Develop Reference

Android Development Environment on an ARM Chromebook?

I've tried multiple times to install and use Android Studio on an ARM Chromebook (C100P), but the installation always fails with the failed to run mksdcard tool error. I've read that this happens because Android Studio depends on native binaries that aren't compatible with the ARM processor architecture; even after attempting various hacks or just trying to use the libraries alone, I am still not able to setup Android Development Environment on my ARM Chromebook.

Native Conclusion:
I've come to the conclusion that you really just can't. Android's compilation tools depend upon native libraries; specifically, lib32stdc++6 and lib32z1. These depend upon 32-bit Intel binaries, so there's no chance of executing these instruction words on an ARM processor (not even with i386 multiarch support) until Google starts making some changes.
Luckily, I'm here to present a workaround. We're going to delegate computation to a virtual machine; one that is compatible with these binaries. It'll be free and secure, so you don't have to worry about who gets access to your source code. We're going to achieve this using the Google App Engine.
Workaround:
I'm going to start this tutorial assuming we're using a fresh installation.
First, download the latest Crouton installer so we have a full-fledged Ubuntu distribution to work with. Within the Chromebook shell (Ctrl + Alt + T and enter shell), execute the installer. I chose to install the latest version of Ubuntu, Xenial, without a window manager. I also enabled integration with the Crouton Chrome extension to enable a shared clipboard.
sudo sh ~/Downloads/crouton -r xenial -t touch,audio,keyboard,extension
Next, enter-chroot into Ubuntu, and install curl and python:
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install curl python git
Use curl to fetch the Google Cloud SDK. You may extract it to the default location ~/google-cloud-sdk, or another directory you'd like.
curl https://sdk.cloud.google.com | bash
Navigate to your Google Cloud SDK directory and execute the installer. Allow it to update your $PATH variable and enable updates to be made to your ~/.bashrc file.
Restart the shell. Use logout or exit, then re-enter using sudo enter-chroot. This enables your Google Cloud SDK installation to be accessible from the command line.
Login to the Google Cloud SDK using your associated Google Account using gcloud auth login. This will require you to do two things; first, enable the SDK to access your Google Account. Secondly, you'll be required to copy a verification key from your browser at a supplied web address, which you'll need to paste back into the console.
Log into the Google Cloud Console.
Create a new Project, e.g. android-compile-worker, and within that project create a new repository, e.g. compilation-tools. We'll install the Android SDK Tools within this repository. When we do this, we're in effect placing them inside a virtual machine that can correctly interpret the native 32-bit binaries it uses.
Launch the Google Cloud Console's terminal in your web browser. Next, make a clone of your repository within both the Google Cloud Console terminal and your local Chromebook shell.
gcloud init
gcloud config set project project-name-here
gcloud source repos clone repo-name-here
Within the Google Cloud Console terminal, move to your created repository and download and unzip the latest version of the Android Tools SDK.
wget https://dl.google.com/android/repository/tools_r25.2.3-linux.zip
unzip tools_r25.2.3-linux.zip
Now we've successfully extracted the Android SDK tools onto a Google Cloud machine; export a PATH variable to this location to enable it's utilisation.
export ANDROID_HOME=path/to/unzipped/tools
Install those pesky binaries we couldn't use on our laptop. Since this installation is lost when your instance times out, you may append the commands to your .bashrc to persist the installation across new server instances.
sudo apt-get install lib32stdc++ lib32z1
Back on your Chromebook, install the following utilities to enable Android device programming.
sudo apt-get install android-sdk-platform-tools-common android-tools-adb android-tools-adbd android-tools-fastboot
Design Flow
And that's everything! If you've followed these steps correctly, you'll have successfully configured one of Google's virtual machines for Android compilation. Via the Google Cloud Console terminal, it's possible to add Android platform support for various API Levels you wish to compile for.
Here, we add API Level 25, and the Android Support Repositories, as follows:
./android update sdk --filter android-25 --no-ui
./android update sdk -u -a -t android-25
./android update sdk --all --filter "extra" --no-ui
Now, using git pull origin master and git push origin master, you can upload code developed on your Chromebook onto the repository where it may be compiled by the Android SDK. You can do this by executing the project's local gradlew file, i.e. ./gradlew build.
Once compiled, you may pull the generated binaries back onto your development machine and configure connected Android devices using the Android Device Bridge (adb), using adb install path/to/apk.

Can i build Linphone in Android Studio on Mac?

I think we can build it. But I am getting error to build it on Android Studio. First I download the Android Studio and NDK. Then add the PATH of Android Studio and NDK to the PATH Variable. When I run
./check_tools.sh
I get the output
Could not find automake. Please install it.
Could not find autoconf. Please install it.
Could not find pkg-config. Please install it.
Could not find ant. Please install it.
Could not find yasm. Please install it.
Could not find wget. Please install it.
Could not find libtoolize. Please install libtool.
Invalid version of nasm: your version does not support elf32 output format. If you have installed nasm, please check that your PATH env variable is set correctly.
Failed to detect required tools, aborting.
But i doubt whether i need these tool on Android Studio or not. When I run the project i get the error
java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: Couldn't load linphone-armeabi-v7a: findLibrary returned null.
Can anybody tell me the solution for that.

Yes you can do this
follow the step by step guide at this blog
How to build culinphone on Android Studio using Mac OS X?
http://culinphone.wordpress.com
Here is a step to step guide.
Setup Linphone Sdk on Mac OS X
How to build Linphone in Android Studio on Mac?
Step by step guide :-
Required Knowledge :-
Android Tools
Android Studio
A little bit about mac-terminal(shell)
S/W Requirements:-
Mac OS-X with these tools (You definetely need these tools to build linphone) :-
coreutils, automake, autoconf, libtool, intltool, wget, pkgconfig ,cmake,
gmake, yasm, grep, doxygen, ImageMagick, optipng, antlr3
STEP 1:-
Concerning these useful tools you can install the tools with this command
$sudo port install coreutils automake autoconf libtool intltool wget pkgconfig cmake gmake yasm grep doxygen ImageMagick optipng antlr3
STEP 2:-
Check out these Instructions how to upgrade nasm
STEP 3:-
Then install ant by typing
brew update #update if already installed
brew install ant
If you haven’t installed brew just type command give below
its a medium size download which takes 5 mins to download
ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"
Just follow the process which involves installing various components. If you already have brew installed, make sure it’s up to date by executing:
brew update
Once installed you can simply type:
brew install ant
STEP 4:-
Now its time to install libtool. To install libtool run the command given below
curl -OL http://ftpmirror.gnu.org/libtool/libtool-2.4.2.tar.gz
tar -xzf libtool-2.4.2.tar.gz
cd libtool-2.4.2
./configure && make && sudo make install
STEP 5:-
if you have not installed these programmes download and install
Download Android Studio & SDK
Download Android NDK
STEP 6:-
Download git repository of LInphone Android by running command
$ sudo git clone git://git.linphone.org/linphone-android.git –recursive
Now everything is configured perfectly
STEP 7:-
Open terminal and cd into linphone-android
Now when you get into the directory on terminal then check your PATH of SDK & NDK installed on your Mac run
$ echo $PATH
if you see the path with SDK and NDK location then it’s ok to proceed skip the below part and if not then you need to setup the PATH before you execute the make and make install script in
To setup path use:-
$export PATH=/Users/<yourusername>/android-sdks/platform-tools/:/Users//android-sdks/tools/:/Users//Documents/ndk/:/nobackup/local/prog/nasm/bin/:$PATH
it’s like export PATH=(Path of your SDK platform tools folder):(Path of your SDK tools folder):(Path of your NDK folder):$PATH
This will set up the path and to confirm again run
$ echo $PATH
Now if the Path is already setup you can simply run
$ make
Now connect your Device to you Mac and see if eclipse has detected it. After the device is connected run:
$ make install
Now if everythink is OK:-
After you have made your build then now you can import it into your Android Studio.
Open Android Studio
Import Project (Eclipse,ADT,Gradle,etc.) > select linphone-android > OK

I am able to build the limphone on mac by follow the steps describe here :-
Linphone for android is not working/missing libraries

You definetely need these tools to build linphone.
Concerning nasm I had the same problem. You can use this site that instructs you how to upgrade to a newer nasm:
Instructions how to upgrade nasm
Concerning other useful tools you can install the tools below with this command:
$sudo port install coreutils automake autoconf libtool intltool wget pkgconfig cmake gmake yasm grep doxygen ImageMagick optipng antlr3
All these are found in the linphone build instructions README.md file.

Build PDFium in Android

I am facing a problem. I have to add a PDF reader support to my Android App (now I'm using Mupdf but I need to change it).
I found PDFium project (https://code.google.com/p/pdfium/) and I think it is what I need for my needs.
I haven't too much experience in Android and I've not been able to build it for Android, I've followed the build instructions from here https://code.google.com/p/pdfium/wiki/Build with no good results.
Could you give some hint or advice to achieve build this tool in Android?
Thank you in advance!!!

How to build?
I recommend building on Linux (virtual machine will suffice),
because Windows is officially not supported and there are many problems on newer versions of OS X.
You will need about 60 GB of free space.
install OpenJDK 8
$ mkdir ~/android_src && cd ~/android_src or select any other path
$ repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/platform/manifest -b android-7.1.1_r28
(detailed description available here)
$ repo sync and wait...
clone this repo (or download zip with its content)
replace makefiles in ~/android_src with corresponding makefiles from this repo
$ cd ~/android_src
$ source build/envsetup.sh
$ cd external/pdfium/fpdfsdk
$ lunch and select architecture
$ mma and wait ~5 minutes
library is available in ~/android_src/out/target/product/generic*/obj/lib/libmod*.so, copy it somewhere
$ rm -r ~/android_src/out before next build
It worked for me, but if doesn't work for you, try installing additional packages listed here.
Source

Build it within the AOSP
https://android.googlesource.com/platform/external/pdfium/
Use mm or mma instructions to build only the pdfium module
I've only successfully built the shared library but haven't take it into practice.

Compile Linphone for Android

I'm facing an issue on compiling the NDK code. I'm using Ubuntu 10.04
x64. Basically i have performed the following steps:
Download the NDK. (I also tried the last one but the same issue)
Open terminal and make sudo -s. Input the root password.
apt-get install autoconf automake libtool pkg-config
Download source code through command:
git clone git://git.linphone.org/linphone-android.git --recursive
Go to my project root:
cd /home/silviu/linphone-android
In my project root:
export PATH=/home/silviu/androidndk:$PATH
Run ./prepare_sources.sh in my project root.
I receive an error in prepare_sources.sh:
Configuring selected codecs
enabling vp8_encoder
enabling vp8_decoder
Configuring for target 'armv7-android-gcc'
enabling armv7
enabling armv6
enabling armv5te
enabling fast_unaligned
enabling realtime_only
Toolchain is unable to link executables
Configuration failed. This could reflect a misconfiguration of your
toolchains, improper options selected, or another problem. If you
don't see any useful error messages above, the next step is to look at
the configure error log file (config.err) to determine what configure
was trying to do when it died. VP8 prepare stage failed.
Have anybody facing this issue?

Android CTS : downloading of CTS, environment setup, building and execution

If you know about Compatibility Test Suit for Android. Please send us the information regarding source code downloading of CTS, environment setup, building and execution.

You can find all the info about setting up and running CTS here.
If you are in a hurry,here are the commands you use most often:
Running CTS:
First, add the android-sdk-linux/platform-tools to the PATH using export PATH=$PATH:/your-path-goes-here
1- Navigate to the platform-tools directory and use
./android-cts/tools/startcts to start the CTS shell
2- run cts --plan CTS to initiate CTS
3- (OPTIONAL) ls --plan CTS to list all the individual test packages
4a- In case you want to run the entire test suite/plan:
start --plan CTS
4b- In case you want to run the test for a single package:
start --plan CTS -p package-name-goes-here

Download source code of CTS:
It's now available. You can just repo sync it, or git clone git://android.git.kernel.org/platform/cts.git
Env Setup and build
I also feel problems at building the cts. I build successfully once but other times I can't build it. You can see question here, I also record the step of my building.
Execution
Since I didn't got the cts tool, I can only recommend you read this, this is a 0xlad people's article.

To download the CTS compilable code you follow the instructions out here
repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/platform/manifest -b android-4.0.3_r1
If you work for some of the OEM's Google will provide special cts branches, if not, you'll have to do with the above branch.
To build and run CTS :
cd /path/to/android/root
./cts/development/ide/eclipse/genclasspath.sh > .classpath
chmod u+w .classpath
cd /path/to/android/root
make cts
cts
This answer obviously applies to 4.0.3 version of Android. Things may or may not change from Jelly Bean onwards.

Download cts source code :
$ mkdir <dir_name>
$ cd <dir_name>
$ repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/platform/manifest -b <tag_name> ( tag_name :- android-cts-8.0_r2, android-cts-7.1_r10)
$ repo sync -d -c –q
Compile complete cts package:
$ cd <dir_name>
$ . build/envsetup.sh
$ make cts -j TARGET_PRODUCT=aosp_arm64
Compile particular cts :
$ cd <dir_name>
$ . build/envsetup.sh
$ cd <testcase_dir_name>
$ mm

CTS setup includes 3 steps
Step 1 : CTS Dowloads
Step 2 : Desktop Machine Setup
Step 3 : Android Device Configuration
Step1 : Compatibility Test Suite Downloads
i)Download and open the CTS packages matching your device’s Android version and all the Application Binary Interfaces (ABIs) your devices support from following link
https://source.android.com/compatibility/cts/downloads.html
Then Unzip it and paste the android-cts to your workspace directory
ii)Download and open the latest version of the CTS Media Files.Unzip it and paste into your workspace directory
Step 2 : Desktop Machine Setup:
CTS currently supports 64-bit Linux and Mac OS host machines. CTS will not work on Windows OS.
i)Before running the CTS, make sure you have recent versions of both Android Debug Bridge (adb) and Android Asset Packaging Tool (AAPT) installed and those tools' location added to the system path of your machine.Ensure adb and aapt are in your system path
ii)set the path using the following command
$ export PATH=$PATH:/home/ramakrishna/Android/Sdk/build-tools/27.0.3
where 27.0.3 is
iii)Install the proper version of the Java Development Kit (JDK). For Android 7.0—
On Ubuntu, use OpenJDK 8.
On Mac OS, use jdk 8u45 or newer.
For details, see the JDK requirements.
please follow below link for complete details of Android Device configuration and Running CTS
Android CTS : downloading of CTS, environment setup, building and execution