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Flexible Horizontal Layout with `layout_weight` and `maxWidth`

I have a TextView and a square ImageView that I would like to show in a horizontal linear layout. Each should take half of the parent view's width and the height should fit the content (i.e. the image). The text should be centered vertically.
Additional constraint is that the image should not grow beyond a given maxWidth (= maxHeight), and excess width should be made available to the TextView. Obviously, this conflicts with the 50/50 rule above. Is there a way to prioritize the constraints, i.e. allow the image to take half of the space unless it exceeds a given size?
These are layouts I tried:
The first one nicely stretches the left side to the available space. But the image takes more than half of the width as its layout_weight is not specified (as in image below).
<LinearLayout
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<LinearLayout
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:gravity="center_vertical">
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Some text."/>
</LinearLayout>
<ImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:maxWidth="200dp"
android:adjustViewBounds="true"
android:src="#drawable/image" />
</LinearLayout>
When I add layout_weight to the ImageView it always takes half of the width and ignore the maxWidth (see image below).
<ImageView
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:maxWidth="200dp"
android:adjustViewBounds="true"
android:src="#drawable/image" />
Enclosing the ImageView in another LinearLayout enables the maxWidth again, but the enclosing LinearLayout still takes half of the available space (see image below).
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:gravity="right">
<ImageView
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:maxWidth="200dp"
android:adjustViewBounds="true"
android:src="#drawable/image" />
</LinearLayout>
Another option I have found for similar scenarios is to use a RelativeLayout with an invisible view as a center divider, but that locks the division to 50/50 (or wherever the divider is placed).

Okay, gonna go on ahead and post the xml I created, it's pretty much simple, it does most of your conditions.. One thing I'm having trouble with is the part where each view takes half of the parent view's width. Hope this still helps you in some way.
sample_layout.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="2dp"
android:background="#android:color/darker_gray">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignBottom="#+id/img_sample"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:layout_marginRight="2dp"
android:layout_toLeftOf="#id/img_sample"
android:background="#color/colorPrimary"
android:gravity="center_vertical"
android:text="Some text." />
<ImageView
android:id="#id/img_sample"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:layout_marginLeft="2dp"
android:adjustViewBounds="true"
android:maxWidth="200dp"
android:src="#drawable/sample_img" />
</RelativeLayout>
Here is a sample screenshot:
If ever you figure out how to the the half of each thing, kindly comment it here, It'd be nice to know about it for possible future use. :)
PS: Have you considered doing the half of each thing programatically? Like checking the LayoutParams then dynamically setting weightSum and the layout_weights.
Sample Image retrieved from this link

<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<ImageView
android:id="#id/imageView"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentEnd="true"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:adjustViewBounds="true"
android:background="#color/blue"
android:src="#drawable/ic_launcher" />
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
android:layout_centerVertical="true"
android:layout_margin="5dp"
android:layout_toStartOf="#id/imageView"
android:background="#color/colorPrimary"
android:padding="10dp"
android:text="Some text. " />
</RelativeLayout>

It won't be a perfect solution in term of performance. But you can achieve it by playing with FrameLayout and ImageView.
Here is the output:
Layout.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#color/textGray"
android:orientation="vertical">
<FrameLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="#color/skyBlue">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<FrameLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:background="#android:color/white">
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/imageView4"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:maxWidth="200dp"
android:src="#drawable/ic_settings"
android:visibility="invisible" />
<TextView
android:id="#+id/TextView"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:text="!" />
</FrameLayout>
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/imageView2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:maxWidth="200dp"
android:src="#drawable/ic_settings" />
</LinearLayout>
</FrameLayout>
</LinearLayout>
In order to achieve desire behaviour, You would have to set same images to both imagesviews in this layout. one of them is invisble, It is just helping to make parent with same width and heights which would lead us to create TextView with same dimensions.
Note: If you want to change textView alignment, you can do it with layout_gravity or gravity.

how to adjust images in every where i want to layout in android?

I have an layout with a background that already made for host my app's image buttons. my image buttons are in a row of middle in this layout. my emulator is 480*800 px hdpi that dp is:320*533.
when i adjust buttons from xml, everything is OK. but when run, my buttons change smaller than from size of in xml and layout is not ordered. please help me. what can i do?
myt xml code for this layout is:
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#drawable/main">
<ScrollView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_above="#+id/bottom_panel"
>
</ScrollView>
<LinearLayout
android:id="#+id/bottom_panel"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:paddingBottom="75dp">
<ImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="#+id/help_ic"
android:src="#drawable/help_main_hdpi"
android:layout_marginTop="0dp"
android:layout_gravity="right"
android:layout_weight="1"
/>
<ImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="#+id/feed_ic"
android:src="#drawable/feed_main_hdpi"
android:layout_marginTop="0dp"
android:layout_gravity="right"
android:layout_weight="1"
/>
<ImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="#+id/search_ic"
android:src="#drawable/search_main_hdpi"
android:layout_marginTop="0dp"
android:layout_gravity="right"
android:layout_weight="1"
/>
<ImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="#+id/read_ic"
android:src="#drawable/read_main_hdpi"
android:layout_marginTop="0dp"
android:layout_gravity="right"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:paddingBottom="0dp" />
</LinearLayout>

As you have given weight to your ImageView,set
android:layout_width="0dp"
instead of "wrap_content" for the ImageView and give the total weightsum to the parent LinearLayout i.e 4 in your case.
Try this, I hope It will help you.

how to set images inside a layout on screen?

I need to put two images one below the other in the center of the screen. They need to be in the center. the images will keep changing depending on the code so how do i get the images to work on all screens without moving or the size increasing or decreasing?
I tried using grid view but it seems too much code for two images. it works but is there anything more efficient?

For this type of design i always create a center point on screen,check below code -
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent" >
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/image1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="#drawable/ic_launcher"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:layout_above="#+id/center_point" />
<View
android:id="#+id/center_point"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"/>
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/image2"
android:src="#drawable/ic_launcher"
android:layout_below="#+id/center_point"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />
it will surely works.
All the best

If u have always only 2 images, you can set it in xml file like that:
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent" >
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/image1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerInParent="true" />
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/image2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" />
</RelativeLayout>
First image centers in parent and the second one centers horizontal and also aligns bottom of the screen.
Good luck.

Here this code may help you.You must create one LinearLayout and set him vertical orientation and layout_gravity = center horizontal.After that create two image views which are automatic position in center of the screen one below other.I hope this will help you.Happy coding :)
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal">
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/image_view_two"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="#drawable/ic_launcher"
/>
<ImageView
android:id="#+id/image_view_one"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="#drawable/ic_launcher" />
</LinearLayout>

Make a vertical Linear-layout that contains both of your ImageViews and then set an equal layout_weight for both of them. Set the layout_centerInParent true for your Linear_layout
<LinearLayout
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:id="#+id/lock_layout_keypad"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
android:layout_marginBottom="4dp">
<ImageView
android:layout_weight="1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="#+id/imageView"
android:src="#drawable/ic_launcher"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />
<ImageView
android:layout_weight="1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="#+id/imageView2"
android:src="#drawable/ic_launcher"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />
</LinearLayout>
You can remove android:layout_weight.

ImageView: scale properly above Button

I'm new to Android and everything went well until now I have to deal with the layout.
What I want is this layout:
Layout how it should be:
The image should be properly scaled and keep its ratio.
That's why I tried this XML code, but it doesn't work the way I want. The image keeps its ratio but the left and right side are out of the screen when vertical and cut at the top and bottom when horizontal:
Layout how it is:
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:background="#color/background">
<ImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:src="#drawable/logo"
android:gravity="center"
android:scaleType="centerCrop"
android:contentDescription="#string/app_logo"
android:layout_weight="2.5" />
<LinearLayout
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_weight="4"
android:gravity="center">
<Button
android:id="#+id/id1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="50dp"
android:layout_marginRight="50dp"
android:text="#string/text1"
android:textSize="40sp"
/>
<Button
android:id="#+id/id2"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:layout_marginLeft="50dp"
android:layout_marginRight="50dp"
android:text="#string/text2"
/>
<Button
android:id="#+id/id3"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="50dp"
android:layout_marginRight="50dp"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:text="#string/text3" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
I googled a lot but just could not find what I was looking for.
Please help!

It looks like android:scaleType="fitCenter" is what you are looking for

you have to design 2 layout for you vertical state and horizontal state and put them in two different folder in your android project:
while you put your regular layout in the layout folder you should put the landscape layout in the layout-land folder.

Try setting android:scaleType="fitXY" to your ImageView.

Adjusting the size of an ImageButton in Android

Is there any way to do this? I have tried padding the image and setting the width/height of the view, but neither seems to work. Here is an example:
<ImageButton
android:id="#+id/search"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="#drawable/search_small"
android:paddingTop="4sp"
android:paddingBottom="4sp"
android:paddingLeft="6sp"
android:paddingRight="6sp"
android:layout_marginRight="10sp"
android:layout_marginTop="6sp"
android:layout_marginBottom="6sp"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
/>
I want the button to be wider than it is tall, but it is coming out the other way round.

Just had a play to try and understand your problem.
Seems ImageButton is a composite view which has a few pre-set values. Such as some sort of margin which you cannot override with the XML. If you cannot change your image to match what you want to happen then you are better to create your own composite view.
Here is my example of a composite view you can make yourself:
<FrameLayout android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<Button android:id="#+id/saveSearchButton"
android:layout_width="50dp"
android:layout_height="50dp" />
<ImageView android:layout_width="45dp"
android:layout_height="45dp"
android:scaleType="fitXY"
android:src="#drawable/ic_menu_save"
android:layout_gravity="center"/>
</FrameLayout>
<FrameLayout android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<Button android:id="#+id/clearSearchButton"
android:layout_width="50dp"
android:layout_height="50dp" />
<ImageView android:layout_width="45dp"
android:layout_height="45dp"
android:scaleType="fitXY"
android:src="#drawable/ic_menu_close_clear_cancel"
android:layout_gravity="center"/>
</FrameLayout>
And the original buttons:
<ImageButton android:id="#+id/imageButton1"
android:src="#drawable/ic_menu_save"
android:layout_height="45dp" android:layout_width="45dp"/>
<ImageButton android:id="#+id/imageButton2"
android:src="#drawable/ic_menu_close_clear_cancel"
android:layout_height="45dp"
android:layout_width="45dp"/>
Here we can see custom image/button composite followed by the build in ImageButton as part of the SDK:

Set android:background instead of android:src to set the image on the button. This will adjust the image to your button's size. Then adjust the padding after.

You shouldn't use sp as a size dimension - dp should be used as it will help your view scale directly with different screen density and resolutions. See Here for dimensions.
padding will push other elements away from your view boundary. margin will push the contents of your view inward from the your boundary (ie would squash the available space for your picture) . The boundary is specified by height and width. Without more information I would guess you are being confused by your margins - delete them and experiment.
Also useful to you: android:scaleType="fitXY" makes the image stretch to match both the X and Y dimensions that are available to it. It helps you to see the canvas available to your image. Once you feel the area is large enough for a correctly scaled image change the scale type to centerInside. See Here for all scale types.

I use minWidth and minHeight attributes, combined with a fitXY scale type and wrapping its content to modulate the shape of my button.
<ImageButton
android:id="#+id/fooButton"
android:background="#drawable/play_button"
android:backgroundTint="#00000000"
android:minWidth="200"
android:minHeight="100"
android:scaleType="fitXY"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:onClick="playStuff"
/>

Can you explain your question more widely so that we can more understood.
As per my understanding You want to set your ImageButton Height/Width. But it doesn't work is it? I want to ask you that, if you write any specific height/width then also it doesn't work?
I copied your code in my files and I changed the height/width manually then it will work.
Please explain your question.
Thanks.

I finished the layout following Graeme's answer. Four "imageButton" fix the bottom, same width, changeable image size. thanks!
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:background="#color/#000"
android:weightSum="100" >
<FrameLayout
android:id="#+id/flBottom1"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="25"
>
<Button
android:id="#+id/ibBottom1"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:background="#drawable/detail_tab_bg_selector"/>
<ImageView
android:layout_width="32dp"
android:layout_height="32dp"
android:scaleType="fitXY"
android:src="#drawable/icon_home_48_48"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
/>
<TextView
android:id="#+id/tvBottom1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_marginTop="35dp"
android:text="#string/bailty_text_home"
style="#style/bailtyTextBottom"
/>
</FrameLayout>
<FrameLayout
android:id="#+id/flBottom2"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="25"
>
<Button
android:id="#+id/ibBottom2"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:background="#drawable/detail_tab_bg_selector"/>
<ImageView
android:layout_width="32dp"
android:layout_height="32dp"
android:scaleType="fitXY"
android:src="#drawable/icon_compose_48_48"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
/>
<TextView
android:id="#+id/tvBottom2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_marginTop="35dp"
android:text="#string/bailty_text_comment"
style="#style/bailtyTextBottom"
/>
</FrameLayout>
<FrameLayout
android:id="#+id/flBottom3"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="25"
>
<Button
android:id="#+id/ibBottom3"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:background="#drawable/detail_tab_bg_selector"/>
<ImageView
android:layout_width="32dp"
android:layout_height="32dp"
android:scaleType="fitXY"
android:src="#drawable/icon_search_48_48"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
/>
<TextView
android:id="#+id/tvBottom3"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_marginTop="35dp"
android:text="#string/bailty_text_search"
style="#style/bailtyTextBottom"
/>
</FrameLayout>
<FrameLayout
android:id="#+id/flBottom4"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="25"
>
<Button
android:id="#+id/ibBottom4"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:background="#drawable/detail_tab_bg_selector"/>
<ImageView
android:layout_width="32dp"
android:layout_height="32dp"
android:scaleType="fitXY"
android:src="#drawable/icon_barcode_48_48"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
/>
<TextView
android:id="#+id/tvBottom4"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_marginTop="35dp"
android:text="#string/bailty_text_scan_again"
style="#style/bailtyTextBottom"
/>
</FrameLayout>
</LinearLayout>