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(Kotlin)why when I press back form fragment app is closed? I had one activity

private fun navBottomClick() {
bottomNavigationView?.setOnItemSelectedListener {
when(it.itemId){
R.id.workout ->{
val fragmentTransaction:FragmentTransaction = supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction()
fragmentTransaction.replace(R.id.container,WorkoutFragment(),"WORKOUT")
//fragmentTransaction.addToBackStack("WORKOUT")
fragmentTransaction.setTransition(FragmentTransaction.TRANSIT_FRAGMENT_FADE)
fragmentTransaction.commit()
}
R.id.steps ->{
intent = Intent(this,StepsActivity::class.java)
startActivity(intent)
}
}
true
}
}
override fun onBackPressed() {
super.onBackPressed()
}
}
When I pressed back, my app is closed. I want to make it go from a fragment to the main acitvity.

You have misunderstood the concept of Fragments and Activity . The issue you facing of the application getting close on navigating back from the fragment because it is the last fragment present in the stack .
Concept :
Basically , an Activity acts as an container for all of your Fragments . So , you create an activity and create a Fragment-Container / FrameLayout in that Activity wherein you assign the Fragments. So , Consider this example :
Here you can see, there are two fragments and both of them are placed in only one Activity . So this clarifies that Activity acts as an container for fragments .
What causes the Issue of Application being closed :
So what happens is when you navigate back from the last fragment , since it does not have anywhere to go back it closes the application .
Solution :
So if you want to get your Activity on navigating back on the last fragment to the Activity then , you need to override the popBackStack() method on the last Fragment and in there you need to disable the FragmentContainer / FrameLayout view, in this way you can get your activity back .
Recommended Solution : Move all the stuffs that you want to show at the end from your Activity to another Fragment and popBackStack() to that Fragment, doing such maintains the Single Activity principle .

You should have a popbackstack to send the screen correctly. Check if your fragment has implemented inside of this activity, if yes, really that will be closed.
Don't forget that fragment is inside of the one activity.

You need to un-comment this line
//fragmentTransaction.addToBackStack("WORKOUT")
then it will work as there is no stack maintained activity can't go back to previous fragment and will close the activity.

Why after transaction to second fragment landscape mode showing me first transaction again?

I have 2 fragments. My first fragment have button which leads me to second fragment. It has this code:
binding.btnGet5Days.setOnClickListener {
val forecastFragment = ForecastFrag()
val transaction: FragmentTransaction =
parentFragmentManager.beginTransaction()
transaction.replace(R.id.fragment_container, forecastFragment)
transaction.addToBackStack(null)
transaction.commit()
}
In my MainActivity i have this code:
val cityFragment = CityFrag()
val fm: FragmentManager = supportFragmentManager
fm.beginTransaction()
.add(R.id.fragment_container, cityFragment)
.commit()
Fragments are in FragmentContainer,
The problem is when i'm joining second fragment through this button and turn my phone into landscape mode, my first fragment layering to my second fragment. How can i solve it? :)

It's hard to know without seeing your full code, but it's possible the code you posted from MainActivity is adding a fragment on top of the existing stack. When you rotate the device, the Activity is destroyed and recreated, but the FragmentManager maintains its state so you don't lose everything. If your recreated activity code always adds a new fragment instance, you'll end up with what was already there, plus another CityFrag on top
The official recommendation is to use the Jetpack Navigation library, which will handle all that for you. If you don't want to go that far right now, you'll have to do your own checking and creation logic.
One thing you can do is to check if the savedInstanceState Bundle passed into your activity's onCreate is null - if it is, then this is a fresh start, and you can initialise with your first fragment. If it's not null, then your app is being recreated from some saved state, so you should probably let the FragmentManager take care of restoring itself and its back stack.
Otherwise take a look at FragmentManager - there's a bunch of useful methods like getBackStackEntryCount, findFragmentByTag etc. that you can use to work out what state your fragments are in, and if you need to add one or not. Depends on your code!

FragmentManager instantiate correctly fragments but content fragments is invisible

I've been trying to resolve this issue for some time now. My app uses a slidingPaneLayout to show fragments inside it. My issue is in lower API than 28, after some time loading fragments on the slidingPaneLayout, when instantiate new fragments, their content become partially or fully invisible but the fragment itself works correctly (sounds and timer works even with content invisible), if I go background with the app and comes back the content of the fragment re-appears without any issue.
I don't know exactly what is the causing the issue, if someone had this problem before and have some indications it would be a great help for me.
For the slidingPaneLayout I use this library: https://github.com/umano/AndroidSlidingUpPanel
For changing my fragments I use this:
fun showFragment(fragment: Fragment, containerId: Int, tag: String) {
val fragmentTransaction = supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction()
fragmentTransaction.replace(containerId, fragment, tag)
fragmentTransaction.addToBackStack(null)
fragmentTransaction.commit()
}
What it should look like:
What happens when this issue first appears
After first issue all fragments load with content invisible (the orange arrow is from the activity view)
[3
PS: I corrected nearly all memory leaks with canaryleak on the app
PS: I'm using the last version of Fragments, androidx.fragment:fragment:1.2.4
Edit: When i force onStop in my fragment like below:
var firstTime = true
override fun onResume() {
super.onResume()
if(firstTime){
onStop()
firstTime = false
}
}
The fragment view appears correctly I don't know why

The Fragment refreshes on back- Android Navigation

I am making an application using the Android Navigation component. But I ran into a very fundamental problem which can cause problems in the whole development of my application.
The Scenario
I have this Fragment where in onViewCreated I am observing a field from my viewmodel.
override fun onViewCreated(view: View, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState)
viewModel = ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(EventDetailsViewModel::class.java)
viewModel.init(context!!,eventId)
viewModel.onEventDetailsUpdated().observe(this, Observer {
setEventDetails(it)
})
}
And in the setEventDetails method, I set recyclerviews with the data.
The PROBLEM
This fragment is a long fragment with a scroll. Suppose I scroll long way down to a section and click on a button which takes me to another fragment.
But when I come back to this fragment, it again takes me to the top and does everything that it did on first load.
That can be troubling. It is kind of recreating the whole fragment instead of keeping its old state.
What I tried
I searched a lot of questions. And went through This Github Query, This SO question, Another Git... But I could not solve my problem.
Please help, Thanks in advance.

Yes, Fragment's view will get destroyed whenever you navigate forward to another fragment.
RecyclerView's scroll position should be automatically restored, even when new instance of RecyclerView is created and new Adapter instance is set, as long as you setup everything with the same dataset as before. Also, you need to do it before the first layout pass.
This means that you need your old data and you need to have it ready immediately (no async loads!).
ViewModelProvider should return the same ViewModel instance. That ViewModel holds the data you should be able to synchronously get and display on the UI. Make sure to refactor your viewModel.init method - you don't want to make API call if data is already there in case when going back. A simple boolean isInitialized can work here, or you can even check if LiveData is empty or not.
Also, you have a subtle bug when calling observe on LiveData. onViewCreated can be called many times for the same fragment (each time you navigate forward and back!) - so observe will be called each time. Your Fragment will be subscribed many times to the same LiveData. This means you will get events multiple times (once for each subscription). This can cause issues with RecyclerView state restoration too. Your subscription is tied to Lifecycle owner you passed. You passed Fragment's Lifecycle owner which is tied to Fragment's lifecycle. What you want to do is pass Fragment view's lifecycle owner, so whenever the view is destroyed the subscription gets cleared, and you only have 1 subscription ever and only while the Fragment's view is alive. For this, you can use getViewLifecycleOwner instead of this.

You need to rely on ViewModel to restore the fragment state because ViewModel doesn't get destroyed on fragment change.
In your viewModel, create a variable listState
class HomeViewModel : ViewModel() {
var listState: Parcelable? = null
}
Then in your fragment use below code
class HomeFragment : Fragment() {
private val viewModel by navGraphViewModels<HomeViewModel>(R.id.mobile_navigation)
override fun onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState)
if (viewModel.listState != null) {
list.layoutManager?.onRestoreInstanceState(viewModel.listState)
viewModel.listState = null
}else{
//load data normally
}
override fun onDestroyView() {
super.onDestroyView()
viewModel.listState = list.layoutManager?.onSaveInstanceState()
}
}

You don't have to initialize the view model each time. Just check for null before initializing. Don't know kotlin, still it will be something like:
if(viewModel == null){
viewModel = ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(EventDetailsViewModel::class.java)
viewModel.init(context!!,eventId)
}

try putting this code where you first call your fragment.
ft = fm.beginTransaction();
ft.replace(R.id.main_fragment, yourSearchFragment, "searchFragment");
ft.setTransition(FragmentTransaction.TRANSIT_FRAGMENT_OPEN);
ft.commit();
and this when going back to the fragment
ft = fm.beginTransaction();
ft.hide(getFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag("searchFragment"));
ft.add(R.id.main_fragment, yourDetailfragment);
ft.addToBackStack(null);
ft.setTransition(FragmentTransaction.TRANSIT_FRAGMENT_OPEN);
ft.commit();

Activity destroyed by garbage collection and all fragments in backstack are showing instead of only current activity

So I have enabled the setting to destroy actvities when you navigate away from an activity
Settings=>Developer Options=>Don't Keep activites
This should basically replicate an activity or fragment getting garbaged collected and then I have to restore the data via the bundle savedinstancestate.
So I understand how that works. But it seems when I navigate from fragment 1 to fragment 2 and then put the application in the background and then in the foreground(destroying the activity)
Both fragment 1 and fragment 2 show at the same time. In which only fragment 2 should be showing.
I do not know if this is something standard that I have to manage hiding and showing fragments onsavedinstance. Or if something in my code is breaking things. Below is how I push fragments which I hope is helpful:
public void pushFragmentWithAnimation(FragmentManager fm, int parentId, Fragment currentFrag, Fragment newFrag, int animEntry, int animExit) {
hideSoftKeyboard(currentFrag.getActivity());
FragmentTransaction ft = fm.beginTransaction();
// See: http://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/FragmentTransaction.html#setCustomAnimations(int, int, int, int)
ft.setCustomAnimations(animEntry, animExit, animEntry, animExit);
ft.add(parentId, newFrag, String.format("Entry%d", fm.getBackStackEntryCount())).hide(currentFrag).show(newFrag);
ft.addToBackStack(null);
ft.commit();
}
Fragment 1 is still in the backstack because when I press back I only see fragment 1. Let me know if you know why this is happening.

The lifecycle of XML added Fragments and programmatically added Fragments differ enough to make mixing them a bad idea, as explained in detail here.
The easiest way around this is to make all fragments programmatically added by replacing your XML inflated Fragment with a FrameLayout of the same ID, then in your onCreate add
FragmentManager fragMgr = getSupportFragmentManager();
if (null == fragMgr.findFragmentByTag(FRAG_TAG))
{
fragMgr.beginTransaction().
add(R.id.fragment, new Fragment1(), FRAG_TAG).commit();
}
Where FRAG_TAG is any unique string. This ensures that Fragment1 is only created if it is not already in the layout.

I am not entirely sure why this solution works. I assume its related to if the activity gets killed that it does not keep track of which fragment is currently shown and shows all of the fragments. So basically I needed to replace:
ft.add(parentId, newFrag, String.format("Entry%d", fm.getBackStackEntryCount())).hide(currentFrag).show(newFrag);
with
ft.replace(parentId, newFrag, tag);
Then when I create the initial fragment in the main activity. I only would do that when
if(savedInstanceState==null){
My updated code is below: https://github.com/CorradoDev/FragmentTest/tree/2c53f9f42e835da768f61b0233f3ab5b3adf2448