Develop Reference

Crawling Android File System gets stuck in possible SymLink loop

I'm trying to crawl the entire file system of an android device, both directories and files, without the benefit of NIO, to build a tree of it. If I had NIO then I could use WalkTree or similar, but I don't.
The problem I am having (on the Nexus 5 API 23 x86 emulator) is in /sys/bus/pci/devices and possibly other directories (eg /proc/self) - it doesn't complete before the app times out/quits/crashes (unknown which), possibly getting into some kind of loop or something (the path may change in a repetitive fashion but the canonical path varies little or not at all) .
However if I rule out Symbolic links then that problem goes away but I get what is only some of the files on the device rather than all - for example lacking files under /data (or /data/media/0) and those files not showing up elsewhere - not to mention it looks completely different from the file system that most file managers show. The former is strange as I'd understood Symbolic Links pointed to files and folders that were still present in the file system, but just made them look as if they were elsewhere.
What's the solution? Do I have to code exceptions or special handling for /sys/bus/pci/devices, /proc/self and others? I'd prefer to keep Symbolic Links being followed if I can, and I'd prefer to crawl as many files and folders as I can (so starting in a sub-folder is not preferred).
And a few related questions that might affect the approach I eventually take - if I DO keep SymLinks then does that mean that some things will be crawled twice or more? Is there a way to avoid that? Is there a way to detect when something is the TARGET of a SymLink, other than following the SymLink and checking the CanonicalPath?
Here's my code:
I get the root (I understand that in Android, the first and likely only root is the valid one):
File[] roots = File.listRoots();
String rootPath = "";
try {
rootPath = roots[0].getCanonicalPath();
} catch (IOException e) {
// do something
}
Then I start the crawl (note the boolean to choose whether to ignore simlinks or not):
try {
// check if the rootPath is null or empty, and then...
File rootFile = new File(rootPath);
rootNode = new FileFolderNode(rootFile, null, true, false); // last param may be true to ignore sim links
//FileFolderNode(String filePath, FileFolderNode parent, boolean addChildren, boolean ignoreSimLinks)
} catch (Exception e) {
// do something
}
That uses the FileFolderNode, which has constructor:
public FileFolderNode(File file, FileFolderNode parent, boolean addChildren, boolean ignoreSimLinks) throws IOException {
if (file == null)
throw new IOException("File is null in new FileFolderNode");
if (!file.exists())
throw new IOException("File '" + file.getName() + "' does not exist in new FileFolderNode");
// for now this uses isSymLink() from https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/commons/_moved_to_git/io/trunk/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java adjusted a bit to remove Java 7 and Windows mentions
if (!ignoreSimLinks)
if (FileUtils.isSymlink(file))
return;
this.name = file.getName();
if (this.name.equals("") && ! file.getCanonicalPath().equals("/"))
throw new IOException("Name is empty in new FileFolderNode");
this.isDirectory = file.isDirectory();
if (this.isDirectory) {
this.children = new ArrayList<FileFolderNode>();
if (addChildren) {
File[] files = file.listFiles();
if (files == null) {
// do something
} else {
// add in children
for (File f : files) {
FileFolderNode child = null;
try {
child = new FileFolderNode(f, this, addChildren, ignoreSimLinks);
} catch (Exception e) {
child = null;
}
if (child != null)
children.add(child);
}
}
}
}
}
Given the lack of answers here, I've broken this question down into areas needing clarification, and am trying to get answers to those - please do see if you can help with those:
Get Android Filing System root
Android SymLinks to hidden or separate locations or partitions
Avoiding Android Symbolic Link loop

how to efficiently get number of subdirectories and files

In my little file explorer app I show the number of sub-elements in each directory like:
To set those numbers, I launch an AsyncTask (so the ListView won't get "laggy") from my Adapter's getView() method and that for each item in the list. However, when viewing some system directories (like "/" for example) with huge number of subdirs and files, the garbage collector is going insane and performance drops significantly (multiple instances of my AsyncTask still stay in memory even after the app gets finished).
I'm quite sure this is related to how I implemented the subdirs and subfiles check that I'm doing inside the AsyncTask, but the following recursive approach is the only thing I could think of:
//countHidden is a boolean indicating whether to count hidden files
private int[] getSubFilesCount(File root) {
int fcount = 0;
int dcount = 0;
File[] files = root.listFiles();
if (files != null)
for (File f : files) {
if (f.isDirectory()) {
getSubFilesCount(f);
if (f.isHidden()) {
if (countHidden)
dcount++;
} else {
dcount++;
}
} else {
if (f.isHidden()) {
if (countHidden)
fcount++;
} else {
fcount++;
}
}
}
int[] tcount = { fcount, dcount };
return tcount;
}
The question: is there any alternative to get the number of subdirectories and files that will work faster then the approach posted above?

You could do what's suggested here which is effectively the same as you're doing but slightly more succinct (if you don't mind me saying so). Obviously you'd have to do it for files and directories. I believe Java 7 provides a better way of doing this but unfortunately you're limited to Java 6 at the moment with Android.

Not finding local data files saved in my application

The process seemed quite simplistic at first, but there must be something that I am missing going forward with this task. There was a settings file that I wanted to create local to my application for storing a whole bunch of data (not preference worthy). I ended up saving the file with the following code snippet.
protected File createSettingsFileLocation(String fileNameF)
{
File directoryFile = context_.getDir("settings", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
File settingsFile;
settingsFile = new File(directoryFile, fileNameF);
if (!settingsFile.exists())
{
try
{
settingsFile.createNewFile();
} catch(IOException e)
{
Log.e(MyConstants.LOG_TAG, "Could not create the file as intended within internal storage.");
return null;
}
}
return settingsFile;
}
and then proceeded to retrieve the file later by looking for it locally with the following code snippets.
public String getCurrentFileContainingSettings()
{
List<String >settingFilesInFolder = getLocalStorageFileNames();
if (settingFilesInFolder == null || settingFilesInFolder.isEmpty())
{
return null;
}
String pathToCurrentSettingsFile = settingFilesInFolder.get(0);
return pathToCurrentSettingsFile;
}
protected List<String> getLocalStorageFileNames()
{
return Arrays.asList(context_.fileList());
}
However, the settingFilesInFolder always returns no entries, so I get null back from the getCurrentFileContainingSettings(). As what I could see from the documentation it seems as thought I was doing it right. But, I must be missing something, so I was hoping that someone could point something out to me. I could potentially hard-code the file name once it has been created within the system in a preference file for access later the first time that the settings are created, but I shouldn't have to do something like that I would think.

fileList() only looks in getFilesDir(), not in its subdirectories, such as the one you created via getDir(). Use standard Java file I/O (e.g., list()) instead.

How can I clear the Android app cache?

I am writing a app which can programatically clear application cache of all the third party apps installed on the device. Following is the code snippet for Android 2.2
public static void trimCache(Context myAppctx) {
Context context = myAppctx.createPackageContext("com.thirdparty.game",
Context.CONTEXT_INCLUDE_CO|Context.CONTEXT_IGNORE_SECURITY);
File cachDir = context.getCacheDir();
Log.v("Trim", "dir " + cachDir.getPath());
if (cachDir!= null && cachDir.isDirectory()) {
Log.v("Trim", "can read " + cachDir.canRead());
String[] fileNames = cachDir.list();
//Iterate for the fileName and delete
}
}
My manifest has following permissions:
android.permission.CLEAR_APP_CACHE
android.permission.DELETE_CACHE_FILES
Now the problem is that the name of the cache directory is printed but the list of files cachDir.list() always returns null. I am not able to delete the cache directory since the file list is always null.
Is there any other way to clear the application cache?

"android.permission.CLEAR_APP_CACHE" android.permission.DELETE_CACHE_FILES"
Ordinary SDK applications cannot hold the DELETE_CACHE_FILES permission. While you can hold CLEAR_APP_CACHE, there is nothing in the Android SDK that allows you to clear an app's cache.
Is there any other way to clear the application cache?
You are welcome to clear your own cache by deleting the files in that cache.

Check out android.content.pm.PackageManager.clearApplicationUserData: http://grepcode.com/file/repository.grepcode.com/java/ext/com.google.android/android/2.3.3_r1/android/content/pm/PackageManager.java/
The other hidden methods in that class might be useful, too.
In case you've never used hidden methods before, you can access hidden methods using Java reflection.

poate iti merge asta
static int clearCacheFolder(final File dir, final int numDays) {
int deletedFiles = 0;
if (dir!= null && dir.isDirectory()) {
try {
for (File child:dir.listFiles()) {
//first delete subdirectories recursively
if (child.isDirectory()) {
deletedFiles += clearCacheFolder(child, numDays);
}
//then delete the files and subdirectories in this dir
//only empty directories can be deleted, so subdirs have been done first
if (child.lastModified() < new Date().getTime() - numDays * DateUtils.DAY_IN_MILLIS) {
if (child.delete()) {
deletedFiles++;
}
}
}
}
catch(Exception e) {
Log.e("ATTENTION!", String.format("Failed to clean the cache, error %s", e.getMessage()));
}
}
return deletedFiles;
}
public static void clearCache(final Context context, final int numDays) {
Log.i("ADVL", String.format("Starting cache prune, deleting files older than %d days", numDays));
int numDeletedFiles = clearCacheFolder(context.getCacheDir(), numDays);
Log.i("ADVL", String.format("Cache pruning completed, %d files deleted", numDeletedFiles));
}

I'm not sure how appropriate this is in terms of convention, but this works so far for me in my Global Application class:
File[] files = cacheDir.listFiles();
for (File file : files){
file.delete();
}
Of course, this doesn't address nested directories, which might be done with a recursive function like this (not tested extensively with subdirectories):
deleteFiles(cacheDir);
private void deleteFiles(File dir){
if (dir != null){
if (dir.listFiles() != null && dir.listFiles().length > 0){
// RECURSIVELY DELETE FILES IN DIRECTORY
for (File file : dir.listFiles()){
deleteFiles(file);
}
} else {
// JUST DELETE FILE
dir.delete();
}
}
}
I didn't use File.isDirectory because it was unreliable in my testing.

Copy the shared preferences XML file from /data on Samsung device failed

There's an exporting feature in my application. It's just a copy operation since all my settings are store in shared preference.
I just copy the xml file from /data/data/package.name/shared_prefs/settings.xml to SD card. It works fine on my HTC desire. However, it might not work on Samsung devices, and i got the following error while I try to copy the file.
I/System.out( 3166): /data/data/package.name/shared_prefs/settings.xml (No such file or directory)
in the directory.
Anyone know how to fix it, or is there another simple way to store the shared preference ?
Thanks.

Never never never never never never never never never hardwire paths.
Unfortunately, there's no getSharedPreferenceDir() anywhere that I can think of. The best solution I can think of will be:
new File(getFilesDir(), "../shared_prefs")
This way if a device manufacturer elects to change partition names, you are covered.
Try this and see if it helps.

CommonsWare's suggestion would a be clever hack, but unfortunately it won't work.
Samsung does not always put the shared_prefs directory in the same parent directory as the getFilesDir().
I'd recommend testing for the existence of (hardcode it, except for package name):
/dbdata/databases/<package_name>/shared_prefs/package.name_preferences.xml and if it exists use it, otherwise fall back to either CommonsWare's suggestion of new File(getFilesDir(), "../shared_prefs") or just /data/data/<package_name>/shared_prefs/package.name_preferences.xml.
A warning though that this method could potentially have problems if a user switched from a Samsung rom to a custom rom without wiping, as the /dbdata/databases file might be unused but still exist.
More details
On some Samsung devices, such as the Galaxy S series running froyo, the setup is this:
/data/data/<package_name>/(lib|files|databases)
Sometimes there's a shared_prefs there too, but it's just Samsung's attempt to confuse you! Don't trust it! (I think it can happen as a left over from a 2.1 upgrade to 2.2, but it might be a left over from users switching roms. I don't really know, I just have both included in my app's bug report interface and sometimes see both files).
And:
/dbdata/databases/<package_name>/shared_prefs
That's the real shared_prefs directory.
However on the Galaxy Tab on Froyo, it's weird. Generally you have: /data/data/<package_name>/(lib|shared_prefs|files|databases)
With no /dbdata/databases/<package_name> directory, but it seems the system apps do have:
/dbdata/databases/<package_name>/yourdatabase.db
And added bonus is that /dbdata/databases/<package_name> is not removed when your app is uninstalled. Good luck using SharedPreferences if the user ever reinstalls your app!

Try using
context.getFilesDir().getParentFile().getAbsolutePath()

Best way to get valid path on all devices - run method Context.getSharedPrefsFile defined as:
/**
* {#hide}
* Return the full path to the shared prefs file for the given prefs group name.
*
* <p>Note: this is not generally useful for applications, since they should
* not be directly accessing the file system.
*/
public abstract File getSharedPrefsFile(String name);
Because of it hidden need use reflection and use fallback on fail:
private File getSharedPrefsFile(String name) {
Context context = ...;
File file = null;
try {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {
try {
Method m = context.getClass().getMethod("getSharedPreferencesPath", new Class[] {String.class});
file = (File)m.invoke(context, new Object[]{name});
} catch (Throwable e) {
Log.w("App TAG", "Failed call getSharedPreferencesPath", e);
}
}
if (file == null) {
Method m = context.getClass().getMethod("getSharedPrefsFile", new Class[] {String.class});
file = (File)m.invoke(context, new Object[]{name});
}
} catch (Throwable e) {
Log.w("App TAG", "Failed call getSharedPrefsFile", e);
file = new File(context.getFilesDir(), "../shared_prefs/" + name + ".xml");
}
return file;
}
On some Samsungs implements like this:
public File getSharedPrefsFile(String paramString) {
return makeFilename(getPreferencesDir(), paramString + ".xml");
}
private File getPreferencesDir() {
synchronized (this.mSync) {
if (this.mPreferencesDir == null) {
this.mPreferencesDir = new File("/dbdata/databases/" + getPackageName() + "/", "shared_prefs");
}
File localFile = this.mPreferencesDir;
return localFile;
}
}
On other Android like this:
public File getSharedPrefsFile(String name) {
return makeFilename(getPreferencesDir(), name + ".xml");
}
private File getPreferencesDir() {
synchronized (mSync) {
if (mPreferencesDir == null) {
mPreferencesDir = new File(getDataDirFile(), "shared_prefs");
}
return mPreferencesDir;
}
}
private File getDataDirFile() {
if (mPackageInfo != null) {
return mPackageInfo.getDataDirFile();
}
throw new RuntimeException("Not supported in system context");
}
After while Google change API for level 24 and later:
https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/6a6cdafaec56fcd793214678c7fcc52f0b860cfc%5E%21/core/java/android/app/ContextImpl.java

I've tested in Samsung P1010 with:
//I'm in a IntentService class
File file = this.getDir("shared_prefs", MODE_PRIVATE);
I got:
"/data/data/package.name/app_shared_prefs"
It works fine to me. I can run ffmpeg in this folder.
Look:
Context.getDir

You have to create the shared_prefs directory:
try{
String dir="/data/data/package.name/shared_prefs";
// Create one directory
boolean success = (new File(dir)).mkdirs();
if (success) {
// now copy the file
}
}catch (Exception e){//Catch exception if any
System.err.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
}
Also... the package of your app is package.name? Make sure you are referring to the right package.