How to wait for async APIs in Android? - android

In android, there are many async APIs such as WebView's evaluateJavascript, which will Asynchronously evaluates JavaScript in the context of the currently displayed page. Usually an execution will just proceed to the successive statements after the call of an async API without any waiting.
But how can I wait until this call finishes its executing, before proceeding to the successive statements. For example,
webview.evaluateJavascript("JS code", new ValueCallback<String> {
public void onReceiveValue(String value) {
//get JS return here
}
});
//Remaining code
How can I make sure the remaining code is executed after webview.evaluateJavascript has finished its executing (i.e., its callback onReceiveValue has finished its executing).
Edit: To be more precise, what I want is that remaining code should be executed after onReceiveValue has finished executing.

I find out a workaround by using JavaScript interface. The idea is that we create a bridge class that contains a method that takes the javascript execution result as input. Then we can obtain the result at the Java end. This method works because bridge methods are invoked by JavaScript code, which is run on another thread. We only need to wait on the UI thread for a little milliseconds, then the result is here for you. The following code is an illustration:
class Bridge {
public String result = null;
#JavascriptInterface
public void putJsResult(String result) {
this.result = result;
}
public String getJsResult() {
return this.result;
}
}
Bridge bridge = new Bridge();
wv.addJavascriptInterface(bridge, "bridge");
webview.evaluateJavascript("bridge.putJsResult(func())", null);
Thread.sleep(100);
//Result is there
String result = bridge.getJsResult();

When you have to wait for code execution, a simple class to use is CountDownLatch.
An example for your problem can be:
public class AboutActivity extends Activity {
private volatile CountDownLatch jsLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
private volatile String jsReceivedValue = null
initWebView() {
// webview init
...
webview.evaluateJavascript("JS code", new ValueCallback<String> {
public void onReceiveValue(String value) {
//get JS return here
jsReceivedValue = value
jsLatch.countDown();
}
});
try {
// wait 60 seconds or assume there was some problem during the loading
jsLatch.await(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// thread interrupted or time elapsed
}
if (jsReceivedValue == null) {
// show "problem during loading"
} else {
//Remaining code
}
}
}
Note that waiting for code execution on main thread, can lead to unresponsive app.
You can show a loading spinner while using a simple thread to avoid this:
new Thread(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
initWebView();
}
}).start();

Related

How to cancel async task when doInBackground is calling another method of separate class

I am calling another class's method from doInBackground of async task.
Now i need to stop the download when cancel is called. I am not sure where to check the value of isCancelled().
class myasync extends Asynctask{
protected String doInBackground(String... sURL) {
abc = new abc();
abc.getURLResult(sURL[0])
}
}
class abc()
{
getURLResult(String URL)
{
for(int i=0; i<fp.size(); i++){
//some text to download
}
}
}
class myclass
{
myclass()
{
myasync = new myasync();
myasync.execute("http:\\");
}
stopDownload()
{
myasync.cancel(true);
}
}
EDIT:
Have used the below solution by combining the two answers below:
1. myclass.cancel1(true);
class myclass
{
myclass()
{
myasync = new myasync();
myasync.execute("http:\\");
}
stopDownload()
{
myasync.cancel1(true);
}
}
2.
class myasync extends Asynctask{
protected String doInBackground(String... sURL) {
abc = new abc();
abc.getURLResult(sURL[0])
}
cancel1()
{
abc.cancel();
}
}
3.
class abc()
{
private boolean cancel = false;
getURLResult(String URL)
{
for(int i=0; i<fp.size(); i++){
//some text to download
if(cancel)
break;
}
}
cancel()
{
cancel = true;
}
}
The above method is working. However the methods myclass.stopDownload() is running in UI thread , and hence myasync.cancel1() and abc.cancel() are running the UI thread. And myAsync.doInBackground() and hence abc.getURLResult() are running in seperate thread. I dont know much about inter process communication. I hope this is right thing to do.
Not very nice, but you can do something like this by adding a static variable isDownloading:
protected String doInBackground(String... sURL) {
abc = new abc();
abc.getURLResult(sURL[0])
}
}
class abc()
{
getURLResult(String URL)
{
for(int i=0; i<fp.size(); i++){
if(!myclass.isDownloading){ //ADDED
break; // or Return or handle Cancel
}
//some text to dopwnload
}
}
class myclass
{
public static boolean isDownloading; // ADDED
myclass()
{
myasync = new myasync();
isDownloading = true; // ADDED
myasync.execute("http:\\");
}
stopDownload()
{
isDownloading = false; // ADDED
myclass.cancel(true);
}
}
Update:
From the AsyncTask Cancel doc. we have to check if the async task got cancelled as you say.
Calling this method will result in onCancelled(Object) being invoked
on the UI thread after doInBackground(Object[]) returns. Calling this
method guarantees that onPostExecute(Object) is never invoked. After
invoking this method, you should check the value returned by
isCancelled() periodically from doInBackground(Object[]) to finish the
task as early as possible.
To do that send the asyncTask itself to the getURLResult as parameter along with the URL:
protected String doInBackground(String... sURL) {
new abc().getURLResult("http://...", this); // this here is the asyncTask itself.
}
getURLResult(String URL, myasync myAsyncTask)
{
for(int i=0; i<fp.size(); i++){
if(myAsyncTask.isCancelled()){
break;
}
}
}
Don't use a boolean as other suggested. it's not safe at all since another AsyncTask could be started. and it is a background threads. you can't guarantee which will check the boolean first. could cancel all AsyncTasks.
Old post:
The only place you need to check for cancellation to guarantee the cancellation! is on the onPostExecute. You can't guarantee that the async task got cancelled on calling cancel method. Therefore, you need to check whether the client application asked to cancel it and the returned data is not wanted anymore.
private boolean askedForCancellation = true;
#Override
protected void onPostExecute(Object response) {
if (!askedForCancellation)
// parse response
else
// ignore. or send message to activity to stop loading if you didn't already did that when called cancel method.
}
To achieve that add the following cancel method to the AsyncTask:
public final boolean cancel(boolean mayInterruptIfRunning) {
askedForCancellation = true;
return mFuture.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning);
}
In your class:
myasync.cancel(true);
myasync = null;
Set myasync to null is ok. because, you can't use it anymore for execution again. you will get a runtime error. you need to re-initialise it.
To check if AsyncTask asked for cancellation. check if the value of
myasync is equal to null. remember the AsyncTask asked to get
cancelled and not cancelled because there is no guarantee that it is
going to be cancelled on calling cancel. What you do is to ignore the
response on onPostExecute
I used this approach in more than 15 applications till now. No bugs and no unexpected behaviours.

Why thread terminates before loading all the data?

I am using Thread for loading library (Native code ) have to call some functions from the android code to the native code. it's working fine after some time thread terminating, so those functions are not calling properly. present i am using this code for thread creation.
class aThread extends Thread {
public static boolean finished;
public void run() {
if ( a_app.initApp() != 0) {
return;
} else {
}
a_app.startPjsua(ApjsuaActivity.CFG_FNAME);
finished = true;
a_app.deinitApp();
}
}
Is it correct process or not.?
Can i use any service for solving this problem, if yes how to create communication between activity and Service.
My requirement is i have to call a function in the background continuous upto app closes fully.? what is the best way to do like this.
Are you looking for something like this?
boolean ok;
onCreate(Bundle a)
{
...
ok=true;
new aThread().start();
}
class aThread extends Thread {
public static boolean finished;
public void run() {
while(ok==true)
{
if ( a_app.initApp() != 0) {
ok=false;
} else {
a_app.startPjsua(ApjsuaActivity.CFG_FNAME);
finished = true;
a_app.deinitApp();
}
//If you want to execute after some interval..
//Thread.sleep(time_in_milliseconds);
}
}
}
This way it will run as long as ok=true. When you exit the app or if you want to stop the thread; set the value of ok=false.

Synchronized blocking in multi-threaded app

Below you see some code that works fine - but only once. It is suppsed to block until the runOnUIThread is finished. And it does, when it runs the first time it is called. But when called the second time, it runs through to the end, then the runOnUIThread starts running. It could be, that after the methos was run the first time, the thread that caled it still has the lock, and when it calls the method the second time, it runs through. Is this right? And what can I do to fix that? Or is it a timing problem, the second time the caller gets the lock first?
static Integer syn = 0;
#Override
public String getTanFromUser(long accid, String prompt) {
// make parameters final
final long accid_int = accid;
final String prompt_int = prompt;
Runnable tanDialog = new Runnable() {
public void run() {
synchronized(syn) {
tanInputData = getTANWithExecutionStop(TransferFormActivity.this);
syn.notify() ;
}
}
};
synchronized(syn) {
runOnUiThread(tanDialog);
try {syn.wait();}
catch (InterruptedException e) {}
}
return tanInputData;
}
Background: The thread that calls this method is an asynctask inside a bound service that is doing transactions with a bank in the background. At unregular intervalls the bank send requests for user verification (captche, controll questions, requests for pin, etc.) and the service must display some dialogs vis a weak-referenced callback to the activities in the foreground. Since the service is doing several nested while-loops, it is easier to show the dialogs synchroniously than stopping an restarting the service (savind/restoring the state data would be too complex).
You could try if using a Callable inside a FutureTask instead of a Runnable works better. That combination is as far as I understand meant to provide return values from threads.
public String getTanFromUser(long accid, String prompt) {
// make parameters final
final long accid_int = accid;
final String prompt_int = prompt;
Callable<String> tanDialog = new Callable<String>() {
public String call() throws Exception {
return getTANWithExecutionStop(TransferFormActivity.this);
}
};
FutureTask<String> task = new FutureTask<String>(tanDialog);
runOnUiThread(task);
String result = null;
try {
result = task.get();
}
catch (InterruptedException e) { /* whatever */ }
catch (ExecutionException e) { /* whatever */ }
return result;
}
A Callable is like a Runnable but has a return value.
A FutureTask does the synchronization and waits for the result. Similar to your wait() / notify(). FutureTask also implements Runnable so it can be used for runOnUiThread.

Android thread won't stop running

I have a basic asynchronous task that performs a web request. The thread is not contained in a loop or anything, it performs the request and returns from run(). When I try to execute another request, using that thread, I get an exception thrown because the thread is already running. I've searched around a lot on this site for answers, but all that seems to come up is stopping threads that are in a loop, basically forcing the thread to return.
Should I just put the request code in the thread into a loop that waits on some kind of flag from the main thread to tell it to go ahead and execute again? like:
public void run()
{
while ( threadIsStillRunning )
{
while ( !threadShouldExecute )
{
//Sleep the thread
}
//Execute the request
}
}
EDIT:
Ok, well here's the thread (this is contained in one of my class objects-WebServiceHelper):
private Thread executeRequest = new Thread()
{
public void run()
{
//Meat of the code
isRunning = false;
}
}
I then have another class method in the same class(WebServiceHelper):
private volatile boolean isRunning = false;
public void Execute(WebServiceHandler handler)
{
while ( isRunning )
{
try
{
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
catch (InterruptedException e)
{
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
isRunning = true;
r = handler;
executeRequest.start();
}
where r is just an interface object that I use to perform callbacks to the object performing the request.
Then in my main activity (the one that requested the thread execution i have this:
private Runnable getSiteData = new Runnable(){
public void run(){
mWebServiceHelper.SetMethod("GetSiteData");
mWebServiceHelper.Execute(mySiteHelper);
}
};
public void downloadDidFinish(List<Map<String, String>> data)
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
TeamList.StoreTeams(data );
mHandler.post(getSiteData);
}
downloadDidFinish gets called by the thread above upon completion, I then perform another request right after as you can see. The crash is happening when I try to call Execute again on the WebServiceHelper and start the thread again.
Asynctask is very useful to manage your threads.
https://developer.android.com/reference/android/os/AsyncTask.html
https://developer.android.com/resources/articles/painless-threading.html
Here is an example: http://labs.makemachine.net/2010/05/android-asynctask-example/

Stopping/Destroying a Thread

I have a Service that launches a Thread and a Runnable like so.
t = new Thread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
doSomething();
}
});
t.start();
The reason for the thread is to perform an Async task doSomething(). For now lets not worry about the other class AsyncTask. I have tried it and it does not work for my case. Edit: I can't use AsyncTask because it is meant for the UI thread only. This piece of code has to operate inside a Service, so nope, no AsyncTask :(
doSomething() contains some external libs so the issue I am having is that it can potentially be hung at one of the commands, without return any value (hence no error checking can even be done)
To work around this, I will want to, at some point of time, destroy the Service.
stopService(new Intent("net.MyService.intent));
This works fine and is easily verified on the phone. However, the Thread which was created above will continue to run even when the Service that spawned it is destroyed.
I am thus looking for the correct commands to insert in the Service's onDestroy() which will clean up the Thread for me.
t.destroy();
t.stop();
are both depreciated and cause application crashes.
I took this code from somewhere
#Override
public void onDestroy() {
Thread th = t;
t = null;
th.interrupt();
super.onDestroy();
}
but it still does not work, the thread continues to run. Any help guys?
The thread destroy and stop methods are inherently deadlock prone and not safe. Their existence also gives the illusion that there might be some way of halting another thread immediately when something else tells it to.
I understand your thinking, from your point of view their is one main thread, and when this thread hasn't received a response from it's worker thread in a while you'd like to kill it and restart it, without caring what it's up to. But the reason those methods are deprecated is you should care what the thread is up to. A lot.
What if the thread has a lock around a variable you need to use later? What if a thread has a file handle open? In all these cases, and many more, simply stopping the thread at it's current operation would leave things in mess -- quite likely your application would just crash further down the line.
So in order for a thread to be interruptible or cancel-able or stoppable, it has to manage this itself. If a thread or operation provides no way for itself to be interrupted, then you cannot interrupt it - it is assumed to do so would be unsafe.
If you runnable is literally
public void run() {
doSomething();
}
then there is no way to interrupt it. One would hope that if doSomething were a long operation that there might be a way to either interact with it incrementally with something like
public void run() {
while (running) {
MyParser.parseNext();
}
}
or to be able to pass in a variable by reference which indicates whether the thread is interrupted or not, and hopefully the method would interrupt itself at suitable location.
Remember a blocking operation is blocking. There is no way to get around that, you cannot cancel it part way through.
Alternative answer
Use the following code:
MyThread thread; // class field
Create and start the thread as you do it right now.
thread = new MyThread();
thread.start();
When the service is destroyed, "signal" the thread to quit
public void onDestroy() {
// Stop the thread
thread.abort = true;
thread.interrupt();
}
Here is thread implementation
//another class or maybe an inner class
class MyThread extends Thread {
syncronized boolean abort = false;
//ugly, I know
public void run() {
try {
if(!abort) doA();
if(!abort) doB();
if(!abort) doC();
if(!abort) doD();
} catch (InterruptedException ex) {
Log.w("tag", "Interrupted!");
}
}
}
You might want to read the following:
How do you kill a thread in Java?
Thread Primitive Deprecation as already pointed by Claszen
http://www.devx.com/tips/Tip/31728 - based my code from here, but there are some issues with the code!
I think that you could rely on catching the exception and not check abort but I decided to keep it that way.
UPDATE
I've seen this sample in codeguru:
public class Worker implements Runnable {
private String result;
public run() {
result = blockingMethodCall();
}
public String getResult() {
return result;
}
}
public class MainProgram {
public void mainMethod() {
...
Worker worker = new Worker();
Thread thread = new Thread(worker);
thread.start();
// Returns when finished executing, or after maximum TIME_OUT time
thread.join(TIME_OUT);
if (thread.isAlive()) {
// If the thread is still alive, it's still blocking on the methodcall, try stopping it
thread.interrupt();
return null;
} else {
// The thread is finished, get the result
return worker.getResult();
}
}
}
Did you check the Java Thread Primitive Deprecation Documentation which is referenced in the Thread API JavaDoc. You will find some hints to handle your problem.
why don't you use an AsyncTask?
A task can be cancelled at any time by
invoking cancel(boolean). Invoking
this method will cause subsequent
calls to isCancelled() to return true.
After invoking this method,
onCancelled(Object), instead of
onPostExecute(Object) will be invoked
after doInBackground(Object[])
returns. To ensure that a task is
cancelled as quickly as possible, you
should always check the return value
of isCancelled() periodically from
doInBackground(Object[]), if possible
(inside a loop for instance.)
I like to take the following approach:
class MyHandler extends Handler {
final Semaphore stopEvent = new Semaphore(0);
#Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
try {
while (!stopEvent.tryAcquire(0, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
doSomething();
if (stopEvent.tryAcquire(SLEEP_TIME, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
break;
}
}
} catch (InterruptedException ignored) {
}
stopSelf();
}
}
On service onDestroy just release the stopEvent:
#Override
public void onDestroy() {
myHandler.stopEvent.release();
myHandler = null;
super.onDestroy();
}
Better to use global variable stopThread, stop thread once variable changed to true.
btnStop.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
#Override
public void onClick(View arg0){
stopThread = true;
}
});
public void run() {
while (!stopThread) {
//do something
}
}
I think the best way to create and communicate with another thread is to use an AsyncTask. Heres an example of one:
public class Task extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void> {
private static final String TAG = "Task";
private boolean mPaused;
private Runnable mRunnable;
public Task(Runnable runnable) {
mRunnable = runnable;
play();
}
#Override
protected Void doInBackground(Void... params) {
while (!isCancelled()) {
if (!mPaused) {
mRunnable.run();
sleep();
}
}
return null;
}
private void sleep() {
try {
Thread.sleep(10);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
Log.w(TAG, e.getMessage());
}
}
public void play() {
mPaused = false;
}
public void pause() {
mPaused = true;
}
public void stop() {
pause();
cancel(true);
}
public boolean isPaused() {
return mPaused;
}
}
You can now easily use this class, and start the thread by writing:
Task task = new Task(myRunnable);
task.execute((Void) null);
Along with this you can easily pause or stop the thread from looping:
Example of pausing and playing the thread:
mButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
#Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if (task.isPaused()) {
task.play();
} else {
task.pause();
}
}
});
Example of stopping and starting the thread:
mButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
#Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if (task.isCancelled()) {
task = new Task(myRunnable);
task.execute((Void) null);
} else {
task.stop();
}
}
});

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