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How to run Android Apps in a computer browser like PWA App?

I would like to compare native with cross-platform technology.
I am writing Kotlin Android Native application and is it possible to easily open it in browser like Chrome and it will work similarly like web application in Flutter?
My goal is to write native application with possibility to launch it on 'normal' browser on computer.

Let's start with concepts
PWA
Progressive Web Application, as a summary is just a web with special javascript that make it possible the use of device(desktop/mobile) hardware features and/or css files with effects that make the web look like a native application. At the end is just a web application running a on remote server usually with a domain like www.acme.com and accessed through a web browser.
UI Form elements are just html
Native mobile application
It is an application, developed with java or kotlin for android and Objective-C or Swift for ios. Result is an .apk or .ipa containing usually non readable files. This kind of application cannot be opened using a web browser.
UI Form elements are native components, not html
Mobile web browser
In a mobile device we have web browsers like opera, chrome, firefox, safari, etc. As we can notice, this are native applications capable of open any web page through its url. This is the feature provided by mobile devices used in the hybrid applications.
Hybrid Applications
A hybrid app is a software application that combines elements of both native apps and web applications where the core of the application is written using web technologies.
As a extremely summary, this apps are a kind of web browsers opening just one url, without the address bar, which uses new device features to trick the user by displaying a website as if it were a native application
Usually the web application which is loaded in the hybrid applications are pwas or similar.
UI Form elements are just html.
Sources:
https://ionic.io/resources/articles/what-is-hybrid-app-development
https://www2.stardust-testing.com/en/blog-en/hybrid-apps
https://easternpeak.com/definition/hybrid-apps/
Your question
How to run Android Apps in a computer browser like PWA App?
No, you can't. If you app is developed on a native language (android sample)
Button btnTag = new Button(this);
btnTag.setLayoutParams(new Layout...));
btnTag.setText("Button");
btnTag.setId(some_random_id);
There is no way to open it in a web browser of the same device and much less on another desktop browser.
Workaround
If you application is a web with a valid url and you achieve to develop a kind of native app with features of browser (like WebViews for android and wkWebView for ios), but hardcoding the url and hiding the address bar , you will have:
a web able to opened directly any desktop browser
a native app able to be opened on any mobile phone.
Keep in mind that the look & feel of your web should be similar to a native application like Material Design for Angular or React. Also should have advanced features like service worker in pwa. Without them, your user will notice that is a web and not a mobile app.
Don't reinvent the wheel
The previous explained workaround is exactly what the following frameworks do but with steroids. The result app is called sometimes "hybrid applications". Basically you just develop html + javascript and the framework will package your code as a standard web, native .apk for android and native .ipa for ios. Here some frameworks:
Apache Cordova
React Native
Flutter
Ionic
Phone Gap
Unity (games)
Apache Flex
image source: https://www.statista.com/statistics/869224/worldwide-software-developer-working-hours/

Phonegap Assistance

I have the following scenario below: Please guide me.
I already have an existing web application develop using PHP & MySql, It works perfectly on
on a normal browser. What I would like to do is have the very same functionality, on
my "Android App" "iOS" and "BB".
I have been going through multiple forums, and I am still very confused. Here are my reasons:
I do not just want to load the app in the "WebView".
I want to be able to log in to my web app through phonegap, (need to send the credentials to the web app)
After logging in I want to be able to format the generated .html (to display on mobile)
On my browser it allows me to upload content to the server, if possible I would like to this as well:)
I already have the latest version of PhoneGap + ADT & SDK + Eclipse, I can develop static html apps
without any hassles, now, I just need to have client side html that talks to my server side php.
Something similar to the Facebook app and the Facebook Mobile Version.
Any suggestions.

I have just completed a project using PhoneGap, Backbone JS and Require JS, these acted as my MVC for the front end application which sent ajax request to my back end PHP application, which was converted into a rest API. Laravel does this quite well, but it might have to be a custom build for you if you are already relying on a bespoke PHP build.
I was able to deploy to Android and iOS. However, using PhoneGap means that your application will be loaded in a WebView, this might help exaplain a WebView in more detail.

Android Application that points to a web app

I have a web application that is optimized for mobile viewing, so that it can be used on all smartphones (Android, iPhone, etc).
The development of the web application is nearing completion, but I would also like to have an actual downloadable app that users can put on their phones. All this app would do is literally point to the web application and ask them to log in.
Is this something that can be easily done, or will I need to develop full fledged Android and iPhone applications separately that interact with my web app somehow?
Thanks in advance.

PhoneGap is a tool that essentially will do what you are asking out of the box. If you are somewhat familiar with native development, you can also create a simple app where the main view is a web browser (see WebView (Android) or UIWebView (iOS)).

Try this.
Create apps from any web content.

Convert Mobile Web into Native Apllication Using WebView/phoneGap

I am gonna develop a mobile application for multiple devices, say iPhone, iPad and Android Devices like Samsung Galaxy, Samsung Tab and Samsung Galaxy Nexus,
The application is about listing set of information from webservice to list in the application, So I decided to go for Mobile Web app using jquery mobile,
I want to publish the app in Appstore and Android Market, So I want to wrap the Mobile web in to a Native app, I thought an idea of implementing it in a UIWebView in iOS and WebView in Android,
Another option I found out is phoneGap,which provide an SDk to wrap an Web app into a Native iOS or Android App.
Can you people suggest me , Is it better to go with WebView in your native application, or is it really required to use phoneGap, Whether apple will approve my Application if I am using Mobile Web app in a UIWebView, Kindly Suggest.
Note: In my application there is no real need of Using any native functionality of iOS like, Camera, Contacts etc, I just wanna have a list with information fetched from the Webservice.

If you don't need any of the native features phonegap/callback gives you, do not use it. It's a bloated project that will probably add a ton of features you don't need, if you only need a wrapped web application.
Just use a regular webview, enable JS, caching etc and load your HTML into it.

Use phonegap. http://phonegap.com/
If u use it you can use the phonegap build service to generate apps for all platforms via it. you will only have to worry about the js, html part of the app, like you said.
Or if you dont want to use the phonegap build, still creating your own apps with phonegap is way easier as you dont have to write ANY native code.
There were some issues in Phonegap before because of which Apple was rejecting Phonegap apps previously. Thats fixed now, so thats no problem. :)

iOS - calling a web application from within an app

I have a quick question regarding to mobile development, I'm new at this, so please excuse me if I have some mistaken concepts. The scenario and question is the following:
I have a mobile site developed under .Net Framework 4.0, MVC3, Jquery Mobile, HTML5, and CSS3 that looks and works really well from any mobile browser: iOS Safari, Opera Mobile, Android Browser and Blackberry Browser.
I would like to create an app that has a browser in it with the address bar hidden to show this web application and don't let the user see the web address of this web application. The reason why I want this behaviour is this: we have a banking web application site that is intended to be used only through the mobile application. We don't want to create separate apps for each platform, so we would like to use some of those multiplatform frameworks like Phonegap, Appcelerator or such.
I only want to know if it's possible to get this achievement on Phonegap or something like that.
Thanks in advance.

This can be done really easily using Appcelerator.
http://developer.appcelerator.com/apidoc/mobile/1.0/Titanium.UI.WebView
Code:
var webview = Titanium.UI.createWebView({url:'http://www.appcelerator.com'});
var window = Titanium.UI.createWindow();
window.add(webview);
window.open({modal:true});
However, if the app is only using that one webview and no other form of functionality, Apple could well reject it for not using any native functions.
See this note in their documentation...
12.3: Apps that are simply web clippings, content aggregators, or a
collection of links, may be rejected
Hope that helps!

if all you are going to do is host the app inside the webView then I would suggest that PhoneGap is better suited for that approach to mobile application development.
Appcelerator utilizes the native controls/ UI of the platform to build applications and since it is not your intention to use them it is just extra baggage.