the Uri you put in the extra)
Also, as a reminder: ACTION_SEND implementations are not obligated to support both EXTRA_TEXT and EXTRA_STREAM.

Content provider grant uri permission

I searched and read android developer files but I did not find any satisfactory answer for content provider grant uri permission. Can anybody explain more detailed and more simple. My questions are:
What grant uri is using for?
What is the differences between grant uri permission true and false
When we should use true? when false?
and any more detail are appreciated.

What grant uri is using for?
The "grant Uri permissions" feature allows you to have a ContentProvider that is normally inaccessible by third parties, yet selectively allow access to individual Uri values to individual third-party apps for a short period of time (e.g., long enough to view the PDF that the provider serves).
What is the differences between grant uri permission true and false
android:grantUriPermissions="true" indicates that your Java code can use FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION and FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION for any Uri served by that ContentProvider.
android:grantUriPermissions="false" indicates that only the Uri values specified by child <grant-uri-permission> elements can be used with FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION and FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION.

Say you need to mail some file that is on your application cache directory.
No other apps can access that file, unless you specify that other apps can access content of your application. For this you create content provider, and say, all uri's in form content://com.your.app/file you 'redirect' to your application cache directory.
Some code:
File f = ...; // Some local file.
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.your.app/" + f.getName());
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
intent.setType("text/plain");
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "Subject");
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Body");
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri);
// You only can add flag FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION if your app has
// android:grantUriPermissions="true" in manifest or see quote below.
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, "Send Email"));
As CommonsWare said:
android:grantUriPermissions="false" indicates that only the Uri values
specified by child <grant-uri-permission> elements can be used with
FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION and FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION.

with adapter class and In Kotlin :-
val uri: Uri? = FileProvider.getUriForFile(mContext, BuildConfig.APPLICATION_ID, file)
val sharingIntent = Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND)
sharingIntent.type = "image/*"
sharingIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "Images ")
sharingIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri)
val chooser = Intent.createChooser(sharingIntent, "Share File")
val resInfoList: List<ResolveInfo> = mContext.packageManager
.queryIntentActivities(chooser, PackageManager.MATCH_DEFAULT_ONLY)
for (resolveInfo in resInfoList) {
val packageName = resolveInfo.activityInfo.packageName
mContext.grantUriPermission(
packageName,
uri,
Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION or Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION
)
}
mContext.startActivity(chooser)

Open an image using URI in Android's default gallery image viewer

I have extracted image uri, now I would like to open image with Android's default image viewer. Or even better, user could choose what program to use to open the image. Something like File Explorers offer you if you try to open a file.

Accepted answer was not working for me,
What had worked:
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
intent.setDataAndType(Uri.parse("file://" + "/sdcard/test.jpg"), "image/*");
startActivity(intent);

If your app targets Android N (7.0) and above, you should not use the answers above (of the "Uri.fromFile" method), because it won't work for you.
Instead, you should use a ContentProvider.
For example, if your image file is in external folder, you can use this (similar to the code I've made here) :
File file = ...;
final Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW)//
.setDataAndType(VERSION.SDK_INT >= VERSION_CODES.N ?
FileProvider.getUriForFile(this,getPackageName() + ".provider", file) : Uri.fromFile(file),
"image/*").addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
manifest:
<provider
android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
android:authorities="${applicationId}.provider"
android:exported="false"
android:grantUriPermissions="true">
<meta-data
android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
android:resource="#xml/provider_paths"/>
</provider>
res/xml/provider_paths.xml :
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths>
<!--<external-path name="external_files" path="."/>-->
<external-path
name="files_root"
path="Android/data/${applicationId}"/>
<external-path
name="external_storage_root"
path="."/>
</paths>
If your image is in the private path of the app, you should create your own ContentProvider, as I've created "OpenFileProvider" on the link.

Ask myself, answer myself also:
startActivity(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, Uri.parse("content://media/external/images/media/16"))); /** replace with your own uri */
It will also ask what program to use to view the file.

Try use it:
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(entry);
Intent intent = new Intent(android.content.Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
String mime = "*/*";
MimeTypeMap mimeTypeMap = MimeTypeMap.getSingleton();
if (mimeTypeMap.hasExtension(
mimeTypeMap.getFileExtensionFromUrl(uri.toString())))
mime = mimeTypeMap.getMimeTypeFromExtension(
mimeTypeMap.getFileExtensionFromUrl(uri.toString()));
intent.setDataAndType(uri,mime);
startActivity(intent);

Based on Vikas answer but with a slight modification: The Uri is received by parameter:
private void showPhoto(Uri photoUri){
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
intent.setDataAndType(photoUri, "image/*");
startActivity(intent);
}

This thing might help if your working with android N and below
File file=new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+"/directoryname/"+filename);
Uri path= FileProvider.getUriForFile(MainActivity.this,BuildConfig.APPLICATION_ID + ".provider",file);
Intent intent=new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
intent.setDataAndType(path,"image/*");
intent.setFlags(FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION | FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION); //must for reading data from directory

A much cleaner, safer answer to this problem (you really shouldn't hard code Strings):
public void openInGallery(String imageId) {
Uri uri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI.buildUpon().appendPath(imageId).build();
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
startActivity(intent);
}
All you have to do is append the image id to the end of the path for the EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI. Then launch an Intent with the View action, and the Uri.
The image id comes from querying the content resolver.

All the above answers not opening image.. when second time I try to open it show the gallery not image.
I got solution from mix of various SO answers..
Intent galleryIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, android.provider.MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI);
galleryIntent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(mImsgeFileName), "image/*");
galleryIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
startActivity(galleryIntent);
This one only worked for me..

The problem with showing a file using Intent.ACTION_VIEW, is that if you pass the Uri parsing the path. Doesn't work in all cases. To fix that problem, you need to use:
Uri.fromFile(new File(filePath));
Instead of:
Uri.parse(filePath);
Edit
Here is my complete code:
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(new File(mediaFile.filePath)), mediaFile.getExtension());
intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
startActivity(intent);
Info
MediaFile is my domain class to wrap files from database in objects.
MediaFile.getExtension() returns a String with Mimetype for the file extension. Example: "image/png"
Aditional code: needed for showing any file (extension)
import android.webkit.MimeTypeMap;
public String getExtension () {
MimeTypeMap myMime = MimeTypeMap.getSingleton();
return myMime.getMimeTypeFromExtension(MediaFile.fileExtension(filePath));
}
public static String fileExtension(String path) {
if (path.indexOf("?") > -1) {
path = path.substring(0, path.indexOf("?"));
}
if (path.lastIndexOf(".") == -1) {
return null;
} else {
String ext = path.substring(path.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
if (ext.indexOf("%") > -1) {
ext = ext.substring(0, ext.indexOf("%"));
}
if (ext.indexOf("/") > -1) {
ext = ext.substring(0, ext.indexOf("/"));
}
return ext.toLowerCase();
}
}
Let me know if you need more code.

I use this it works for me
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setType("image/*");
intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
startActivityForResult(Intent.createChooser(intent,
"Select Picture"), 1);

My solution using File Provider
private void viewGallery(File file) {
Uri mImageCaptureUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(
mContext,
mContext.getApplicationContext()
.getPackageName() + ".provider", file);
Intent view = new Intent();
view.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
view.setData(mImageCaptureUri);
List < ResolveInfo > resInfoList =
mContext.getPackageManager()
.queryIntentActivities(view, PackageManager.MATCH_DEFAULT_ONLY);
for (ResolveInfo resolveInfo: resInfoList) {
String packageName = resolveInfo.activityInfo.packageName;
mContext.grantUriPermission(packageName, mImageCaptureUri, Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION | Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
}
view.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
intent.setDataAndType(mImageCaptureUri, "image/*");
mContext.startActivity(intent);
}

Almost NO chance to use photo or gallery application(might exist one), but you can try the content-viewer.
Please checkout another answer to similar question here

My solution
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath()+"/your_app_folder/"+"your_picture_saved_name"+".png")), "image/*");
context.startActivity(intent);

The uri must be content uri not file uri,
You can get contentUri by FileProvider as
Uri contentUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(getContext(),"com.github.myApp",curFile);
Don't forget adding provider in Manifest file.
<provider
android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
android:authorities="com.github.myApp"
android:exported="false"
android:grantUriPermissions="true">
<meta-data
android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
android:resource="#xml/provider_paths" />
</provider>